Cited by 16Trace Elements in HealthLiver physiology and pathologyLiver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

ZnR/GPR39 regulates hepatic insulin signaling, tunes liver bioenergetics and ROS production, and mitigates liver fibrosis and injury

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Shendge, Anil Khushalrao, Sekler, Israel, Hershfinkel, Michal·2024·Redox Biology

Abstract

Adequate supply of zinc is essential for hepatic function and its deficiency is associated with acute liver injury (ALI) and chronic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, how zinc controls hepatic function is unknown. We found that the zinc sensitive ZnR/GPR39, a mediator of zinc signaling, enhances hepatic phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which is reduced in ZnR/GPR39 deficient livers. Surprisingly, livers from ZnR/GPR39 knockout (KO) mice exhibited elevated insulin receptor expression and downstream AKT activation. Moreover, ZnR/GPR39 KO mice had higher blood fasting glucose level, pronounced hepatic lipid accumulation, increased hepatocyte oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. These data suggest that ZnR/GPR39 modulates insulin receptor signaling, a major pathway in hepatic metabolism. Associated with the impaired signaling, ZnR/GPR39 KO livers exhibited increased tissue fibrosis, manifested by marked elevation of collagen expression, compared to wildtype (WT). Additionally, we found alteration of hepatocyte junctional proteins that was accompanied by increased macrophage infiltration and higher liver inflammation in ZnR/GPR39 KO mice. To determine the role of ZnR/GPR39 in ALI, we applied a mild LPS challenge that induced profound decrease in hepatic OCR, also leading to higher ROS generation in ZnR/GPR39 KO hepatocytes, but not in WT. We further found increased serum IL-2 and AST/ALT ratio only in ZnR/GPR39 KO mice. Our findings reveal a role of ZnR/GPR39 in controlling hepatic insulin receptor signaling and mitigating liver fibrosis and inflammation, thus underscoring the important role of ZnR/GPR39 in liver signaling and function.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103403

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  • Metal ion-based loading of proteases effectively addressed the challenge of insufficient enzyme activity in the lesion area due to depletion of metal ions such as zinc ions.

    “Simultaneously, the metal ion–based loading of proteases effectively addressed the challenge of insufficient enzyme activity in the lesion area due to the depletion of metal ions (such as zinc ions) (45, 46).”

    From Matrix mechanical remodeled carrier-free nanosystem for programmable closed-loop reversal of liver fibrosis via STING alkylation (2025) · cites this paper as [46]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) discusses zinc deficiency and impaired liver function, but not protease loading or enzyme activity at a lesion. Searches for metal-ion-based protease loading and zinc-depletion-related protease activity found no passage addressing the claimed intervention. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Authors
Shendge, A. K., Sekler, I., & Hershfinkel, M.
Affiliations
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
Corresponding author
  • Shendge, Anil Khushalrao
  • Hershfinkel, Michal
Venue
Redox Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2024-12
Volume
78
Pages
103403
ISSN
2213-2317 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4403522674
Cited by
16
References
89
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 8
FWCI
4.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Redox Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • SSRN Electronic Journal (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Israel Science Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords
zinc signaling, hepatic insulin signaling, insulin receptor, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, Akt activation, liver fibrosis, liver injury, reactive oxygen species, oxygen consumption rate, hepatic lipid accumulation, liver inflammation, macrophage infiltration, lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, zinc deficiency
MeSH terms
Animals, Energy Metabolism, Insulin, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Mice, Knockout, Hepatocytes, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Mice

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