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Cited by 38Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchVeterinary Medicine and SurgeryComparative Animal Anatomy Studies

Oral health correlates of captivity

Open access
Kapoor, Varsha, Antonelli, Tyler, Parkinson, Jennifer A., Hartstone-Rose, Adam·2016·Research in Veterinary Science
DOI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.009
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Abstract

The predominant diet fed to captive carnivores in North America consists of ground meat formulated to provide full nutritional requirements. However, this ground meat diet completely lacks the mechanical properties (i.e., toughness and hardness) of the foods these animals would consume in the wild. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of captivity on oral health by comparing the prevalence of periodontal disease and dental calculus accumulation in wild and captive lions and tigers (Panthera leo and Panthera tigris), and to also correlate oral health with cranial morphology in these specimens. To achieve this, 34 adult lion and 29 adult tiger skulls were scored for the presence and extent of dental calculus and periodontal disease. These oral health scores were also compared to cranial deformations examined in a previous study. We found that the occurrence and severity of calculus buildup and periodontal disease was significantly higher in captive felids compared to their wild counterparts. Further, higher calculus accumulation occurred on the posterior teeth when compared to the anterior teeth, while an opposite trend for periodontal disease was observed. We also found a significant correlation between oral health and cranial morphology of lions and tigers. The results suggest that food mechanical properties are significant factors contributing to oral health in felids.

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  • Periodontal disease among captive animals was reversed when their diets were increased in texture to provide masticatory challenge to dentogingival surfaces and alleviate plaque formation.

    “Interestingly, periodontal disease among captive animals was reversed when their diets were increased in texture to provide masticatory challenge to dentogingival surfaces and alleviate plaque formation.”

    From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [264]

  • Wild animals have superior oral health status to animals living in captivity because of the absence of masticatory challenge among foods given to domestic and captive animals.

    “Wild animals have an oral health status superior to that of animals living in captivity because of the absence of masticatory challenge among foods given to domestic and captive animals.”

    From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [264]

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Authors
Kapoor, V., Antonelli, T., Parkinson, J. A., & Hartstone-Rose, A.
Affiliations
  • Medical University of South Carolina (US)
  • University of South Carolina (US)
  • University of San Diego (US)
ORCID
Venue
Research in Veterinary Science
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-08
Volume
107
Pages
213-219
ISSN
0034-5288 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.009
OpenAlex
W2436603700
Cited by
38
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4
FWCI
4.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Research in Veterinary Science (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Cleveland Zoological Society
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
Keywords
captive carnivores, oral health, periodontal disease, dental calculus, lion, tiger, Panthera, skull morphology, food mechanical properties, wild versus captive animals, tooth position
MeSH terms
Animals, Animals, Zoo, Dental Calculus, Diet, Lions, Oral Health, Periodontal Diseases, Tigers

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