Cited by 313Tryptophan and brain disordersNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAmino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 94 of the 94 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The kynurenine pathway and neurodegenerative disease

Open access

Maddison, Daniel C., Giorgini, Flaviano·2015·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

DOI 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.03.002

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Neuroactive metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation have been closely linked to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid required for protein synthesis, and in higher eukaryotes is also converted into the key neurotransmitters serotonin and tryptamine. However, in mammals >95% of tryptophan is metabolized through the KP, ultimately leading to the production of nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD(+)). A number of the pathway metabolites are neuroactive; e.g. can modulate activity of several glutamate receptors and generate/scavenge free radicals. Imbalances in absolute and relative levels of KP metabolites have been strongly associated with neurodegenerative disorders including Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. The KP has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of other brain disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), as well as several cancers and autoimmune disorders such as HIV. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the KP has been shown to ameliorate neurodegenerative phenotypes in a number of model organisms, suggesting that it could prove to be a viable target for the treatment of such diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the KP, its role in neurodegeneration and the current strategies for therapeutic targeting of the pathway.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.03.002

Cites

94 of 94 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Huntington's disease: from molecular pathogenesis to clinical treatment
Ross, C. A., & Tabrizi, S. J. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70245-3 · Cited by 1,816
Quinolinic Acid: An Endogenous Metabolite That Produces Axon-Sparing Lesions in Rat Brain
Schwarcz, R. M., Whetsell, W. O., & Mangano, R. M. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6849138 · Cited by 1,269
The Brain Metabolite Kynurenic Acid Inhibits α7 Nicotinic Receptor Activity and Increases Non-α7 Nicotinic Receptor Expression: Physiopathological Implications
Hilmas, C. J., Pereira, E. F. R., Alkondon, M., Rassoulpour, A., Schwarcz, R. M., & Albuquerque, E. X. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-19-07463.2001 · Cited by 875
An iontophoretic investigation of the actions of convulsant kynurenines and their interaction with the endogenous excitant quinolinic acid
Perkins, M. N., & Stone, T. W. (1982) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)91048-4 · Cited by 849
Blood–Brain Barrier Transport of Kynurenines: Implications for Brain Synthesis and Metabolism
Fukui, S., Schwarcz, R. M., Rapoport, S. I., Takada, Y., & Smith, Q. R. (1991) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03460.x · Cited by 765
Venezuelan kindreds reveal that genetic and environmental factors modulate Huntington's disease age of onset
The U.S.–Venezuela Collaborative Research Project*, & Wexler, N. S. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0308679101 · Cited by 761
Quinolinic acid: a potent endogenous excitant at amino acid receptors in CNS
Stone, T. W., & Perkins, M. N. (1981) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0014-2999(81)90587-2 · Cited by 751
QUINOLINIC ACID AND KYNURENINE PATHWAY METABOLISM IN INFLAMMATORY AND NON-INFLAMMATORY NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE
Heyes, M. P., Saito, K., Crowley, J. S., DAVIS, L. E., Demitrack, M. A., Der, M. G., Dilling, L. A., Elia, J., Kruesi, M. J. P., Lackner, A. A., et al. (1992) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/115.5.1249 · Cited by 684
A novel pathogenic pathway of immune activation detectable before clinical onset in Huntington's disease
Björkqvist, M., Wild, E. J., Thiele, J., Silvestroni, A., André, R., Lahiri, N., Raibon, E., Lee, R. V., Benn, C., Soulet, D., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20080178 · Cited by 646
Kynurenine pathway metabolism in human astrocytes: a paradox for neuronal protection
Guillemin, G. J., Kerr, S. J., Smythe, G. A., Smith, D. G., Kapoor, V., Armati, P. J., Croitoru‐Lamoury, J., & Brew, B. J. (2001) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00498.x · Cited by 541

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 94 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 313

Quantitation of Neurotoxic Metabolites of the Kynurenine Pathway by Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LDI-MS)
Lahiri, P., Dhaware, D., Singh, A., Panchagnula, V., & Ghosh, D. (2019) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9488-5_11 · Cited by 10
Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase Interacts with Huntingtin at the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane
Swaih, A. M., Breda, C., Sathyasaikumar, K. V., Allcock, N., Collier, M. E. W., Mason, R. P., Feasby, A., Herrera, F., Outeiro, T. F., Schwarcz, R. M., et al. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10092294 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) – Can dendritic cells and monocytes expressing this moonlight enzyme change the phase of Parkinson’s Disease?
Gonçalves, M., Rodrigues‐Santos, P., Januário, C., Cosentino, M., & Pereira, F. C. (2024) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112062 · Cited by 9
A study on the hepatic response to heat stress in Gymnocypris eckloni through an approach combining metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling
Zhou, C., Duan, Y., Li, J., Fu, S., Bai, S., Zhuang, Y., Liu, S., Li, H., Zhou, Y., Wang, Q., et al. (2024) · Aquaculture Reports · doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102392 · Cited by 9
Study on the mechanism of brain injury caused by acute diquat poisoning based on metabolomics
Wang, C., Hu, H. Z., Liu, J., Rong, X., Zhang, J., & Du, Y. (2024) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2024.117161 · Cited by 9
Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review
Prescott, S. M., Billeci, N., Gotcher, M., Sapna Patel, M. C., Almon, A., Morgan, H., Abukhalaf, D., & Groër, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Reproductive Health · doi:10.3389/frph.2024.1453714 · Cited by 9
Nonylphenol Toxicity Evaluation and Discovery of Biomarkers in Rat Urine by a Metabolomics Strategy through HPLC-QTOF-MS
Zhang, Y.-X., Yang, X. H., Zou, P., Du, P., Wang, J., Jin, F., Jin, M., & She, Y. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13050501 · Cited by 9
Assessing and Modulating Kynurenine Pathway Dynamics in Huntington’s Disease: Focus on Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase
Sathyasaikumar, K. V., Breda, C., Schwarcz, R. M., & Giorgini, F. (2018) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7825-0_18 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
11C- and 18F-labelled tryptophans as PET-tracers for imaging of altered tryptophan metabolism in age-associated disorders
Zlatopolskiy, B. D., Endepols, H., Красикова, Р. Н., Fedorova, O. S., Ermert, J., & Neumaier, B. (2020) · Russian Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1070/rcr4954 · Cited by 9
Effects of NAD+ in Caenorhabditis elegans Models of Neuronal Damage
Lee, Y., Jeong, H., Park, K. H., & Kim, K. W. (2020) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom10070993 · Cited by 8
A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies
Mondal, V., Ross-Munro, E., Balasuriya, G. K., Kumari, R., Hossen, M. M., Ageeli, M., Firipis, K., Nisbet, D. R., King, G. F., Williams, R. J., et al. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14120910 · Cited by 11
The microbiota-gut-brain axis in Huntington’s disease: Evidence, mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
Gu, Y., Wang, M., & Mao, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2026.101247 · Cited by 9
Imaging of cerebral tryptophan metabolism using 7-[18F]FTrp-PET in a unilateral Parkinsonian rat model
Endepols, H., Zlatopolskiy, B. D., Zischler, J., Alavinejad, N., Apetz, N., Vus, S., Drzezga, A. E., & Neumaier, B. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118842 · Cited by 8
Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Pathophysiological Mechanism in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Shin, C., & Kim, Y. (2023) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_2 · Cited by 10
Full-length in meso structure and mechanism of rat kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibition
Mimasu, S., Yamagishi, H., Kubo, S., Kiyohara, M., Matsuda, T., Yahata, T., Thomson, H. A., Hupp, C. D., Liu, J. X., Okuda, T., et al. (2021) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-021-01666-5 · Cited by 9
Severe Neuro-COVID is associated with peripheral immune signatures, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration: a prospective cross-sectional studyPreprint
Etter, M. M., Martins, T. A., Kulsvehagen, L., Pössnecker, E., Duchemin, W., Hogan, S. A., Sanabria-Díaz, G., Müller, J., Chiappini, A., Rychen, J., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1385593/v1 · Cited by 8
Behavioral Balance in Tryptophan Turmoil: Regional Metabolic Rewiring in Kynurenine Aminotransferase II Knockout Mice
Szabó, Á., Galla, Z., Spekker, E., Martos, D., Szűcs, M., Fejes-Szabó, A., Fehér, Á., Takeda, K., Ozaki, K., Inoue, H., et al. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14211711 · Cited by 11
Kynurenic Acid, a Small Foodborne Molecule with the Potential to Affect Human Health
Li, Y., Zhang, L., Wu, D., Zhang, Z., Zhou, Y., & Li, J. (2025) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12355 · Cited by 7
Discovery of N-(6-(5-fluoro-2-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanesulfonamide as a brain-permeable and metabolically stable kynurenine monooxygenase inhibitor
Tsuboi, K., Kimura, H., Nakatsuji, Y., Kassai, M., Deai, Y., & Isobe, Y. (2021) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128115 · Cited by 7
Oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases: Exploring natural antioxidants for therapeutic potential
Doke, R. R., Kallur, S., Suryawanshi, A. P., Utarade, A., Kandalkar, P., Morde, R., & Bhagwat, A. A. (2023) · IP International Journal of Comprehensive and Advanced Pharmacology · doi:10.18231/j.ijcaap.2023.026 · Cited by 8
Kynurenines in the Pathogenesis of Peripheral Neuropathy During Leprosy and COVID-19
de Oliveira, J. A. D. P., de Athaide, M. M., Rahman, A. U., Barbosa, M. G. D. M., Jardim, M. M., Moraes, M. O., & Pinheiro, R. O. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.815738 · Cited by 7
A peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based in vitro model: A tool to explore indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1)
Gonçalves, M., Furgiuele, A., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Ferrari, M., Luini, A., Rodrigues‐Santos, P., Caramelo, F. J., Marino, F., Pereira, F. C., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176420 · Cited by 7
Cognition, emotions, depression, inflammable processes – basic principles of the neurodevelopmental theory of depression
Gałecki, P., & Talarowska, M. E. (2017) · Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia · doi:10.5114/nan.2017.68899 · Cited by 6
Rational design of 2-benzylsulfinyl-benzoxazoles as potent and selective indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors to combat inflammation
Wang, T., Liao, X., Liao, X., Chen, K., Chen, Y., Wen, H., Yin, D., Wang, Y., Lin, B., Zhang, S., et al. (2024) · Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107740 · Cited by 5
Sex differences in reward-based operant conditioning performance and neurotransmitter changes following chronic sleep restriction stress in rats
Zhang, Y., Chen, F., Yu, M., Li, Y., Chen, S., Choudhary, M. I., Liu, X., & Jiang, N. (2025) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/s12993-025-00268-z · Cited by 5
Gastrodia elata, Polygonatum sibiricum, and Poria cocos as a Functional Food Formula: Cognitive Enhancement via Modulation of Hippocampal Neuroinflammation and Neuroprotection in Sleep-Restricted Mice
Zhang, Y., Chen, F., Li, X., Xu, Y., Liu, X., Barkat, M. Q., Choudhary, M. I., Chang, Q., & Jiang, N. (2025) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods14071103 · Cited by 5
The effect of 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase gene overexpression in the kynurenine pathway on the expression levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and interferon-γ in inflammatory conditions: an in vitro study
Rostaminejad, M., Rostami, A. M., Behzad‐Behbahani, A., Dehbidi, G. R., & Kalantari, T. (2021) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-021-06935-4 · Cited by 5
Psychiatric Manifestations of COVID-19: A Literature Review
Khatun, A., Tamilanban, T., & Chitra, V. (2022) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527321666220701152821 · Cited by 5
Inhibitors of the Kynurenine Pathway
Röhrig, U. F., Zoete, V., & Michielin, O. A. (2017) · Topics in medicinal chemistry · doi:10.1007/7355_2017_22 · Cited by 5
Design, Synthesis, and Structural Evolution of Pseudo‐Natural Product IDO1 Inhibitors and Degraders
Cheng, X., Lucas, B., Lampe, P., Ugel, S., Chen, S., Unger, A., Bischoff, M., Adariani, S. R., Kesava‐Reddy, N., Kumar, K., et al. (2025) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202518753 · Cited by 4
Exploring genetic associations and drug targets for mitochondrial proteins and schizophrenia risk
Sun, W., Sun, P., Li, J., Yang, Q., Tian, Q., Yuan, S., Zhang, X., Chen, P., Li, C., & Zhang, X. (2025) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-025-00559-4 · Cited by 4
Gold/silver bimetallic nanoclusters stabilized by immunoprotein: Tuning the selectivity for identification of kynurenine pathway metabolites
Ungor, D., Turcsányi, Á., Torma, B., & Csapó, E. (2024) · Journal of Molecular Liquids · doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2024.124756 · Cited by 4
Level of selected exponents of the kynurenine pathway in patients diagnosed with depression and selected cancers
Jasionowska, J., Gałecki, P., Kalinka‐Warzocha, E., Skiba, A., Szemraj, J., Turska, E., & Talarowska, M. E. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.008 · Cited by 5
Mendelian randomization study of causal link from Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics to neurodegenerative diseases
Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Xiao, B., Ouyang, J., Wang, P., & Peng, X. (2024) · Neurogenetics · doi:10.1007/s10048-024-00792-6 · Cited by 4
Inter-relationship of the Intestinal Microbiome, Diet, and Mental Health
Pizarro, N., & de la Torre, R. (2018) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-018-0147-8 · Cited by 4
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Bipolar Disorder: How Feasible Is This Pairing?
Sosa-Moscoso, B., Ullauri, C., Chiriboga, J. D., Silva, P., Haro, F., & León-Rojas, J. E. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.23690 · Cited by 4
Exploring the Neuroprotective Potential of Polyphenolic Compounds in Mitigating Quinolinic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease
Gandhi, P., & Panchal, S. S. (2025) · Current Alzheimer Research · doi:10.2174/0115672050383383250529100802 · Cited by 3
Advancing our understanding of schizophrenia: insights from recent research, emerging therapies, and future directions
Oso, T. A., Okesanya, O. J., Adebayo, U. O., Obadeyi, K. B., Musa, S. S., Ahmed, M. M., Ayankola, A. K., Ogundele, A. B., Oso, J. O., Eshun, G., et al. (2025) · Exploration of neuroscience · doi:10.37349/en.2025.1006112 · Cited by 3
Losing the Filter: How Kynurenine Pathway Dysregulation Impairs Habituation
de la Flor, M. A., & O’Connor, J. C. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14221786 · Cited by 3
Kynurenine Pathway Dysregulation in Parkinson’s Disease: Insights for Disease Modulation and Therapy
Chakkarwar, V. A., & Kulkarni, Y. A. (2025) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/11786469251401459 · Cited by 3
Targeting the metabolic profile of amino acids to identify the key metabolic characteristics in cerebral palsy
Wang, D., Song, J., Cheng, Y., Xu, Y., Song, L., Qiao, Y., Li, B., Xia, L., Li, M., Zhang, J., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2023.1237745 · Cited by 3
Efeito de diferentes polifenóis frente a neurotoxicidade induzida por ácido quinolínico em células gliais U87-MG
dos Santos, J. M., Visentin, A. P. V., Scariot, F. J., Echeverrigaray, S., Salvador, M. M., & Branco, C. S. (2022) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24865 · Cited by 5
Protein Carbonylation in Brains of Subjects with Selected Neurodegenerative Disorders
Reed, T. T., & Butterfield, D. A. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119374947.ch8 · Cited by 3
Severe Neuro-COVID is associated with peripheral immune signatures, autoimmunity and signs of neurodegeneration: a prospective cross-sectional studyPreprint
Etter, M. M., Martins, T. A., Kulsvehagen, L., Pössnecker, E., Duchemin, W., Hogan, S. A., Sanabria-Díaz, G., Müller, J., Chiappini, A., Rychen, J., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.02.18.22271039 · Cited by 3
Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Enzyme Inhibition: a Useful Target to Screen Chemicals for their Therapeutic Potential
Sawale, G., Ghuge, S., & Sathaye, S. S. (2025) · Journal of Fluorescence · doi:10.1007/s10895-025-04564-9 · Cited by 2
Leveraging microbiota-gut-brain axis as a novel nutritional strategy to promote stress resilience and welfare in swine production: A review
Zhao, X., & Ren, W. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106452 · Cited by 2
Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites and Executive Function Impairments in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Case Control Study
Goy, D. F., Kulacaoğlu, F., Ünlü, A., Icli, H. E., & Bik, M. A. (2025) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-025-10241-8 · Cited by 2
Inflammatory Determinants and Associated Morbidity in Hemodialysis Patients
de la Cruz-Ahumada, C. J., Topete-Reyes, J. F., Mena-Ramírez, J. P., Guzmán‐Flores, J. M., González, J. I. G., & Santos, S. R.-D. L. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13091311 · Cited by 2
Monoaminergic Alterations at the Subregional Cervical and Thoracic Spinal Cord Level of Patients Within the FTD ‐ ALS Continuum and Early‐Onset AD : Low Thoracic Dopaminergic Activity in ALS
Heylen, A., Vermeiren, Y., Deyn, P. P. D., & Dam, D. V. (2025) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.70046 · Cited by 2
Contribution of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington’s disease
Farooqui, A. A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821039-0.00004-6 · Cited by 2
Kynurenine pathway metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid and blood as potential biomarkers in Huntington’s diseasePreprint
Rodrigues, F. B., Byrne, L. M., Lowe, A. J., Tortelli, R., Heins, M., Flik, G., Johnson, E. B., Vita, E. D., Scahill, R. I., Giorgini, F., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.08.06.20169524 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Dysregulated neuroimmune interactions and sustained type I interferon signaling after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human iPSC derived microglia and cerebral organoidsPreprint
Boreland, A. J., Stillitano, A. C., Lin, H.-C., Abbo, Y., Hart, R. P., Jiang, P., Pang, Z. P., & Rabson, A. B. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.10.25.563950 · Cited by 2
Increased susceptibility to quinolinic acid‐induced seizures and long‐term changes in brain oscillations in an animal model of glutaric acidemia type I
Caus, L. B., Pasquetti, M. V., Seminotti, B., Woontner, M., Wajner, M., & Calcagnotto, M. E. (2021) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24980 · Cited by 1
Identification of a Novel Pseudo‐Natural Product Type IV IDO1 Inhibitor Chemotype
Davies, C., Dötsch, L., Ciulla, M. G., Hennes, E., Yoshida, K., Gasper, R., Scheel, R., Sievers, S., Carsten Strohmann, B., Kumar, K., et al. (2022) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202209374 · Cited by 1
Physiological and pathophysiological effects of L-tryptophan’s metabolites on the brain and immunity – a challenge for drug development
Iliev, P., Ivanov, S., Lazarov, S., & Bocheva, G. (2025) · Pharmacia · doi:10.3897/pharmacia.72.e148033 · Cited by 1
Modulation of the Kynurenine Pathway: A New Approach for Treating Neurodegeneration
Banaszkiewicz, J. K., Kukiełka, A., Kudyk, E., Walczak, Ł. J., Wicha-Komsta, K., Herbet, M., Piątkowska‐Chmiel, I., Nowicki, G., Mielnik, C. E., & Kocki, T. (2026) · Life · doi:10.3390/life16020266 · Cited by 4
Serum metabonomics characterization of liver fibrosis induced by bile duct-ligated in rats and the intervention effects of herb compound 861
Liu, X., Zhang, C.-E., Yu, X., Liu, R., Qin, X., Jia, J., & Ma, Z. (2019) · Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies · doi:10.1080/10826076.2019.1574815 · Cited by 1
Metabolic Alterations Amalgamated with Huntington’s Disease
Lakra, P., & Agrawal, N. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2218-1_6 · Cited by 1
Central Interaction Between L-Ornithine and Neuropeptide Y in the Regulation of Feeding Behavior of Neonatal Chicks
Tran, P. V., Elhussiny, M. Z., Tsuru, Y., Wang, Y., Han, G., Chowdhury, V. S., & Furuse, M. (2023) · The Journal of Poultry Science · doi:10.2141/jpsa.2023004 · Cited by 2
The neurotoxic branch of the kynurenine pathway is highly activated in the central nervous system of patients with pneumococcal meningitis
Cassiano, L. M. G., de Oliveira, D. B., Candiani, T. M. S., Campi‐Azevedo, A. C., Martins‐Filho, O. A., Kroon, E. G., Kohlhoff, M., & Coimbra, R. S. (2023) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156237 · Cited by 1
Alpha Lipoic Acid Protects Human SH-SY5Y Cells Against Quinolinic Acid-Induced Toxicity: Focusing on ROS Levels and Cell Cycle
Rostami, M., Vaezzade, S. A., Gheybi, E., Azadi, H. N., Rajabian, A., Forouzanfar, F., & Soukhtanloo, M. (2024) · Acta Biochimica Iranica · doi:10.18502/abi.v1i4.14723 · Cited by 1
Amelioration of Neurochemical Alteration and Memory and Depressive Behavior in Sepsis by Allopurinol, a Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor
Metzker, K. L. L., Mathias, K., Machado, R. S., Bonfante, S., Joaquim, L. D. S., da Silva, M. G., Daros, G. C., Lins, E. M. F., Belle, F., Alano, C. G., et al. (2024) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/0118715273282363240415045927 · Cited by 1
Function of Amino Acids and Neuropeptides in Feeding Behavior in Chicks
Tran, P. V. (2025) · The Journal of Poultry Science · doi:10.2141/jpsa.2025013 · Cited by 1
Identification of Key Pathways and Genes in Dementia via Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Vastrad, B. M., & Vastrad, C. M. (2025) · SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1007/s42399-025-01876-6 · Cited by 2
Identification of Key Pathways and Genes in Dementia via Integrated Bioinformatics AnalysisPreprint
Vastrad, B. M., & Vastrad, C. M. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.04.18.440371 · Cited by 1
Down-regulation of EPB41L4A-AS1 mediated the brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases via damaging synthesis of NAD+ and ATPPreprint
Yang, T., Wang, Y., Liao, W., Zhang, S., Wang, S., Xu, N., Xie, W., Luo, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-927236/v1 · Cited by 2
Metabolomics Reveals Metabolic Alterations in Membranous Nephropathy and IgA nephropathyPreprint
Qu, Y., Wang, Y., Hu, Z., Su, C., Qian, C., Pan, J., Zhu, Y. S., & Shi, A. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2013146/v1 · Cited by 1
Ophthalmic imaging as a measure of cardiovascular and neurological health: a multi-omic analysis of deep-learning derived phenotypesPreprint
Julian, T. H., Dou, H., Duan, J., Huang, J., Yoo, E. M., Green, D. J., Strange, A., Alhathli, E. M., Sperrin, M., Keane, P. A., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.08.04.25332962 · Cited by 1
Editorial
Morgan, A., & Burgoyne, R. D. (2015) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.04.006
Neuroinflammation and Psychiatric Illness
Song, H. R., Lee, H. Y., Shim, S. H., & Kwon, Y. (2016) · Saengmul jeongsin euihag/Saengmul jeongsin uihak
A via das quinureninas e suas implicações na esquizofrenia
Cunha, S. F., Bachur, T. P. R., & Aragão, G. F. (2020) · Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas · doi:10.9771/cmbio.v1i1.33570 · Cited by 1
Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in neurodegenerative diseases
Farooqui, A. A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821711-5.00004-8
Der Tryptophanstoffwechsel, seine Metaboliten und damit assoziierte Krankheiten
Passarge, M., & Schütz, B. (2021) · Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz · doi:10.1007/s41975-021-00184-1
The Effect of Acmsd Gene Overexpression in The Kynurenine Pathway On The Expression Levels of Ido1 and Ifn-γ in Inflammatory Conditions: An In Vitro StudyPreprint
Rostaminejad, M., Rostami, A. M., Behzad‐Behbahani, A., Dehbidi, G. R., & Kalantari, T. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-834721/v1
Modulating the Kynurenine pathway or sequestering toxic 3-hydroxykynurenine protects the retina from light induced damage in DrosophilaPreprint
Hebbar, S., Traikov, S., Hälsig, C., & Knust, E. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.09.10.507411
The kynurenine pathway and cognitive functioning
Bakker, L. (2023) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20231215lb
Gut–brain communication through microbes
Green, M., & Foster, J. A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90144-4.00002-1
Metabolic Modulation of the Immune-Neuro Axis: Insights into Psychoneuroimmunology
Leite, J. A., Vieira, R. D. S., da Silva, J. V. H., Gonçalves, L. E. D., & Câmara, N. O. S. (2024) · Integrated science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73061-0_6 · Cited by 1
Sickness Behavior: Influence of Immune System Activation Leading to Impairment in Psychological Aspects
de Gomes, M. G., & Mello‐Carpes, P. B. (2024) · Integrated science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73061-0_5
Microbiome and Brain-Gut Microbiota's Influence on Autism Pathogenesis
Upaganlawar, A. B., Wankhede, N. L., Kale, M. B., Rahangdale, S. R., Aglawe, M. M., Taksande, B. G., & Umekar, M. J. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-8176-2.ch004
Metabolomics of the Kynurenine Pathway by Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LDI-MS)
Lahiri, P., Krishnaraj, S., Gogoi, P., Roy, A., & Ghosh, D. (2025) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4534-5_13
Phenomenological Model for the Efficient General Regulatory Role of Metabolites
Wu, X., Chen, L., Hu, G., Ou, X., Zeng, X., Shi, R., & Li, J. (2025) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c02568
Design, Synthesis, and Structural Evolution of Pseudo‐Natural Product IDO1 Inhibitors and Degraders
Cheng, X., Lucas, B., Lampe, P., Ugel, S., Chen, S., Unger, A., Bischoff, M., Adariani, S. R., Kesava‐Reddy, N., Kumar, K., et al. (2025) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202518753
Additional file 4 of Down-regulation of EPB41L4A-AS1 mediated the brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases via damaging synthesis of NAD+ and ATP
Yang, T., Wang, Y., Liao, W., Zhang, S., Wang, S., Xu, N., Xie, W., Luo, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16986592
Additional file 5 of Regulation of serotonin production by specific microbes from piglet gut
Liu, Z., Ling, Y., Peng, Y., Han, S., Ren, Y., Jing, Y., Fan, W., Su, Y., Mu, C., & Zhu, W. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26608227
Additional file 2 of Regulation of serotonin production by specific microbes from piglet gut
Liu, Z., Ling, Y., Peng, Y., Han, S., Ren, Y., Jing, Y., Fan, W., Su, Y., Mu, C., & Zhu, W. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26608218
Additional file 3 of Down-regulation of EPB41L4A-AS1 mediated the brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases via damaging synthesis of NAD+ and ATP
Yang, T., Wang, Y., Liao, W., Zhang, S., Wang, S., Xu, N., Xie, W., Luo, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16986589
Additional file 2 of Down-regulation of EPB41L4A-AS1 mediated the brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases via damaging synthesis of NAD+ and ATP
Yang, T., Wang, Y., Liao, W., Zhang, S., Wang, S., Xu, N., 谢伟东, Luo, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16986586
Additional file 1 of Regulation of serotonin production by specific microbes from piglet gut
Liu, Z., Ling, Y., Peng, Y., Han, S., Ren, Y., Jing, Y., Fan, W., Su, Y., Mu, C., & Zhu, W. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26608215
Additional file 1 of Down-regulation of EPB41L4A-AS1 mediated the brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases via damaging synthesis of NAD+ and ATP
Yang, T., Wang, Y., Liao, W., Zhang, S., Wang, S., Xu, N., Xie, W., Luo, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16986583
Additional file 3 of Regulation of serotonin production by specific microbes from piglet gut
Liu, Z., Ling, Y., Peng, Y., Han, S., Ren, Y., Jing, Y., Fan, W., Su, Y., Mu, C., & Zhu, W. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26608221
Additional file 4 of Regulation of serotonin production by specific microbes from piglet gut
Liu, Z., Ling, Y., Peng, Y., Han, S., Ren, Y., Jing, Y., Fan, W., Su, Y., Mu, C., & Zhu, W. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26608224
Integrative Nanomedicine Approaches and Secondary Metabolites in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Çakar, B., Çadirci, C., & Kilic, K. D. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch013
Ophthalmic imaging as a measure of cardiovascular and neurological health:a multi-omic analysis of deep-learning derived phenotypes
UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium (2026) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)
Identification of biomarkers for MND, and understanding the potential role of the cyanotoxin BMAA in neurodegeneration
Tan, V. X. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3f6e9c59z6b54z4112zb327z4d24ad4b814d
Potential muscular doping effects of anti-depressants
Tutakhail, A. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f3cbba2dza035z4ef0zaebbz68fe16432b48
Etude de la voie catabolique du tryptophane dans différentes conditions pathologiques : exemple de la phénylcétonurie et perspectives dans les maladies cardiovasculaires
Boulet, L. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/6214d922z87daz4416z9d45zac57d9079c87
The single nucleotide polymorphism rs1053230 modulates kynurenine 3-monooxygenase stability and is associated with cognitive and mood phenotypesPreprint
Collier, M. E. W., Ceeney, G., Chiappelli, J., Sathyasaikumar, K. V., Cao, T. H., Quinn, P., Ma, J., Shauriq, A., Sylvius, N. B., Hollox, E. J., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.19.726163
Self-citation
Multi-omic analysis of deep learning-derived phenotypes links ophthalmic imaging to cardiovascular and neurological traits
Julian, T. H., Dou, H., Duan, J., Huang, J., Yoo, E. M., Green, D. J., Strange, A., Alhathli, E. M., Sperrin, M., Keane, P. A., et al. (2026) · Nature Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1038/s44161-026-00815-5 · Cited by 2
Kynurenine pathway at the crossroads of neurological and psychiatric disorders: Bridging metabolic dysregulation, therapeutic challenges, and emerging strategies
Tong, X., Zhan, X., & Zhu, X. (2026) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111796

Authors: Maddison, D. C., & Giorgini, F.
Affiliations: University of Leicester (GB)
Corresponding author: Giorgini, Flaviano
ORCID: Maddison, Daniel C.
Giorgini, Flaviano
Venue: Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-04
Volume: 40
Pages: 134-141
ISSN: 1084-9521 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.03.002
OpenAlex: W1990201789
Cited by: 309
References: 94
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 6
FWCI: 1.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: the Midlands Integrative Biosciences Training Partnership (MIBTP)
the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
the Medical Research Council (MRC)
the CHDI Foundation
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
Keywords: kynurenine pathway, tryptophan metabolism, neurodegenerative diseases, NAD biosynthesis, kynurenine metabolites, glutamate receptors, free radicals, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, HIV, therapeutic targeting, neuroactive metabolites
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Kynurenine, Tryptophan, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Metabolic Networks and Pathways

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The kynurenine pathway and neurodegenerative disease

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks