Study protocol of the intense physical activity and cognition study: the effect of high-intensity exercise training on cognitive function in older adults
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Inconsistent results from previous studies of exercise and cognitive function suggest that rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are urgently needed. Here, we describe the design of the Intense Physical Activity and Cognition (IPAC) study, which will assess the impact of a 6-month high-intensity exercise intervention on cognitive function and biomarkers of dementia risk, compared with a 6-month moderate-intensity exercise intervention and control group (no study-related exercise). METHODS: One-hundred and five cognitively healthy men and women aged between 60 and 80 years are randomized into a high-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise, or control group. Individuals randomized to an exercise intervention undertake 6 months of cycle-based exercise twice a week, at 50 minutes per session. All participants undergo comprehensive neuropsychological testing, blood sampling, brain magnetic resonance imaging, fitness testing, and a body composition scan at baseline, 6 months (immediately after intervention), and 18 months (12 months after intervention). DISCUSSION: The IPAC study takes a multidisciplinary approach to investigating the role of exercise in maintaining a healthy brain throughout aging. Rigorous monitoring of exertion and adherence throughout the intervention, combined with repeated measures of fitness, is vital in ensuring an optimum exercise dose is reached. Results from the IPAC study will be used to inform a large-scale multicentre randomized controlled trial, with the ultimate aim of pinpointing the frequency, duration, and intensity of exercise that provides the most benefit to the brain, in terms of enhancing cognitive function and reducing dementia risk in older adults.
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Other studies indicate that very light-, light-, and moderate-intensity physical activity benefited cognition, but hard-, very hard-, and maximal-intensity physical activity showed no benefit.
“and other studies indicate that very light-, light-, and moderate-intensity PA benefited cognition, but hard-, very hard-, and maximal-intensity PA demonstrated no benefit (65, 80).”
From Physical Activity, Cognition, and Brain Outcomes: A Review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines (2019) · cites this paper as [80]
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“However, other studies have suggested that cognitive benefits may also occur at very light, light and moderate intensities, while hard or maximal intensities show limited benefit (Brown et al., 2017; Chang et al., 2012).”
Brown, B. M., Frost, N. J., Rainey-Smith, S. R., Doecke, J., Markovic, S. J., Gordon, N., Weinborn, M., Sohrabi, H. R., Laws, S. M., Martins, R. N., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13684861
Self-citation
- Authors
- Brown, B. M., Rainey‐Smith, S. R., Castalanelli, N., Gordon, N., Markovic, S., Sohrabi, H. R., Weinborn, M., Laws, S. M., Doecke, J., Shen, K., Martins, R. N., & Peiffer, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Murdoch University (AU)
- Edith Cowan University (AU)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Belinda M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-10-19
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 562-570
- ISSN
- 2352-8737 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5671630
- OpenAlex
- W2766290196
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Alzheimer s & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Murdoch University Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Australasian Journal of Paramedicine (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council Dementia Research Development Fellowship (GNT1097105)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- high-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise, cognitive function, older adults, dementia risk, exercise intervention, brain aging, exercise adherence, exercise dose, neuropsychological assessment, brain MRI, fitness, body composition, blood biomarkers
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