The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Shift work disorder, depression, and anxiety in the transition to rotating shifts: the role of sleep reactivity
Open accessAbstract
Aim The aim of this study is to investigate premorbid sleep reactivity as a vulnerability to incident shift work disorder (SWD), and related changes in depression as well as anxiety following a transition to a rotating shifts work schedule.Methods This is a longitudinal study with two waves of data collection. The community-based sample included normal sleeping non-shift workers (N = 96; 62.5% female; 47.9 ± 13.3 years) without a lifetime history of insomnia or baseline excessive daytime sleepiness who transitioned to rotating shift work one year later. Participants reported demographic characteristics, trait sleep reactivity on the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test, depression symptoms on the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomatology, and anxiety symptoms on the Beck Anxiety Inventory. SWD was determined based on significant sleep disturbance and/or excessive sleepiness in the context of working in a rotating-shift schedule.Results Analyses revealed that the odds were over five times greater for highly sleep-reactive individuals to develop SWD after transitioning to rotating shifts (OR = 5.59, p = 0.04). Nearly 90% of participants who suffered from SWD were accurately identified as high risk at one year before disease onset. Furthermore, individuals who developed SWD reported greater increases in symptoms of depression and anxiety. Finally, analyses revealed significant indirect effects wherein high sleep reactivity increased risk for SWD, which led to greater severity of anxiety and depression symptoms.Conclusions The Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) accurately identifies a focused target population in which the premorbid psychobiological processes complicit in SWD onset and progression, as well as shift work-related depression and anxiety changes, can be better investigated, thus improving future preventative efforts.
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“For example, a longitudinal study of day shift workers without prior sleep disturbances who transitioned to rotating shift work schedules reported elevated anxiety along with disordered sleep98.”
From Circadian rhythm disruption and mental health (2020) · cites this paper as [98]
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“Although it is unclear whether disruption of cortisol rhythms is causally involved, it is generally believed that shift work leads to heightened stress reactivity and—in those who are especially susceptible—the development of insomnia and shift work disorder [96].”
From Shift Work: Disrupted Circadian Rhythms and Sleep—Implications for Health and Well-being (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
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Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 47 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Kalmbach D.A., Pillai V., Arnedt J.T., et al. Identifying at-risk individuals for insomnia using the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test. Sleep in press.
- Hobson, 1998, Stressful life events: a revision and update of the social readjustment rating scale, Int J Stress Manag, 5, 1, 10.1023/A:1022978019315 · DOI
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Items 201–205 of 205
Vallières, A., Delage, J. P., Nolin, P., Prunier‐Poulmaire, S., Paquette, T., Carrier, J., & Bastien, C. (2026) · Médecine du Sommeil · doi:10.1016/j.msom.2026.02.002
Segon, T., Kibralew, G., Aderaw, M., Nakie, G., Mekuriaw, B. Y., Amede, E. S., & Kerebih, H. (2026) · Sleep Medicine X · doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2026.100182
Chronic Mild Circadian Disruption Alters Anxiety-Like Behavior and Spatial Navigation in Adult Mice
Gearey, J. E. J., Wong, C., Yang, A., & Antle, M. C. (2026) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/07487304261471574
Harris, R., Drummond, S. P. A., Meadley, B., Rajaratnam, S. M. W., Williams, B., Smith, K. L., Bowles, K., Nguyen, E., Dobbie, M. L., & Wolkow, A. P. (2026) · Sleep Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.sleepe.2026.100157
Metadata
- Authors
- Kalmbach, D. A., Pillai, V., Cheng, P., Arnedt, J. T., & Drake, C. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Henry Ford Hospital (US)
- Henry Ford Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Drake, Christopher L.
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1532-1538
- ISSN
- 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4803034
- OpenAlex
- W2118886536
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 17.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Merck (50562, R01 MH082785)
- National Institute of Mental Health (50562, R01 MH082785)
- National Institutes of Health (50562, R01 MH082785)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- shift work disorder, rotating shifts, sleep reactivity, depression, anxiety, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Work Schedule Tolerance, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm
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