The blood-brain barrier: Connecting the gut and the brain

FINE STRUCTURAL LOCALIZATION OF A BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER TO EXOGENOUS PEROXIDASE

Reese, T. S., & Karnovsky, M. J. (1967) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.34.1.207 · Cited by 2,629

Adiponectin, an Adipocyte-Derived Plasma Protein, Inhibits Endothelial NF-κB Signaling Through a cAMP-Dependent Pathway

Ouchi, N., Kihara, S., Arita, Y., Okamoto, Y., Maeda, K., Kuriyama, H., Hotta, K., Nishida, M., Takahashi, M., Muraguchi, M., et al. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.102.11.1296 · Cited by 1,730

Leptin enters the brain by a saturable system independent of insulin

Banks, W. A., Kastin, A. J., Huang, W., Jaspan, J. B., & Maness, L. M. (1996) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/0196-9781(96)00025-3 · Cited by 1,222

Ghrelin controls hippocampal spine synapse density and memory performance

Diano, S., Farr, S. A., Benoit, S. C., McNay, E. C., da Silva, I., Horvath, B., Gaskin, F. S., Nonaka, N., Jaeger, L. B., Banks, W. A., et al. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1656 · Cited by 828

Adiponectin acts in the brain to decrease body weight

Qi, Y., Takahashi, N., Hileman, S. M., Patel, H. R., Berg, A. H., Pajvani, U. B., Scherer, P. E., & Ahima, R. S. (2004) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1029 · Cited by 809

Cytokine-induced sickness behavior

Kelley, K. W., Bluthé, R.-M., Dantzer, R., Zhou, J.-H., Shen, W.-H., Johnson, R. W., & Broussard, S. R. (2003) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/s0889-1591(02)00077-6 · Cited by 716

Extent and direction of ghrelin transport across the blood-brain barrier is determined by its unique primary structure

Banks, W. A., Tschöp, M., Robinson, S. M., & Heiman, M. L. (2002) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.102.034827 · Cited by 691

Adiponectin: A Novel Adipokine Linking Adipocytes and Vascular Function

Goldstein, B. J., & Scalia, R. G. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-0518 · Cited by 647

Cytokine-to-brain communication: A review & analysis of alternative mechanisms

Watkins, L. R., Maier, S. F., & Goehler, L. E. (1995) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(95)02047-m · Cited by 597

Physiology of the CSF and Blood-Brain Barriers

Davson, H., & Segal, M. B. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 582

Adiponectin gene expression and secretion is inhibited by interleukin-6 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Faßhauer, M., Kralisch, S., Klier, M., Lössner, U., Blüher, M., Klein, J. C., & Paschke, R. (2003) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00090-1 · Cited by 538

Triglycerides Induce Leptin Resistance at the Blood-Brain Barrier

Banks, W. A., Coon, A. B., Robinson, S. M., Moinuddin, A., Shultz, J. M., Nakaoke, R., & Morley, J. E. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.5.1253 · Cited by 512

The Neuroendocrinology of Thirst and Salt Appetite: Visceral Sensory Signals and Mechanisms of Central Integration

Johnson, A. K., & Thunhorst, R. L. (1997) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1006/frne.1997.0153 · Cited by 463

Evidence That the Caudal Brainstem Is a Target for the Inhibitory Effect of Leptin on Food Intake

Grill, H. J., Schwartz, M. W., Kaplan, J. M., Foxhall, J. S., Breininger, J., & Baskin, D. G. (2002) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.143.1.8589 · Cited by 395

Differential Permeability of the Blood–Brain Barrier to Two Pancreatic Peptides: Insulin and Amylin

Banks, W. A., & Kastin, A. J. (1998) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(98)00018-7 · Cited by 340

Impaired transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier in obesity☆

Banks, W. A., DiPalma, C., & Farrell, C. L. (1999) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(99)00139-4 · Cited by 334

Insulin and the Blood-Brain Barrier

Woods, S. C., Seeley, R. J., Baskin, D. G., & Schwartz, M. W. (2003) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612033455323 · Cited by 321

Transport of Insulin Across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Saturability at Euglycemic Doses of Insulin

Banks, W. A., Jaspan, J. B., Huang, W., & Kastin, A. J. (1997) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(97)00231-3 · Cited by 318

Release of cytokines by brain endothelial cells: A polarized response to lipopolysaccharide

Verma, S., Nakaoke, R., Dohgu, S., & Banks, W. A. (2005) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2005.10.005 · Cited by 275

Effect of LPS on the permeability of the blood–brain barrier to insulin

Xaio, H., Banks, W. A., Niehoff, M. L., & Morley, J. E. (2001) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03247-9 · Cited by 231

Fate of Cerebrospinal Fluid‐Borne Amyloid β‐Peptide: Rapid Clearance into Blood and Appreciable Accumulation by Cerebral Arteries

Ghersi‐Egea, J. ‐., Gorevic, P. D., Ghiso, J., Frangione, B., Patlak, C. S., & Fenstermacher, J. D. (1996) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67020880.x · Cited by 222

Adiponectin Does Not Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier but Modifies Cytokine Expression of Brain Endothelial Cells

Spranger, J., Verma, S., Göhring, I., Bobbert, T., Seifert, J., Sindler, A. L., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Hileman, S. M., Tschöp, M. H., & Banks, W. A. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.55.01.06.db05-1077 · Cited by 220

Selective, Physiological Transport of Insulin Across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Novel Demonstration by Species-Specific Radioimmunoassays

Banks, W. A., Jaspan, J. B., & Kastin, A. J. (1997) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(97)00198-8 · Cited by 219

Globular adiponectin upregulates nitric oxide production in vascular endothelial cells

Hattori, Y., Suzuki, M., Hattori, S., & Kasai, K. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1224-3 · Cited by 210

Partial saturation and regional variation in the blood-to-brain transport of leptin in normal weight mice

Banks, W. A., Clever, C. M., & Farrell, C. L. (2000) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.6.e1158 · Cited by 170

Peering through the Windows of the Brain

Gross, P. M., Weindl, A., & Knigge, K. M. (1987) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1987.120 · Cited by 152

Brain endothelial cell production of a neuroprotective cytokine, interleukin-6, in response to noxious stimuli

Reyes, T. M., Fábry, Z., & Coe, C. L. (1999) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02189-7 · Cited by 140

Pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release by human brain microvascular endothelial cells stimulated by Streptococcus suis serotype 2

Vadeboncoeur, N., Segura, M., Al-Numani, D., Vanier, G., & Gottschalk, M. G. (2003) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2003.tb00648.x · Cited by 127

Glycemic and nonglycemic effects of insulin: how do they contribute to a better outcome of critical illness?

Vanhorebeek, I., Langouche, L., & den Berghe, G. V. (2005) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/01.ccx.0000170506.61281.94 · Cited by 124

The satiety effect of cholecystokinin: A progress report

Smith, G. P., Gibbs, J., Jerome, C., Pi-Sunyer, X., Kissileff, H. R., & Thornton, J. (1981) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/0196-9781(81)90011-5 · Cited by 121

Amylin potently activates AP neurons possibly via formation of the excitatory second messenger cGMP

Riediger, T., SCHMID, H. A., Lutz, T. A., & Simón, E. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.6.r1833 · Cited by 119

The glossopharyngeal nerve as a novel pathway in immune-to-brain communication: relevance to neuroimmune surveillance of the oral cavity

Romeo, H. E., Tio, D. L., Rahman, S. U., Chiappelli, F., & Taylor, A. N. (2001) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00270-3 · Cited by 115

Is Obesity a Disease of the Blood-Brain Barrier? Physiological, Pathological, and Evolutionary Considerations

Banks, W. A. (2003) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612033455350 · Cited by 101

Secretin-like bioactivity in extracts of porcine brain

Mutt, V., Carlquist, M., & Tatemoto, K. (1979) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(79)90472-7 · Cited by 87

Glucose and Insulin Increase the Transport of Leptin through the Blood-Brain Barrier in Normal Mice but Not in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Mice

Kastin, A. J., & Akerstrom, V. L. (2001) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000054640 · Cited by 85

Cerebral Endothelial Cells are a Major Source of Adrenomedullin

Kis, B., Kaiya, H., Nishi, R., Deli, M. A., Ábrahám, C. S., Yanagita, T., Isse, T., Gotoh, S., Kobayashi, H., Wada, A., et al. (2002) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00778.x · Cited by 76

HIV-1-induced production of endothelin-1 in an in vitro model of the human blood???brain barrier

Didier, N., Banks, W. A., ́minon, C. C., Dereuddre‐Bosquet, N., & Mabondzo, A. M. (2002) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200207020-00022 · Cited by 56

Intraventricular insulin reduces food intake and body weight of marmots during the summer feeding period

Florant, G. L., Singer, L. K., Scheurink, A. J. W., Park, C. R., Richardson, R. D., & Woods, S. C. (1991) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(91)90053-q · Cited by 54

Serum Leptin Levels in Wild and Captive Populations of Baboons (Papio): Implications for the Ancestral Role of Leptin

Banks, W. A., Phillips‐Conroy, J. E., Jolly, C. J., & Morley, J. E. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.9.7874 · Cited by 52

Physiological Consequences of the Passage of Peptides Across the Blood-Brain Barrier

Banks, W. A., & Kastin, A. J. (1993) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro.1993.4.4.365 · Cited by 49

Insulin Production Following Injury and Sepsis

Dahn, M. S., LANGE, M. P., MITCHELL, R. A., Lobdell, K. W., & Wilson, R. F. (1987) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/00005373-198709000-00013 · Cited by 40

Anorectic effects of amylin in rats over the life span

Morley, J. E., Morley, P. M. K., & Flood, J. F. (1993) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(93)90169-t · Cited by 37

On the stimulation by insulin of tryptophan transport across the blood-brain barrier.

Cangiano, C., Cardelli‐Cangiano, P., Cascino, A., Ma, P., Barberini, F., Fanelli, F. R., Capocaccia, L., & Ström, R. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 33

Nitric oxide production and MDR expression by human brain endothelial cells.

Mándi, Y., Ocsovszki, I., Szabó, D., Nagy, Z., Nelson, J. A., & Molnar, J. A. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 33

Insulin action on brain microvessels; Effect on alkaline phosphatase

Catalán, R. E., Martı́nez, A. M., Aragonés, M. D., Miguel, B. G., & Robles, A. (1988) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(88)90433-0 · Cited by 32

Modulation of rat brain insulin receptor kinase activity in diabetes

GUPTA, G., AZAM, M., & Baquer, N. Z. (1992) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90027-o · Cited by 27

Blood-brain barrier passage of azidothymidine in rats: effect of insulin.

Ayre, S. G., Skaletski, B., & Mosnaim, A. D. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 18

Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour

Cryan, J. F., & Dinan, T. G. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3346 · Cited by 4,572

Intranasal delivery of biologics to the central nervous system

Lochhead, J. J., & Thorne, R. G. (2012) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2011.11.002 · Cited by 1,214

Anxiety, depression, and the microbiome: A role for gut peptides

Lach, G., Schellekens, H., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2018) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-017-0585-0 · Cited by 573

Microbes and mental health: A review

Rieder, R., Wisniewski, P. J., Alderman, B. L., & Campbell, S. C. (2017) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.016 · Cited by 446

The role of gut and genital microbiota and the estrobolome in endometriosis, infertility and chronic pelvic pain

Salliss, M. E., Farland, L. V., Mahnert, N. D., & Herbst‐Kralovetz, M. M. (2021) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmab035 · Cited by 298

Ingestive Peptides and the Blood–Brain Barrier

Banks, W. A., Nakaoke, R., Urayama, A., & Vo, T. Q. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012369442-3/50206-3

Blood–Brain Barrier and Energy Balance

Banks, W. A. (2006) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2006.315 · Cited by 64

Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Communication between the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Tissues

Banks, W. A. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012639011-7/50012-7 · Cited by 1

The blood–brain barrier as a regulatory interface in the gut–brain axes

Banks, W. A. (2006) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.07.004 · Cited by 84

Passage of peptides across the blood-brain barrier: Pathophysiological perspectives

Banks, W. A., & Kastin, A. J. (1996) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(96)00380-3 · Cited by 120