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Cited by 186Energy Efficiency and ManagementRenewable energy and sustainable power systemsEnvironmental Policies and Emissions

Reducing industrial energy demand in the UK: A review of energy efficiency technologies and energy saving potential in selected sectors

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Chowdhury, Jahedul Islam, Hu, Yukun, Haltas, Ismail, Balta-Ozkan, Nazmiye, Matthew, George Jr., Varga, Liz·2018·Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.040
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Abstract

Currently UK industrial and manufacturing sectors are facing dual challenges of contributing to national 80% reduction targets in CO 2 emissions by 2050 (compared to 1990 levels) and improving economic competitiveness in the face of low cost imports. Since energy consumption is the main source of CO 2 emissions and directly related to products being manufactured, improving energy efficiency in energy intensive sectors is key to achieve CO 2 targets. Energy consumption is unlikely to meet the targets unless energy efficiency opportunities and technologies are fully explored and timely changes are made to business models and policies This study explores potential energy efficiency improvements from three perspectives: system efficiency of steam networks, waste heat recovery technologies and bioenergy/waste utilisation. Two UK energy-intensive sectors, iron and steel, and food and drink, are selected for analysis and discussion. Potential business models for energy efficiency are also reviewed as there are now a variety of energy service companies who can support adoption of appropriate technologies. Furthermore, drivers and barriers to the adoption of energy efficiency technologies are considered in this paper revealing the factors affecting the diffusion of energy efficient and waste heat recovery technologies and their interactions and interdependencies to energy consumptions. Findings show that it is possible to achieve energy consumption reduction in excess of 15% from a technical point of view, however improving energy efficiency in UK industry has been hindered due to some inter-related technical, economic, regulatory and social barriers. The findings help to demonstrate the significant potential for energy efficiency improvement in two industrial sectors, as well as showing the specific types of technologies relevant for different sectoral processes. The range of business models show opportunities for implementation and for developing innovative business models, addressing barriers, and using enablers to accelerate the diffusion of energy efficiency technologies in UK industry.

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  • Chowdhury et al. identified key areas where Digital Twins could drive efficiency gains, including optimizing steam network systems, improving waste heat recovery technologies, and integrating bioenergy solutions.

    “Their research identified key areas where Digital Twins could drive efficiency gains, including optimizing steam network systems, improving waste heat recovery technologies, and integrating bioenergy solutions.”

    From Analysis of Digital Twin Applications in Energy Efficiency: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [33]

    The Introduction identifies steam-system efficiency, waste-heat recovery, and bioenergy/waste utilisation as areas with potential to reduce industrial energy use and emissions. Section 2.1 also discusses improving steam-system efficiency. The passages do not identify these as opportunities for Digital Twins; searches for Digital Twins and related modelling terms did not establish that link. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Implementing heat recovery solutions could lead to substantial energy savings.

    “Their findings underscored that steamrelated inefficiencies account for a significant portion of energy losses in industrial settings, and that implementing heat recovery solutions could lead to substantial energy savings.”

    From Analysis of Digital Twin Applications in Energy Efficiency: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [33]

  • One of the most effective solutions to mitigate steam-related losses is the implementation of steam and heat recovery technologies.

    “One of the most effective solutions to mitigate these losses is the implementation of steam and heat recovery technologies [33].”

    From Analysis of Digital Twin Applications in Energy Efficiency: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [33]

  • Steam-related inefficiencies account for a significant portion of energy losses in industrial settings.

    “Their findings underscored that steamrelated inefficiencies account for a significant portion of energy losses in industrial settings, and that implementing heat recovery solutions could lead to substantial energy savings.”

    From Analysis of Digital Twin Applications in Energy Efficiency: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [33]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Chowdhury, J. I., Hu, Y., Haltas, I., Balta-Ozkan, N., Matthew, G. J., & Varga, L.
Affiliations
Cranfield University (GB)
Corresponding author
Hu, Yukun
ORCID
Venue
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-10
Volume
94
Pages
1153-1178
ISSN
1364-0321 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.040
OpenAlex
W2883770528
Cited by
186
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 2
FWCI
4.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • CERES (Cranfield University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
EPSRC (EP/P004636/1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Energy Efficiency and Management
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Renewable energy and sustainable power systems
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Environmental Policies and Emissions
Keywords
industrial energy efficiency, energy demand reduction, CO2 emission reduction targets, steam network, waste heat recovery, bioenergy, waste utilization, iron and steel industry, food and beverage industry, energy service companies, business models, technology diffusion, barriers to adoption, energy-intensive industries, British industry

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