The DOI matches its Crossref record; 80 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A cognitive neuroscience hypothesis of mood and depression.
Open accessAbstract
Although mood has a direct impact on mental and physical health, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying mood regulation is limited. Here, I propose that there is a direct reciprocal relation between the cortical activation of associations and mood regulation, whereby positive mood promotes associative processing, and associative processing promotes positive mood. This relation might stem from an evolutionary pressure for learning and predicting. Along these lines, one can think of mood as a reward mechanism that guides individuals to use their brains in the most productive manner. The proposed framework has many implications, most notably for diagnosing and treating mood disorders such as depression; for elucidating the role of inhibition in the regulation of mood; for contextualizing adult hippocampal neurogenesis; and for a general, non-invasive improvement of well-being.
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“rumination is associated with decreases in the likelihood of new reward-based learning, weakens instrumental action, and engagement of potentially rewarding social networks41–43 [contextual learning consequences].”
From AN OPEN TRIAL OF EMOTION REGULATION THERAPY FOR GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER AND COOCCURRING DEPRESSION: Research Article: An Open Trial of Emotion Regulation Therapy (2015) · cites this paper as [41]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“Research is clear that there are several reasons why one could develop depression, such as faulty mood regulation by the brain, genetic vulnerability and stressful life events (Burns et al., 2002; Bar, 2009).”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Bar, 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Depressive rumination is one strategy common to distress disorders that narrows associative processing and in turn, decreases the likelihood of new reward-based learning and obfuscates focusing on purposeful action (Bar, 2009).”
From Emotion Regulation Therapy: A Mechanism-Targeted Treatment for Disorders of Distress (2017) · cites this paper as Bar, 2009
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Cites
The Handbook of Social Psychology
Gravatt, A. E., Lindzey, G. E., & Aronson, F. (1969) · The Family Coordinator · doi:10.2307/582242 · Cited by 12,518
A default mode of brain function
Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.98.2.676 · Cited by 12,190
Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678
The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks
Fox, M. D., Snyder, A. Z., Vincent, J. L., Corbetta, M., Van Essen, D. C., & Raichle, M. E. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0504136102 · Cited by 8,553
Gage, F. H. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.287.5457.1433 · Cited by 4,786
Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants
Santarelli, L., Saxe, M., Gross, C., Surget, A., Battaglia, F., Dulawa, S., Weisstaub, N., Lee, J., Duman, R., Arancio, O., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1083328 · Cited by 4,321
The broaden–and–build theory of positive emotions
Fredrickson, B. L. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1512 · Cited by 4,214
Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Mayberg, H. S., Lozano, A. M., Voon, V., McNeely, H. E., Seminowicz, D., Hamani, C., Schwalb, J. M., & Kennedy, S. H. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.02.014 · Cited by 4,059
Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus
Malberg, J. E., Eisch, A. J., Nestler, E. J., & Duman, R. S. (2000) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-24-09104.2000 · Cited by 3,111
The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.109.3.504 · Cited by 2,998
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of interoception and categorization
Barrett, L. F. (2016) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsw154 · Cited by 1,426
“(see Bar, 2009a,b).”
The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of interoception and categorization
Barrett, L. F. (2017) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsx060 · Cited by 1,009
“(see Bar, 2009a,b).”
The role of the parahippocampal cortex in cognition
Aminoff, E., Kveraga, K., & Bar, M. (2013) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.009 · Cited by 903
Self-citationZhou, H.-X., Chen, X., Shen, Y.-Q., Li, L., Chen, N.-X., Zhu, Z.-C., Castellanos, F. X., & Yan, C.-G. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116287 · Cited by 656
“By contrast, MTL subsystem activity increases preferentially when individuals make episodic or contextual retrieval (Addis et al., 2007), generate spontaneous thoughts (Bar, 2009; Bar et al., 2007), or perform simulations regarding their future (Andrews-Hanna et al., 2010).”
The cognitive neuroscience of insight
Kounios, J., & Beeman, M. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115154 · Cited by 654
Metadata
- Authors
- Bar, M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bar, Moshe
- ORCID
- Bar, Moshe
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 456-463
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2767460
- OpenAlex
- W2167247432
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS050615)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- mood regulation, depression, positive mood, associative processing, cortical activation, reward processing, inhibition, hippocampal neurogenesis, well-being, mood disorders
- MeSH terms
- Affect, Association, Cognition, Depression, Humans, Neurosciences
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