The DOI matches its Crossref record; 82 of the 82 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
PGAM5 tethers a ternary complex containing Keap1 and Nrf2 to mitochondria
Open accessAbstract
Eukaryote cells balance production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with levels of anti-oxidant enzyme activity to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. Mitochondria are a major source of ROS, while many anti-oxidant genes are regulated by the Nrf2 transcription factor. Keap1, a redox-regulated substrate adaptor for a cullin-based ubiquitin ligase, targets Nrf2 for proteosome-mediated degradation and represses Nrf2-dependent gene expression. We have previously identified a member of the phosphoglycerate mutase family, PGAM5, as a Keap1-binding protein. In this report, we demonstrate that PGAM5 is targeted to the outer membrane of mitochondria by an N-terminal mitochondrial-localization sequence. Furthermore, we provide evidence that PGAM5 forms a ternary complex containing both Keap1 and Nrf2, in which the dimeric Keap1 protein simultaneously binds both PGAM5 and Nrf2 through their conserved E(S/T)GE motifs. Knockdown of either Keap1 or PGAM5 activates Nrf2-dependent gene expression. We suggest that this ternary complex provides a molecular framework for understanding how nuclear anti-oxidant gene expression is regulated in response to changes in mitochondrial function(s).
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, PGAM5 can recruit both Keap1 and Nrf2 to the outer mitochondrial membrane by binding to one molecule of a Keap1 dimer while simultaneously binding Nrf2 to form a ternary Keap1-PGAM5-Nrf2 complex [102,103]. Interestingly, this results in the stress-induced Keap1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of not Nrf2, but of mitochondrial Rho GTPase 2 (Miro2), a mitochondrial GTPase inv”
From Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [102]
Citations
Cites
Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing
Finkel, T., & Holbrook, N. J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35041687 · Cited by 9,413
Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species
Turrens, J. F. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049478 · Cited by 5,084
Itoh, K., Wakabayashi, N., Katoh, Y., Ishii, T., Igarashi, K., Engel, J. D., & Yamamoto, M. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.1.76 · Cited by 3,634
Cell Survival Responses to Environmental Stresses Via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE Pathway
Kensler, T. W., Wakabayashi, N., & Biswal, S. (2007) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141046 · Cited by 3,630
Seth, R. B., Sun, L., Ea, C.-K., & Chen, Z. J. (2005) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.012 · Cited by 3,329
Purification and Characterization
Tsai, C. S. (2006) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1002/0470080124.ch3 · Cited by 2,368
Kobayashi, A., Kang, M.-I., Okawa, H., Ohtsuji, M., Zenke, Y., Chiba, T., Igarashi, K., & Yamamoto, M. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.24.16.7130-7139.2004 · Cited by 2,224
Function and regulation of cullin–RING ubiquitin ligases
Petroski, M. D., & Deshaies, R. J. (2005) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1547 · Cited by 2,148
Mitochondria: Dynamic Organelles in Disease, Aging, and Development
Chan, D. C. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.06.010 · Cited by 1,987
Dinkova-Kostova, A. T., Holtzclaw, W. D., Cole, R. N., Itoh, K., Wakabayashi, N., Katoh, Y., Yamamoto, M., & Talalay, P. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.172398899 · Cited by 1,947
Jones, D. P. (2006) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2006.8.1865 · Cited by 1,726
Translocation of Proteins into Mitochondria
Neupert, W., & Herrmann, J. M. (2007) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.052705.163409 · Cited by 1,486
Zhang, D. D., & Hannink, M. (2003) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.23.22.8137-8151.2003 · Cited by 1,480
Self-citationOxidative stress and cancer: Have we moved forward?
Halliwell, B. (2007) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20061131 · Cited by 1,302
Keap1 Is a Redox-Regulated Substrate Adaptor Protein for a Cul3-Dependent Ubiquitin Ligase Complex
Zhang, D. D., Lo, S., Cross, J. V., Templeton, D. J., & Hannink, M. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.24.24.10941-10953.2004 · Cited by 1,284
Self-citationRegulatory Mechanisms Controlling Gene Expression Mediated by the Antioxidant Response Element
Nguyen, T., Sherratt, P. J., & Pickett, C. B. (2003) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.43.100901.140229 · Cited by 1,232
Huang, H.-C., Nguyen, T., & Pickett, C. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m206911200 · Cited by 1,070
Roles of the mammalian mitochondrial fission and fusion mediators Fis1, Drp1, and Opa1 in apoptosis
Lee, Y.-J., Jeong, S.-Y., Karbowski, M., Smith, C. L., & Youle, R. J. (2004) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-04-0294 · Cited by 1,042
Cullinan, S. B., Gordan, J. D., Jin, J., Harper, J. W., & Diehl, J. A. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.24.19.8477-8486.2004 · Cited by 986
Kregel, K. C., & Zhang, H. J. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00327.2006 · Cited by 883
Keap1-null mutation leads to postnatal lethality due to constitutive Nrf2 activation
Wakabayashi, N., Itoh, K., Wakabayashi, J., Motohashi, H., Noda, S., Takahashi, S., Imakado, S., KOTSUJI, T., Otsuka, F., Roop, D. R., et al. (2003) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1248 · Cited by 881
Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
Abou-Sleiman, P. M., Muqit, M. M. K., & Wood, N. W. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1868 · Cited by 869
Mitochondrial mutations in cancer
Brandon, M., Baldi, P., & Wallace, D. C. (2006) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209607 · Cited by 832
Clements, C. M., McNally, R. S., Conti, B. J., Mak, T. W., & Ting, J. P.-Y. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0607260103 · Cited by 818
Keeney, P. M., Xie, J., Capaldi, R., & Bennett, J. P. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0984-06.2006 · Cited by 765
Tong, K. I., Katoh, Y., Kusunoki, H., Itoh, K., Tanaka, T., & Yamamoto, M. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.26.8.2887-2900.2006 · Cited by 759 · cited 3×
“Biophysical studies have suggested the existence of a second motif in Nrf2 that also binds to the Kelch domain of Keap1, leading to a model in which the Keap1 dimer binds a single molecule of Nrf2, resulting in a Keap1–Nrf2 complex with a 2:1 stoichiometry [58–60].”
BackgroundStructural basis for defects of Keap1 activity provoked by its point mutations in lung cancer
Padmanabhan, B., Tong, K. I., Ohta, T., Nakamura, Y., Scharlock, M., Ohtsuji, M., Kang, M.-I., Kobayashi, A., Yokoyama, S., & Yamamoto, M. (2006) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.01.013 · Cited by 735 · cited 3×
“Crystallographic analysis has demonstrated that an isolated Kelch domain can bind an Nrf2-derived peptide containing the DxETGE motif [26, 27].”
BackgroundStructure of the Keap1:Nrf2 interface provides mechanistic insight into Nrf2 signaling
Lo, S., Li, X., Henzl, M. T., Beamer, L. J., & Hannink, M. (2006) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601243 · Cited by 604 · cited 20×
“Taken together, these results indicate that PGAM5-L, Keap1 and Nrf2 form a ternary complex at mitochondria.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationKang, M.-I., Kobayashi, A., Wakabayashi, N., Kim, S.-G., & Yamamoto, M. P. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0308347100 · Cited by 545
McMahon, M. J., Thomas, N., Itoh, K., Yamamoto, M. P., & Hayes, J. D. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m601119200 · Cited by 495
The atypical Rho GTPases Miro-1 and Miro-2 have essential roles in mitochondrial trafficking.
Fransson, S., Ruusala, A., & Aspenström, P. (2006) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.163 · Cited by 479
Eggler, A. L., Liu, G., Pezzuto, J. M., van Breemen, R. B., & Mesecar, A. D. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0502402102 · Cited by 476
Tong, K. I., Padmanabhan, B., Kobayashi, A., Shang, C., Hirotsu, Y., Yokoyama, S., & Yamamoto, M. P. (2007) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00753-07 · Cited by 459
NUCLEAR AND MITOCHONDRIAL COMPARTMENTATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND REDOX SIGNALING
Hansen, J. M., Go, Y., & Jones, D. P. (2005) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141122 · Cited by 406
Hong, F., Freeman, M. L., & Liebler, D. C. (2005) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx0502138 · Cited by 404
Atypical Rho GTPases Have Roles in Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Apoptosis
Fransson, Å., Ruusala, A., & Aspenström, P. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m208609200 · Cited by 396
The Keap1 BTB/POZ dimerization function is required to sequester Nrf2 in cytoplasm
Zipper, L. M., & Mulcahy, R. T. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m206530200 · Cited by 366
Nguyen, T., Sherratt, P. J., Nioi, P., Yang, C. S., & Pickett, C. B. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m503074200 · Cited by 345
Yoh, K., Itoh, K., Enomoto, A., Hirayama, A., Yamaguchi, N., Kobayashi, M., Morito, N., Kôyama, A., Yamamoto, M. P., & Takahashi, S. (2001) · Kidney International · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00939.x · Cited by 345
Sun, Z., Zhang, S., Chan, J. Y., & Zhang, D. D. (2007) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00630-07 · Cited by 332
Specific Patterns of Electrophile Adduction Trigger Keap1 Ubiquitination and Nrf2 Activation
Hong, F., Sekhar, K. R., Freeman, M. L., & Liebler, D. C. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m503346200 · Cited by 316
Dhakshinamoorthy, S., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2001) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204506 · Cited by 290
Gao, L., Wang, J., Sekhar, K. R., Yin, H., Yared, N. F., Schneider, S. N., Sasi, S., Dalton, T. P., Anderson, M. E., Chan, J. Y., et al. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m607622200 · Cited by 289
Shih, A. Y., Imbeault, S., Barakauskas, V., Erb, H., Jiang, L., Li, P., & Murphy, T. H. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m414635200 · Cited by 273
Association of DJ-1 and parkin mediated by pathogenic DJ-1 mutations and oxidative stress
Moore, D. J., Zhang, L., Troncoso, J. C., Lee, M. K., Hattori, N., Mizuno, Y., Dawson, T. M., & Dawson, V. L. (2004) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddi007 · Cited by 248
Calkins, M. J., Jakel, R. J., Johnson, D. A., Chan, K., Kan, Y. W., & Johnson, J. A. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0408487101 · Cited by 247
Ma, Q., Battelli, L. A., & Hubbs, A. F. (2006) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2006.051113 · Cited by 246
Velichkova, M., & Hasson, T. (2005) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.25.11.4501-4513.2005 · Cited by 243
Sumara, I., Quadroni, M., Frei, C., Olma, M. H., Sumara, G., Ricci, R., & Peter, M. (2007) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2007.03.019 · Cited by 234
Osburn, W. O., Wakabayashi, N., Misra, V., Nilles, T. L., Biswal, S. S., Trush, M. A., & Kensler, T. W. (2006) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2006.08.005 · Cited by 225
Specificity in reactive oxidant signaling: think globally, act locally
Terada, L. S. (2006) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200605036 · Cited by 215
Tang, X., Orlicky, S., Lin, Z., Willems, A., Neculai, D., Ceccarelli, D., Mercurio, F., Shilton, B. H., Sicheri, F., & Tyers, M. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.04.042 · Cited by 209
Lo, S.-C., & Hannink, M. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m606539200 · Cited by 199 · cited 6×
“The PGAM5-L cDNA (Accession number BG030775), the PGAM5-S cDNA (Accession number BC008196) and mutant PGAM5-L-E79A/S80A cDNA have been described previously [46].”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationNemoto, Y., & Camilli, P. V. D. (1999) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/18.11.2991 · Cited by 195
Disruption of mitochondrial redox circuitry in oxidative stress
Jones, D. P. (2006) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2006.07.008 · Cited by 176
Karapetian, R. N., Evstafieva, A. G., Abaeva, I. S., Chichkova, N. V., Filonov, G. S., Rubtsov, Y. P., Sukhacheva, E. A., Melnikov, S. V., Schneider, U., Wanker, E. E., et al. (2005) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.25.3.1089-1099.2005 · Cited by 173
Regulation of ZAP-70 Activation and TCR Signaling by Two Related Proteins, Sts-1 and Sts-2
Carpino, N., Turner, S., Mekala, D. J., Takahashi, Y., Zang, H., Geiger, T. L., Doherty, P. C., & Ihle, J. N. (2004) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00351-0 · Cited by 169
Setoguchi, K., Otera, H., & Mihara, K. (2006) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601438 · Cited by 163
He, X., Chen, M. G., Lin, G. X., & Ma, Q. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m604120200 · Cited by 163
Genetic dissection of systemic autoimmune disease in Nrf2-deficient mice
Li, J., Stein, T. D., & Johnson, J. A. (2004) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00209.2003 · Cited by 154
Kowanetz, K., Crosetto, N., Haglund, K., Schmidt, M. H. H., Heldin, C.-H., & Dikic, I. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m403759200 · Cited by 147
Jedrzejas, M. J. (2000) · Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0079-6107(00)00007-9 · Cited by 145
Subcellular localization and cytoplasmic complex status of endogenous Keap1
Watai, Y., Kobayashi, A., Nagase, H., Mizukami, M., McEvoy, J. D., Singer, J. D., Itoh, K., & Yamamoto, M. P. (2007) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2007.01118.x · Cited by 141
Oxidative stress: A bridge between Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease
Zana, M., Janka, Z., & Kalman, J. L. (2006) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.03.008 · Cited by 140
Mitochondrial failures in Alzheimer's disease
Zhu, X., Smith, M. A., Perry, G. L., & Aliev, G. (2004) · American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® · doi:10.1177/153331750401900611 · Cited by 125
A Phosphatase Activity of Sts-1 Contributes to the Suppression of TCR Signaling
Mikhailik, A., Ford, B. A., Keller, J. C., Chen, Y., Nassar, N. N., & Carpino, N. (2007) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.06.015 · Cited by 123
CAND1-Mediated Substrate Adaptor Recycling Is Required for Efficient Repression of Nrf2 by Keap1
Lo, S., & Hannink, M. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.26.4.1235-1244.2006 · Cited by 99
Self-citationSchmidt, W., & Alam, M. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_42 · Cited by 92
Hammond, P. W., Alpin, J., Rise, C. E., Wright, M. C., & Kreider, B. L. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m011641200 · Cited by 92
A human homologue of Drosophila kelch associates with myosin‐VIIa in specialized adhesion junctions
Velichkova, M., Guttman, J. A., Warren, C. M., Eng, L., Kline, K., Vogl, A. W., & Hasson, T. (2002) · Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton · doi:10.1002/cm.10025 · Cited by 90
The Cullin3 Ubiquitin Ligase Functions as a Nedd8-bound Heterodimer
Wimuttisuk, W., & Singer, J. D. (2006) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-06-0542 · Cited by 85
MITOPRED: a web server for the prediction of mitochondrial proteins
Guda, C., Guda, P., Fahy, E., & Subramaniam, S. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkh374 · Cited by 75
Fbw7 Isoform Interaction Contributes to Cyclin E Proteolysis
Zhang, W., & Koepp, D. M. (2006) · Molecular Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-06-0253 · Cited by 67
Chew, E., Poobalasingam, T., Hawkey, C. J., & Hagen, T. (2006) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.12.002 · Cited by 63
Interaction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
Goetz, J. G., & Nabi, I. R. (2006) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst0340370 · Cited by 59
The Rotenone model of Parkinsonism — the five years inspection
Höglinger, G. U., Oertel, W. H., & Hirsch, É. C. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_41 · Cited by 54
High susceptibility of a human oligodendroglial cell line to herpes simplex type 1 infection
Bello‐Morales, R., Fedetz, M., Alcina, A., Tabarés, E., & López‐Guerrero, J. A. (2005) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1080/13550280590924179 · Cited by 49
姜, 文. (2007) · Terrestrial Environment Research Center (University of Tsukuba) · Cited by 39
Rashid‐Doubell, F., Tannetta, D., Redman, C. W. G., Sargent, I. L., Boyd, C. A. R., & Linton, E. A. (2006) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2005.12.005 · Cited by 36
Fetal Alz-50 Clone 1 Interacts with the Human Orthologue of the Kelch-like Ech-Associated Protein
Strachan, G. D., Morgan, K. L., Otis, L. L., Caltagarone, J., Gittis, A. H., Bowser, R. P., & Jordan‐Sciutto, K. L. (2004) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi0494166 · Cited by 34
Velichkova, M., & Hasson, T. (2003) · Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton · doi:10.1002/cm.10138 · Cited by 24
Davies, L., Anderson, I., Turner, P., Shirras, A. D., Rees, H. H., & Rigden, D. J. (2007) · Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.21357 · Cited by 24
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Role of nrf2 in oxidative stress and toxicity
Ma, Q. (2013) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011112-140320 · Cited by 4,903
Transcriptional Regulation by Nrf2
Tonelli, C., Chio, I. I. C., & Tuveson, D. A. (2017) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2017.7342 · Cited by 2,280
The Nrf2 regulatory network provides an interface between redox and intermediary metabolism
Hayes, J. D., & Dinkova‐Kostova, A. T. (2014) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2014.02.002 · Cited by 2,210
Reactive oxygen species and mitochondria: A nexus of cellular homeostasis
Dunn, J. D., Álvarez, L., Zhang, X., & Soldati, T. (2015) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2015.09.005 · Cited by 1,233
Proteasomal and Autophagic Degradation Systems
Đikić, I. (2017) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-061516-044908 · Cited by 1,217
Metadata
- Authors
- Lo, S.-C., & Hannink, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hannink, Mark
- Venue
- Experimental Cell Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 314
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1789-1803
- ISSN
- 0014-4827 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2409987
- OpenAlex
- W1974124666
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 2.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Experimental Cell Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1 RO1 AT003389)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
- Keywords
- PGAM5, Keap1, Nrf2, ternary complex, mitochondrial outer membrane, redox homeostasis, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant gene expression, proteasomal degradation
- MeSH terms
- Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, Cell Nucleus, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Mitochondria, Molecular Sequence Data, Phosphoglycerate Mutase, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, Protein Isoforms, Protein Sorting Signals, Mitochondrial Proteins, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, NF-E2-Related Factor 2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review