Cited by 118Microplastics and Plastic PollutionTurtle Biology and ConservationMarine and Coastal Ecosystems

Plastic contamination of a Galapagos Island (Ecuador) and the relative risks to native marine species

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Jones, Jen S., Porter, Adam, Muñoz-Pérez, Juan Pablo, Alarcón-Ruales, Daniela, Galloway, Tamara S., Godley, Brendan J., Santillo, David, Vagg, Jessica +1 more·2021·Science of The Total Environment

Abstract

Ecuador's Galapagos Islands and their unique biodiversity are a global conservation priority. We explored the presence, composition and environmental drivers of plastic contamination across the marine ecosystem at an island scale, investigated uptake in marine invertebrates and designed a systematic priority scoring analysis to identify the most vulnerable vertebrate species. Beach contamination varied by site (macroplastic 0–0.66 items·m−2, microplastics 0–448.8 particles·m−2 or 0–74.6 particles·kg−1), with high plastic accumulation on east-facing beaches that are influenced by the Humboldt Current. Local littering and waste management leakages accounted for just 2% of macroplastic. Microplastics (including anthropogenic cellulosics) were ubiquitous but in low concentrations in benthic sediments (6.7–86.7 particles·kg−1) and surface seawater (0.04–0.89 particles·m−3), with elevated concentrations in the harbour suggesting some local input. Microplastics were present in all seven marine invertebrate species examined, found in 52% of individuals (n = 123) confirming uptake of microplastics in the Galapagos marine food web. Priority scoring analysis combining species distribution information, IUCN Red List conservation status and literature evidence of harm from entanglement and ingestion of plastics in similar species identified 27 marine vertebrates in need of urgent, targeted monitoring and mitigation including pinnipeds, seabirds, turtles and sharks.

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  1. Edgar, G.J., et al., 2004b. Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro- invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago. J. Biogeogr. 31 (7), 1107-1124. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01055.x. · DOI

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Authors
Jones, J. S., Porter, A., Muñoz-Pérez, J. P., Alarcón-Ruales, D., Galloway, T. S., Godley, B. J., Santillo, D., Vagg, J., & Lewis, C.
Affiliations
University of Exeter (GB)
Corresponding author
Lewis, Ceri
Venue
Science of The Total Environment
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-10
Volume
789
Pages
147704
ISSN
0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3161752573
Cited by
118
References
84
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 6
FWCI
4.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
  • Royal Geographical Society
  • Natural Environment Research Council
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Turtle Biology and Conservation
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Marine and Coastal Ecosystems
Keywords
plastic pollution, microplastics, macroplastics, Galápagos Islands, marine invertebrates, plastic ingestion, entanglement, Humboldt Current, beach litter, benthic sediments, marine food webs, marine vertebrates, pinnipeds, seabirds, sea turtles, sharks, marine conservation
MeSH terms
Ecuador, Environmental Monitoring, Plastics, Risk, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Ecosystem

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