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Valorization of waste NiMH battery through recovery of critical rare earth metal: A simple recycling process for the circular economy
Abstract
The process flowsheet consists of three main circuits, i.e., metal extraction by acid leaching, critical rare earth metal (REM) recovery from leach liquor and pure Co/Ni recovery by solvent extraction. Quantitative metal extraction using 1 M H 2 SO 4, pulp density of 25 g/L at 90 °C from waste NiMH battery was achieved. From leach liquor using 10 M NaOH, at pH 1.8, more than 99% REM was precipitated out and isolated through calcination at 600 °C. Undesired metals like Mn, Al, Zn, and Fe were scrubbed out from the leach liquor using 0. 7 M D2EPHA at the equilibrium pH of 2.30. From the scrubbed raffinate Co and Ni was separated using 0.5 M Cyanex 272 at pH 4.70 through solvent extraction. At pH 4.70 Co was completely extracted from solution leaving Ni in solution, which can be recovered completely. From Co loaded Cyanex 272, the Co was stripped by 1 M H 2 SO 4 and regenerated Cyanex 272 can be reused and close the loop. Similarly, the undesired metal loaded D2EPHA can be regenerated and reused and close the loop. As the process is close-loop process recovers critical REMs, Co, and Ni, the valorization process efficiently addresses the circular economy and recycling challenges associated with waste NiMH battery.
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The regenerated Cyanex 272 can be efficiently reused for several cycles.
“The recycling of Cyanex 272 was confirmed in the closed-loop solvent extraction process for the recovery of Co(II) from the sulfate leachate of a NiMH battery, indicating that the regenerated Cyanex 272 can be e ciently reused for several cycles [65].”
From Review on the Comparison of the Chemical Reactivity of Cyanex 272, Cyanex 301 and Cyanex 302 for Their Application to Metal Separation from Acid Media (2020) · cites this paper as [65]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ahn, N.-K., Shim, H.-W., Kim, D.-W., & Swain, B.
- Affiliations
- Institute for Advanced Engineering (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Swain, Basudev
- Venue
- Waste Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 104
- Pages
- 254-261
- ISSN
- 0956-053X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3001961911
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 5.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Waste Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology
- Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy, Republic of Korea (10077752)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Extraction and Separation Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes
- Keywords
- rare earth recovery, cobalt recovery, nickel recovery, acid leaching, solvent extraction, Cyanex 272, circular economy, critical raw materials, solvent regeneration
- MeSH terms
- Metals, Metals, Rare Earth, Electric Power Supplies, Recycling
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