Neurobiological aspects of PTSD: review of clinical and preclinical studies
Open accessAbstract
Although physiologic studies of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) date to World War I, clinical neuroscience has only recently explored biological mechanisms involved in this disorder. This review will selectively consider clinical and preclinical studies pertaining to biological theories and pharmacological treatments for PTSD, highlighting the role of central noradrenergic systems in its pathophysiology.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Responses to trauma have been linked to the noradrenergic system.
“Indeed, whereas responses to trauma have been linked to the noradrenergic system (Bremner et al., 1996a(Bremner et al., , 1996b;;Krystal et al., 1989), ketamine (a glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonist) has been shown to induce detachment and withdrawal as well as sensory distortions and illusions (Krystal et al., 1994).”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Krystal et al., 1989
Cites
Failure to escape traumatic shock.
Seligman, M. E., & Maier, S. F. (1967) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0024514 · Cited by 1,981 · see citing works
Foote, S. L., Aston-Jones, G., & Bloom, F. E. (1980) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.77.5.3033 · Cited by 857 · see citing works
Induction of synaptic potentiation in hippocampus by patterned stimulation involves two events
Larson, J., & Lynch, G. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3704635 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
A psychophysiological study of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Vietnam veterans
Blanchard, E. B., Kolb, L. C., Pallmeyer, T. P., & Gerardi, R. J. (1982) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/bf01064817 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Outcome of psychotherapy among early adolescents after trauma
(1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.4.536 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Animal defensive reactions as a model for trauma-induced dissociative reactions
Nijenhuis, E. R. S., Vanderlinden, J., & Spinhoven, P. (1998) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1024447003022 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
The Psychobiology of Children Exposed to Marital Violence
Saltzman, K. M., Holden, G. W., & Holahan, C. J. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_12 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
The biological response to psychic trauma: Mechanisms and treatment of intrusion and numbing
van Der Kolk, B. A., & Saporta, J. (1991) · Anxiety Research · doi:10.1080/08917779108248774 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
McKinnon, M. C., Boyd, J. E., Frewen, P. A., Lanius, U. F., Jetly, R., Richardson, J. D., & Lanius, R. A. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.017 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
“Indeed, whereas responses to trauma have been linked to the noradrenergic system (Bremner et al., 1996a, 1996b; Krystal et al., 1989), ketamine (a glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonist) has been shown to induce detachment and withdrawal as well as sensory distortions and illusions (Krystal et al.,…”
Coping with the stress of a painful medical procedure
Fauerbach, J. A., Lawrence, J. W., Haythornthwaite, J. A., & Richter, L. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00079-1 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Pole, N., Cumberbatch, E., Taylor, W. M., Metzler, T. J., Marmar, C. R., & Neylan, T. C. (2006) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1300/j229v06n04_04 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Recent Developments in the Neurobiology of Dissociation
Krystal, J. H., Bennett, A., Bremner, J. D., Southwick, S. M., & Charney, D. S. (1996) · Handbook of Dissociation · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0310-5_8 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationLipov, E. (2013) · Trauma & Treatment · doi:10.4172/2167-1222.1000181 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
- Authors
- Krystal, J. H., Kosten, T. R., Southwick, S., Mason, J. W., Perry, B. D., & Giller, E. L.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- UConn Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Krystal, John H.
- Venue
- Behavior Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1989
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 177-198
- ISSN
- 0005-7894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1997808348
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 11.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Behavior Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, neurobiology of PTSD, noradrenergic system, central noradrenergic system, pathophysiology, pharmacotherapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
