Cited by 310Structural Health Monitoring TechniquesMachine Fault Diagnosis TechniquesWind Energy Research and Development

Structural health monitoring of offshore wind turbines: A review through the Statistical Pattern Recognition Paradigm

Open access
Martinez-Luengo, Maria, Kolios, Athanasios, Wang, Lin·2016·Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Abstract

Offshore Wind has become the most profitable renewable energy source due to the remarkable development it has experienced in Europe over the last decade. In this paper, a review of Structural Health Monitoring Systems (SHMS) for offshore wind turbines (OWT) has been carried out considering the topic as a Statistical Pattern Recognition problem. Therefore, each one of the stages of this paradigm has been reviewed focusing on OWT application. These stages are: Operational Evaluation; Data Acquisition, Normalization and Cleansing; Feature Extraction and Information Condensation; and Statistical Model Development. It is expected that optimizing each stage, SHMS can contribute to the development of efficient Condition-Based Maintenance Strategies. Optimizing this strategy will help reduce labor costs of OWTs׳ inspection, avoid unnecessary maintenance, identify design weaknesses before failure, improve the availability of power production while preventing wind turbines׳ overloading, therefore, maximizing the investments׳ return. In the forthcoming years, a growing interest in SHM technologies for OWT is expected, enhancing the potential of offshore wind farm deployments further offshore. Increasing efficiency in operational management will contribute towards achieving UK׳s 2020 and 2050 targets, through ultimately reducing the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE).

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.rser.2016.05.085

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199 of 199 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • High wind conditions have a complex effect on dynamic structural properties.

    “Studies found that high wind conditions have a complex effect on dynamic structural properties [129,175-177].”

    From Effects of Environmental and Operational Conditions on Structural Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Testing: A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [129]

    Section 3.2 (page unavailable) says variations in environmental and operational conditions affect structural dynamic behavior and can alter measured properties. Section 2.2.4 (page unavailable) also describes uncertainty from wind and wave loading, but the copy does not specifically establish the effect of high wind conditions on dynamic structural properties. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Marine growth adversely affects offshore structures by roughening surfaces, increasing drag coefficient, and causing changing mass loads.

    “Offshore structures are known to be adversely affected by marine growth.The roughened surfaces can increase the drag coefficient of the structure.Moreover, this phenomenon causes changing mass loads to the structures.Therefore, this challenge should be considered in SHM systems of marine structures [129].”

    From Effects of Environmental and Operational Conditions on Structural Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Testing: A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [129]

    Section 2.1, “History and evolution” (page unavailable), identifies changing mass caused by marine growth as a practical difficulty in monitoring offshore platforms. The passages found do not say that marine growth roughens surfaces or increases drag coefficient, so those attributed effects are unsupported by our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Cites

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Authors
Martinez-Luengo, M., Kolios, A., & Wang, L.
Affiliations
Cranfield University (GB)
Corresponding author
Kolios, Athanasios
Venue
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-10
Volume
64
Pages
91-105
ISSN
1364-0321 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2410800439
Cited by
310
References
199
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 3
FWCI
23.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (submittedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • CERES (Cranfield University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L016303/1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Structural Health Monitoring Techniques
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Wind Energy Research and Development
Keywords
structural health monitoring, offshore wind turbines, statistical pattern recognition, condition-based maintenance, feature extraction, operational evaluation, wind turbine inspection, levelized cost of electricity

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