The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mechanisms that explain the contraceptive action of progestin implants for women
Abstract
Four different contraceptive implants for women, in the form of capsules or covered rods, that release either one of the synthetic progestins levonorgestrel, etonogestrel, Nestorone, or Elcometrine and nomegestrol acetate were considered. These progestins act by binding to their receptors located in diverse target cells, which are distributed along the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-genital tract axis. These implants differ in the extent to which each one interferes with various steps of the reproductive process and in the intensity with which each one affects the same process along its effective life, but they have in common the ability to interfere with several key processes required for gamete encounter and fertilization. The steps they interfere with most are the ovulatory process, through partial or complete inhibition of the gonadotropin surge, and by changing the quality of cervical mucus; they restrict or suppress the access of fertile spermatozoa to the site of fertilization. Changes in endometrial development also occur, but this contribution to the contraceptive action is difficult to determine at the present time.
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“From a biological perspective, we know that progesterone-only hormonal birth control methods do induce contraceptive states [35]”
From A Survey of Mathematical Modeling of Hormonal Contraception and the Menstrual Cycle (2024) · cites this paper as [35]
Citations
Cites
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Glasier, A. F. (2002) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00284-0 · Cited by 117
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Postcoital treatment with levonorgestrel does not disrupt postfertilization events in the rat
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Self-citationProgesterone: Review of safety for clinical studies.
Goletiani, N. V., Keith, D. R., & Gorsky, S. J. (2007) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.15.5.427 · Cited by 90
Metadata
- Authors
- Croxatto, H. B.
- Affiliations
- Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva (CL)
- Corresponding author
- Croxatto, Horacio B.
- Venue
- Contraception
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-27
- ISSN
- 0010-7824 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2044424478
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Contraception (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- contraceptive implants, progestins, levonorgestrel, etonogestrel, norethisterone, norethisterone acetate, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, ovulation inhibition, luteinizing hormone surge, cervical mucus, sperm transport, endometrium, female contraception
- MeSH terms
- Cervix Mucus, Contraceptive Devices, Female, Drug Implants, Endometrium, Female, Humans, Ovary, Progesterone Congeners
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