Thermal hydrolyzed food waste liquor as liquid organic fertilizer
Abstract
Thermal hydrolysis (TH) is an efficient technology for food waste (FW) management. This study investigated the nutrients released from FW under various TH temperature (140, 160, 180, 200 and 220 °C) and evaluated the feasibility of the hydrolyzed liquor (HL) as liquid organic fertilizer. The phytotoxicity and biotoxicity of HL was analyzed using wheat seed and Pseudomonas putida. Results revealed that TH could effectively solubilize FW and release nutrients (N, P and K) and organic substances. The highest content of total nitrogen (TN, 1685 mgN/L) and phosphorus (TP, 235 mgP/L) in the HL was obtained under 180 °C. The K+ was 278-293 mg/L regardless of treatment temperature. Secondary nutrients (Ca and Mg) and micro metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Co and Mn) were all detected at relatively high level, while heavy metals (As and Cd) were generally lower than 0.5 mg/L. Twenty types of free amino acid were identified and the maximum total concentration was 4965.13 mg/L. 2% HL displayed higher germination index (>80%) and enhanced root and shoot lengths. No biotoxicity was observed as confirmed by the bioassay. This study proposes a feasible method to solubilize food waste and produce liquid organic fertilizer.
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The micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Co and Mn) of biofertilizer were significantly improved with higher nitrogen (1685 mgN/L) and phosphorous (235 mgP/L) content, with potassium content unchanged at 180 °C of thermal treatments.
“The micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Co and Mn) of the biofertilizer were significantly improved with higher nitrogen (1685 mgN/L) and phosphorous (235 mgP/L) content with potassium content unchanged at a 180 °C of thermal treatments [123].”
From Food Waste Biorefinery: Pathway towards Circular Bioeconomy (2021) · cites this paper as [123]
Thermal hydrolysis of food waste produced liquid organic fertilizer by removing biotoxicity and phytotoxicity of the liquid fertilizer.
“Thermal hydrolysis of food waste produced liquid organic fertilizer by removing the biotoxicity and phytotoxicity of the liquid fertilizer [123].”
From Food Waste Biorefinery: Pathway towards Circular Bioeconomy (2021) · cites this paper as [123]
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Food Waste Biorefinery: Pathway towards Circular Bioeconomy
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- Authors
- Gao, S., Lu, D., Qian, T., & Zhou, Y.
- Affiliations
- Nanyang Technological University (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Zhou, Yan
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-06
- Volume
- 775
- Pages
- 145786
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3129896570
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 4.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Phosphorus and nutrient management
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Keywords
- thermal hydrolysis, food waste, liquid organic fertilizer, nutrient release, hydrolysis temperature, phytotoxicity, biotoxicity, free amino acids, heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, wheat seed germination
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