Early-life factors, in-utero exposures and endometriosis risk: a meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
This meta-analysis aimed to offer a general picture of the available data on the effects of early-life factors on the risk of developing endometriosis in adult life. An advanced, systematic search of the online medical databases PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL was limited to full-length manuscripts published in English in peer-reviewed journals up to February 2019. Log of relative risk (RR) was employed to calculate the pooled effect sizes using both fixed and random effects modelling and I-squared tests to assess heterogeneity. Funnel plots were used to investigation publication bias. The meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42019138668). Six studies that included a total of 2360 women affected by endometriosis were analysed. The pooled results showed that the risk of developing endometriosis in adult life was significantly increased by being born prematurely (logRR 0.21, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.40), having a low birthweight (logRR 0.35, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.54), being formula-fed (logRR 0.65, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.95) and having been exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero (logRR 0.65, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.04. Among intrauterine and early neonatal exposures, prematurity, birthweight, formula feeding and DES were risk factors for the development of endometriosis in adult life.
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Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) notably increases endometriosis risk in offspring.
“For example, prenatal exposure to the potent synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) notably increases endometriosis risk in offspring.45”
From Prenatal Origins of Endometriosis Pathology and Pain: Reviewing the Evidence of a Role for Low Testosterone (2023) · cites this paper as [45]
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A IMPORTÂNCIA DA HIGIENE MENSTRUAL NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE, UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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SILVA, S. R. D., Paier, C. R. K., Júnior, E. M. L., de Moraes, M. O., & Rodrigues, F. A. R. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c4
CANDIDÍASE VULVOVAGINAL DE REPETIÇÃO: POSSÍVEIS CAUSAS E PROFILAXIA
Brito, M. O., Ccapa, R. J. Q., Medeiros, J. L. B., Guimarães, L. H. M., de Morais, G. H. D., & de Aquino, É. C. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c8
ATUAÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA NO PUERPÉRIO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Paiva, E. D. S., Bastos, D. L., Carvalho, R. E. O., de Sousa, L. M., Nascimento, A., de Sousa, I. B. M., de Sousa, F. V. G., de Sousa, M. M., de Vasconcelos, N. F., & Cunha, F. M. A. M. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c6
de Sousa, F. V. G., de Sousa, I. B. M., de Sousa, M. M., Rodrigues, F. A. M., de Souza, E. F., Sousa, J. F., Gomes, D. B., Bezerra, A. M., & Cunha, F. M. A. M. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c1
ANÁLISE DE FORMAS DE TRATAMENTO PARA O TRANSTORNO DISFÓRICO PRÉ-MENSTRUAL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Laporte, K. F., Oliveira, D. C., da Silva, A. C. S. A., Rodrigues, D. F. D. C., dos Anjos, D. A., de Oliveira, G. A., & da Silva, A. P. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c5
A PRÁTICA DA FISIOTERAPIA NO PROLÁPSO DE ORGÃOS PÉLVICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Paiva, E. D. S., Filho, J. V. D., de Albuquerque, B. J., Mariano, A. L., Sousa, V. K. D. M., de Souza, D. M. L., Nogueira, M. B. R., Barreto, M. D. S., Gonçalves, F. F. L., & Cunha, F. M. A. M. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c3
MÉTODOS CONTRACEPTIVOS: UMA REVISÃO ABRANGENTE DA LITERATURA
dos Santos, M. N., da Cunha, L. G. M., Silva, L. V. D. L., Flores, G. C., Jaime, H. M., Evangelista, I. C., Moraes, A. L. A., & Barbosa, A. F. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c12
CÂNCER DE MAMA E ESTRATÉGIAS PARA UM DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
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EXAME CITOPATOLÓGICO COMO FORMA DE RASTREAMENTO DO CÂNCER DO COLO DE ÚTERO
Gomes, J. P. D. L., Gomes, K. P. D. L., Barros, M. C. D. S., de Araujo, G. M., Coelho, E. L. D. H., Freitas, T. S. D. S., Luiz, L. M. S., Motta, L. S. V., da Silva, Y. V. N., & da Silva, T. D. P. S. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c10
CERCLAGEM UTERINA COMO MÉTODO PREVENTIVO DO PARTO PREMATURO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
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ATUAÇÃO MULTIDISCIPLINAR EM MULHERES COM LOMBALGIA DEVIDO AO AUMENTO DO ÚTERO DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ
de Sousa, M. V. A., Muniz, K. L., Muniz, K. L., Sousa, S. G., de Oliveira, V. B., Sales, P. L. P., dos Santos, N. C., Souza, W. R. D. S., Fé, J. A. D. M. M., de Almeida, S. A., et al. (2023) · doi:10.56161/sci.ed.20230917c13
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Panigrahi, S. K., Priyadarshini, V., Pradhan, S., & Behera, S. (2026) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.168615.1
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Liao, Y., Shi, Y., Pang, X., Yang, Y., Chen, X., Tang, Z., Xie, P., & Cao, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1924352
“In addition, early-life developmental exposures such as low birth weight and in-utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure have been associated with long-term susceptibility to EMs (42, 43).”
Nagy, S., Busznyák, C., Dézsi, C., Gulyás-Oldal, V., Paschali, E., Sallai, D., Gálóczi, I., & Szili, K. (2026) · Frontiers in Reproductive Health · doi:10.3389/frph.2026.1943184
- Authors
- Ottolina, J., Schimberni, M., Makieva, S., Bartiromo, L., Fazia, T., Bernardinelli, L., Viganò, P., Candiani, M., & Gentilini, D.
- Affiliations
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele (IT)
- University of Pavia (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Ottolina, Jessica
- ORCID
- Venue
- Reproductive BioMedicine Online
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 279-289
- ISSN
- 1472-6483 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3024766212
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Reproductive BioMedicine Online (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- endometriosis, early life risk factors, prenatal exposure, preterm birth, low birth weight, bottle feeding, diethylstilbestrol, neonatal exposure, endometriosis risk
- MeSH terms
- Birth Weight, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors
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