The DOI matches its Crossref record; 105 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Long sleep and mortality: rationale for sleep restriction
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have consistently shown that sleeping >8 h per night is associated with increased mortality. Indeed, the most recent American Cancer Society data of 1.1 million respondents showed that sleeping longer than 7.5 h was associated with approximately 5% of the total mortality of the sample. The excess mortality was found even after controlling for 32 potentially confounding risk factors. Although epidemiologic data cannot prove that long sleep duration causes mortality, there is sufficient evidence to warrant future testing of the hypothesis that mild sleep restriction would decrease mortality in long sleepers. Sleep restriction might resemble dietary restriction as a potential aid to survival. Sleep restriction has several potential benefits besides possible enhanced survival. Acute sleep restriction can have dramatic antidepressant effects. Also, chronic sleep restriction is perhaps the most effective treatment for primary insomnia. Conversely, spending excessive time in bed can elicit daytime lethargy and exacerbate sleep fragmentation, resulting in a vicious cycle of further time in bed and further sleep fragmentation. Sleep restriction may be most beneficial for older adults, who tend to spend excessive time in bed and have more sleep fragmentation compared with young adults.
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In the citing paper
“Sleep duration and mortality are associated in a U-shaped fashion, where lowest risk is usually found in those who sleep between 7-8 hours, and mortality risk increasing with further deviation on either end of the range.”
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Also, there is still a lack of clarity on the biological plausibility of the long sleep relationship, although some ideas have been proposed.37,38”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sleep Health: Can We Define It? Does It Matter?
Buysse, D. J. (2014) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.3298 · Cited by 2,777
The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation
Knutson, K. L., Spiegel, K., Penev, P., & Van Cauter, E. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2007.01.002 · Cited by 1,365
Why Sleep Is Important for Health: A Psychoneuroimmunology Perspective
Irwin, M. R. (2015) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115205 · Cited by 1,325
“Extreme sleep habits, i.e., short and long sleep duration, have been linked to adverse health outcomes (Youngstedt & Kripke 2004), with similar effects on inflammation.”
BackgroundSleep and inflammation: partners in sickness and in health
Irwin, M. R. (2019) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0190-z · Cited by 1,138
Sleep duration and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis
GALLICCHIO, L., & KALESAN, B. (2009) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00732.x · Cited by 979
“Although several reviews have been published examining the literature pertaining to sleep duration and mortality (Grandner and Drummond, 2007; Institute of Medicine, 2006; Youngstedt and Kripke, 2004), to our knowledge there has been no published systematic review of the literature that has characterized the magnitude…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Youngstedt, S. D., & Kripke, D. F.
- Affiliations
- University of South Carolina (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Youngstedt, Shawn D.
- ORCID
- Kripke, Daniel F.
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 159-174
- ISSN
- 1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2081485580
- Cited by
- 324
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 13.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG012364, AG-12364)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-71560, R01HL071560)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- long sleep, mortality, sleep restriction, excessive sleep, time in bed, sleep fragmentation, insomnia treatment, dietary restriction, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Antidepressive Agents, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Sleep Wake Disorders, Time Factors, Polysomnography
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