The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Norms and standardization of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS)
Abstract
According to the recommendations of the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Neurocognition Committee, one of the desired characteristics of a cognitive battery for assessing cognition in schizophrenia studies and clinical trials is the availability of normative data. This report describes normative data collected on the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) from 404 healthy controls with demographic characteristics matching the 2005 United States Census of English-speakers. The six test measures demonstrated the expected pattern of correlations with age, gender, and education. Individual test scores were converted into standardized (T and z) scores and composite scores that were corrected for age and gender. An education-correction factor was calculated and recommended only for non-schizophrenia patients. Eight different verbal memory tests were found to have equivalent levels of difficulty.
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Keefe, R. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2003.09.011 · Cited by 1,573
Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised
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Self-citationXiangling, L. (1999) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004484696_008 · Cited by 354
Keefe, R. S. E., Sweeney, J. A., Gu, H., Hamer, R. M., Perkins, D. O., McEvoy, J. P., & Lieberman, J. A. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.7.1061 · Cited by 280
Self-citationNuisance variables and the ex post facto design
Meehl, P. E. (1970) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) · Cited by 241
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Jaeger, J. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000941 · Cited by 836
Hill, S. K., Reilly, J. L., Keefe, R. S. E., Gold, J. M., Bishop, J. R., Gershon, E. S., Tamminga, C. A., Pearlson, G. D., Keshavan, M. S., & Sweeney, J. A. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12101298 · Cited by 354
“Composite scores anchored to B-SNIP controls and Keefe norms (44) were highly correlated (r values, >0.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationBowie, C. R., McGurk, S. R., Mausbach, B., Patterson, T. L., & Harvey, P. D. (2012) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11091337 · Cited by 312
Self-citationThe assessment of neuropsychological functioning in schizophrenia
Reichenberg, A. (2010) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2010.12.3/areichenberg · Cited by 278
“The battery takes approximately 30 minutes to administer, has alternate forms, established reliability and validity, and available normative data.(81) Other abbreviated test batteries are also available with normative data (eg, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(82,83); CogState,(84) a…”
Effect of second-generation antipsychotics on cognition: current issues and future challenges
Hill, S. K., Bishop, J. R., Palumbo, D. R., & Sweeney, J. A. (2009) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.09.143 · Cited by 236
Metadata
- Authors
- KEEFE, R., HARVEY, P., GOLDBERG, T., GOLD, J., WALKER, T., KENNEL, C., & HAWKINS, K.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Zucker Hillside Hospital (US)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- KEEFE, R
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 108-115
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018927895
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, BACS
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Cognition Disorders, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Reference Values, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Control Groups, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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