The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An interactive system for finding complementary literatures: a stimulus to scientific discovery
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Co‐citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents
Small, H. (1973) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science · doi:10.1002/asi.4630240406 · Cited by 5,345
(1973) · Cited by 1,638
Scholarly communication and bibliometrics
Borgman, C. L., & Furner, J. (2002) · Annual Review of Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/aris.1440360102 · Cited by 1,121
Langley, P., Simon, H. A., Bradshaw, G. L., & Zytkow, J. M. (1993) · Readings in Philosophy and Cognitive Science · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5782.003.0013 · Cited by 1,090
Fish Oil, Raynaud's Syndrome, and Undiscovered Public Knowledge
Swanson, D. R. (1986) · Perspectives in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1353/pbm.1986.0087 · Cited by 866
Self-citationScientific Discovery: Computational Explorations of the Creative Processes
Pat Langley, B., Simon, H. A., Bradshaw, G. L., & Żytkow, J. M. (1987) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 802
The Processes of Scientific Discovery: The Strategy of Experimentation
Kulkarni, D., & Simon, H. A. (1988) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog1202_1 · Cited by 403
Migraine and Magnesium: Eleven Neglected Connections
Swanson, D. R. (1988) · Perspectives in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1353/pbm.1988.0009 · Cited by 382
Self-citationSwanson, D. R. (1986) · The Library Quarterly · doi:10.1086/601720 · Cited by 370
Self-citationMedical literature as a potential source of new knowledge.
Swanson, D. R. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 231
Self-citation
Cited by
Hand, D. J. (2007) · Drug Safety · doi:10.2165/00002018-200730070-00010 · Cited by 1,044
Exploiting semantic relations for literature-based discovery.
(2006) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 160
Recent advances in biomedical literature mining
Zhao, S., Su, C., Lu, Z., & Wang, F. (2021) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbaa057 · Cited by 134
Literature Based Discovery: Models, methods, and trends
Henry, S., & McInnes, B. T. (2017) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2017.08.011 · Cited by 121
A survey on literature based discovery approaches in biomedical domain
Gopalakrishnan, V., Jha, K., Jin, W., & Zhang, A. (2019) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103141 · Cited by 76
Metadata
- Authors
- Swanson, D. R., & Smalheiser, N. R.
- Venue
- Artificial Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-04
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 183-203
- ISSN
- 0004-3702 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2024030746
- Cited by
- 462
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 28.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An interactive system for finding complementary literatures: a stimulus to scientific discovery. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00008-8
- The paper
- Swanson, D. R., & Smalheiser, N. R. (1997). An interactive system for finding complementary literatures: a stimulus to scientific discovery. Artificial Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(97)00008-8
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.