Human space exploration and human spaceflight: Latency and the cognitive scale of the universe
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Low-latency surface telerobotics is best conducted within approximately 60,000 km from the lunar surface asset to be within the human cognitive threshold for real-time perception, which equates to a maximum latency of approximately 0.4 seconds.
“Low-latency surface telerobotics is best conducted within approximately 60,000 km from the lunar surface asset to be within the human cognitive threshold for real-time perception.This threshold equates to a maximum latency of approximately 0.4 seconds [5].”
From Quantifying operational constraints of low-latency telerobotics for planetary surface operations (2018) · cites this paper as [5]
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Burns, J. O., Kring, D. A., Hopkins, J. B., Norris, S., Lazio, T. J. W., & Kasper, J. (2013) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.asr.2012.11.016 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Achieving Human Presence in Space Exploration
Lester, D. (2013) · Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments · doi:10.1162/pres_a_00160 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationQuantifying operational constraints of low-latency telerobotics for planetary surface operations
Mellinkoff, B. J., Spydell, M. M., Bailey, W., & Burns, J. O. (2018) · 2018 IEEE Aerospace Conference · doi:10.1109/aero.2018.8396673 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“4 seconds [5].”
- Authors
- Lester, D., & Thronson, H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lester, Dan
- ORCID
- Lester, Dan
- Venue
- Space Policy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 89-93
- ISSN
- 0265-9646 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2007551178
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Space Policy (publishedVersion)
- NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space exploration and regulation
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Keywords
- communication delay, telerobotics, human spaceflight, human space exploration, telepresence, virtual presence, speed of light, satellite servicing, geosynchronous orbit
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