Cited by 147Ubiquitin and proteasome pathwaysCancer-related Molecular PathwaysMicrotubule and mitosis dynamics

Multiple degradation pathways regulate versatile CIP/KIP CDK inhibitors

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Starostina, Natalia G., Kipreos, Edward T.·2012·Trends in Cell Biology

Abstract

The mammalian CIP/KIP family of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors (CKIs) comprises three proteins--p21(Cip1/WAF1), p27(Kip1), and p57(Kip2)--that bind and inhibit cyclin-CDK complexes, which are key regulators of the cell cycle. CIP/KIP CKIs have additional independent functions in regulating transcription, apoptosis and actin cytoskeletal dynamics. These divergent functions are performed in distinct cellular compartments and contribute to the seemingly contradictory observation that the CKIs can both suppress and promote cancer. Multiple ubiquitin ligases (E3s) direct the proteasome-mediated degradation of p21, p27 and p57. This review analyzes recent data highlighting our current understanding of how distinct E3 pathways regulate subpopulations of the CKIs to control their diverse functions.

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  • p21 levels in cells are controlled by mechanisms including the E3 ligases SCFSkp2, CRL4Cdt2, MDM2/X, CRL2LRR1, and APC/CCdc20.

    “It is well known that p21 levels in cells are controlled by different mechanisms that include but are not exclusively restricted to the activity of the following E3 ligases: SCFSkp2, CRL4Cdt2, MDM2/X (or HDM2 in humans), CRL2LRR1, and APC/CCdc20.”

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Authors
Starostina, N. G., & Kipreos, E. T.
Affiliations
University of Georgia (US)
Corresponding author
  • Starostina, Natalia G.
  • Kipreos, Edward T.
Venue
Trends in Cell Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-01
Volume
22
Issue
1
Pages
33-41
ISSN
0962-8924 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2149511654
Cited by
147
References
83
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 10
FWCI
1.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Trends in Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM055297, R01GM074212)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
Keywords
p21, p27, p57, ubiquitin ligase, E3 ubiquitin ligase, proteasomal degradation, protein degradation pathways, cell cycle regulation, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, actin cytoskeleton dynamics
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Substrate Specificity, Transcription, Genetic, Apoptosis, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins, Ubiquitination

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