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Biochar affects the dissolved and colloidal concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn and their phytoavailability and potential mobility in a mining soil under dynamic redox-conditions
Abstract
There is a lack of knowledge on the effects of biochar (BC) on the release dynamics of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different phases of soil under systematic change of redox potential (E H). We aimed to elucidate the impact of pre-definite E H on the release dynamics of dissolved and colloidal concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn as well as their phytoavailability and potential mobility in the solid-phase of a mining soil treated with rice hull biochar (S+BC) compared to non-treated soil (S). The influence of E H-dependent changes of soil pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved aromatic carbon (DAC), Fe, Mn, SO 42-, and Cl- on the elements release was also determined. The experiment was conducted stepwise from reducing (-30mV in S and -12mV in S+BC) to oxidizing (+218mV in S and +333mV in S+BC) conditions using an automated biogeochemical microcosm system. Biochar-treated soil exhibited a wider range of E H and a lower pH than the non-treated soil. Dissolved concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, SO 42-, and DAC increased under oxic conditions in the non-treated and biochar-treated-soils, which might be due to the decline of pH, and/or sulfide oxidation. Cadmium was more abundant in the colloidal fraction, while Cu, Mn, and DOC were more abundant in the dissolved fraction. Nickel, Zn, and Fe distributed almost equally in both fractions. Biochar increased the dissolved concentration of Cd, Ni, Zn and in particular Cu under oxic conditions. However, the biochar did not significantly affect the colloidal fraction of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn. The phytoavailability of the studied elements was higher than the potential mobility. We conclude that increasing the dissolved concentrations of the elements under oxic conditions might increase their release and transfer into the groundwater and the food chain which should be harmful for the environment.
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“Distribution of PTEs among geochemical fractions and species in soils is governed by multiple factors such as (i) mineral precipitation-dissolution, (ii) ion exchange and adsorption-desorption, (iii) complexation, (iv) pH and redox conditions, (v) biological (im) mobilization and transformation, and (vi) plant uptake and leaching (El-Naggar et al., 2019;El-Naggar et al., 2018).”
From Soil amendments for immobilization of potentially toxic elements in contaminated soils: A critical review (2020) · cites this paper as El-Naggar et al., 2018
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Metadata
- Authors
- El-Naggar, A., Shaheen, S. M., Ok, Y. S., & Rinklebe, J.
- Affiliations
- Kafrelsheikh University (EG)
- Korea University (KR)
- University of Wuppertal (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Ok, Yong Sik
- Rinklebe, Jörg
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-05
- Volume
- 624
- Pages
- 1059-1071
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2781185588
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 20
- FWCI
- 10.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2015R1A2A2A11001432)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
- Keywords
- biochar, rice husk biochar, redox conditions, potentially toxic elements, cadmium, copper, nickel, zinc, colloidal fraction, dissolved fraction, phytoavailability, element mobility, mine soils, sulfide oxidation, soil pH, dissolved organic carbon, groundwater contamination
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