The disruptive nature of pain: An experimental investigation
Abstract
Pain interrupts, distracts and takes effort to ignore. Focusing our research attention upon this central aspect of pain experience, an experimental paradigm is introduced to study the disruptive nature of pain. Healthy volunteers were exposed several times to an electrical pain stimulus and a control stimulus. Tone probes were presented immediately (100 ms) and later on (1500 ms) after pain/control onset, and after pain/control offset (1000 ms). Results clearly showed disruption during pain. This disruptive effect was most marked immediately after onset. No differential results between pain and control conditions were observed later on during the pain experience. These results are interpreted within current cognitive and psychophysiological theories of attention. Emphasis is placed upon the importance of the experimental investigation of the role of attention in pain processing.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Research has focused on the characteristics of pain situations that lead to the initial intrusion into the space of attention, including variables such as intensity, novelty, expectation, fear, or catastrophizing.
“Because the presence of pain does not always interfere with ongoing action, research has focused on the characteristics of pain situations that lead to the initial intrusion into the space of attention (or attentional interference), including variables such as intensity, novelty, expectation, fear, or catastrophizing.”
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pain demands attention: A cognitive–affective model of the interruptive function of pain.
Eccleston, C., & Crombez, G. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.356 · Cited by 1,718 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effect of pain on cognitive function: A review of clinical and preclinical research
Moriarty, O., McGuire, B. E., & Finn, D. P. (2011) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.01.002 · Cited by 1,122 · see citing works
Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain: The Next Generation
Crombez, G., Eccleston, C., Van Damme, S., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Karoly, P. (2012) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e3182385392 · Cited by 960 · see citing works
Self-citationKucyi, A., & Davis, K. D. (2015) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2014.11.006 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
A pain neuromatrix approach to patients with chronic pain
Moseley, G. L. (2003) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/s1356-689x(03)00051-1 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
The Interruptive Effect of Pain on Attention
Moore, D. J., Keogh, E., & Eccleston, C. (2012) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470218.2011.626865 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Self-citationDoes cognitive functioning predict chronic pain? Results from a prospective surgical cohort
Attal, N., Masselin-Dubois, A., Martinez, V., Jayr, C., Albi, A., Fermanian, J., Bouhassira, D., & Baudic, S. (2014) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt354 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Gut memories: Towards a cognitive neurobiology of irritable bowel syndrome
Kennedy, P. J., Clarke, G., Quigley, E. M. M., Groeger, J. A., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.07.001 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Morley, S., & Crombez, G. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.08.016 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Positive Consequences of Pain: A Biopsychosocial Approach
Bastian, B., Jetten, J., Hornsey, M. J., & Leknes, S. (2014) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868314527831 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Attention to pain and fear of pain in patients with chronic pain
Crombez, G., Viane, I., Eccleston, C., Devulder, J., & Goubert, L. (2013) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-012-9433-1 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationMcCracken, L. M. (2007) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2006.08.004 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
- Authors
- Crombez, G., Eccleston, C., Baeyens, F., & Eelen, P.
- Affiliations
- Fund for Scientific Research (BE)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Crombez, Geert
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-11
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 11-12
- Pages
- 911-918
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1970079829
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Keywords
- pain, attention, attentional disruption, pain processing, pain experience
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Arousal, Attention, Electroshock, Female, Humans, Male, Pain, Pitch Discrimination, Pain Threshold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review