The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 76 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distinct functions of Rho and Rac are required for convergent extension during Xenopus gastrulation
Open accessAbstract
We have undertaken the first detailed analysis of Rho GTPase function during vertebrate development by analyzing how RhoA and Rac1 control convergent extension of axial mesoderm during Xenopus gastrulation. Monitoring of a number of parameters in time-lapse recordings of mesoderm explants revealed that Rac and Rho have both distinct and overlapping roles in regulating the motility of axial mesoderm cells. The cell behaviors revealed by activated or inhibitory versions of these GTPases in native tissue were clearly distinct from those previously documented in cultured fibroblasts. The dynamic properties and polarity of protrusive activity, along with lamellipodia formation, were controlled by the two GTPases operating in a partially redundant manner, while Rho and Rac contributed separately to cell shape and filopodia formation. We propose that Rho and Rac operate in distinct signaling pathways that are integrated to control cell motility during convergent extension.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Many other components of non-canonical pathway were also shown to disrupt convergent extension, including Dsh, Fz, Daam1, Rho, Rac, Prickle and Strabismus.65–74”
From Wnt signal transduction pathways (2008) · cites this paper as [70]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Normal Table of Xenopus Laevis (Daudin)
Nieuwkoop, P. D., & Faber, J. (1958) · Copeia · doi:10.2307/1439568 · Cited by 4,542
Ridley, A. J., & Hall, A. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90163-7 · Cited by 4,469
Nobes, C. D., & Hall, A. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90370-4 · Cited by 4,414
The small GTP-binding protein rac regulates growth factor-induced membrane ruffling
Ridley, A. J., Paterson, H. F., Johnston, C. L., Diekmann, D., & Hall, A. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90164-8 · Cited by 3,616
Normal table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin)
Gurdon, J. B. (1995) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(00)89129-5 · Cited by 2,888
Appendix G: In Situ Hybridization: An Improved Whole-Mount Method for Xenopus Embryos
Harland, R. M. (1991) · Methods in cell biology · doi:10.1016/s0091-679x(08)60307-6 · Cited by 2,048
The Rho family GTPases RhoA, Racl , and CDC42Hsregulate transcriptional activation by SRF
Hill, C. S., Wynne, J., & Treisman, R. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(05)80020-0 · Cited by 1,269
Smith, J. C., Price, B. M. J., Green, J. B. A., Weigel, D., & Herrmann, B. G. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90573-h · Cited by 971
Langdale, J. A. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2694-9_18 · Cited by 869
Habas, R., Kato, Y., & He, X. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00614-6 · Cited by 842
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–160 of 160
The planar cell polarity protein VANGL2 coordinates remodeling of the extracellular matrix
Williams, B. B., Mundell, N. A., Dunlap, J. A., & Jessen, J. R. (2012) · Communicative & Integrative Biology · doi:10.4161/cib.20291 · Cited by 24
PI3K and Erk MAPK mediate ErbB signaling in Xenopus gastrulation
Nie, S., & Chang, C. (2007) · Mechanisms of Development · doi:10.1016/j.mod.2007.07.005 · Cited by 22
Stry, M. V., McLaughlin, K. A., Ataliotis, P., & Symes, K. (2004) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.12.030 · Cited by 21
Self-citationPopov, I. A., Kwon, T., Crossman, D. K., Crowley, M. R., Wallingford, J. B., & Chang, C. (2016) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.05.014 · Cited by 21
Rho GTPases Signaling in Zebrafish Development and Disease
Boueid, M., Mikdache, A., Lesport, E., Degerny, C., & Tawk, M. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9122634 · Cited by 20
Apoptosis regulates notochord development in Xenopus
Malikova, M. A., Stry, M. V., & Symes, K. (2007) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.08.047 · Cited by 20
Self-citationvan Eekelen, M., Runtuwene, V., Overvoorde, J., & den Hertog, J. (2010) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.02.026 · Cited by 21
Vertebrate Gastrulation: Polarity Genes Control the Matrix
Wallingford, J. B. (2005) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.05.029 · Cited by 19
Role of RhoC in digit morphogenesis during limb development
Montero, J. A., Zuzarte‐Luís, V., García‐Martínez, V., & Hurlé, J. M. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.11.019 · Cited by 18
ARVCF catenin controls force production during vertebrate convergent extension
Huebner, R. J., Weng, S., Lee, C., Sarıkaya, S., Papoulas, O., Cox, R. M., Marcotte, E. M., & Wallingford, J. B. (2022) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2022.04.001 · Cited by 14
An adhesion-independent, aPKC-dependent function for cadherins in morphogenetic movements
Seifert, K., Ibrahim, H., Stodtmeister, T., Winklbauer, R., & Niessen, C. M. (2009) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.042796 · Cited by 14
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Hace1 is required for early embryonic development in Xenopus laevis
Iimura, A., Yamazaki, F., Suzuki, T., Endo, T., Nishida, E., & Kusakabe, M. (2016) · BMC Developmental Biology · doi:10.1186/s12861-016-0132-y · Cited by 14
Morphogenetic cell movements shaping the zebrafish gastrula
Jessen, J. R., & Solnica‐Krezel, L. (2005) · Advances in developmental biology · doi:10.1016/s1574-3349(05)14007-1 · Cited by 14
The Role of Sdf‐1α signaling in Xenopus laevis somite morphogenesis
Leal, M. A., Fickel, S. R., Sabillo, A., Ramirez, J. C., Vergara, H. M., Nave, C., Saw, D., & Domingo, C. R. (2013) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.24092 · Cited by 14
KazrinA is required for axial elongation and epidermal integrity in Xenopus tropicalis
Sevilla, L. M., Rana, A. A., Watt, F. M., & Smith, J. C. (2008) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.21557 · Cited by 14
Identification of Rho GTPases implicated in terminal differentiation of muscle cells in ascidia
Coisy‐Quivy, M., Sanguesa, J., Weill, M., Johnson, D. S., Donnay, J.-M., Hipskind, R. A., Fort, P., & Philips, A. (2006) · Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1042/bc20060032 · Cited by 12
Expression of RhoB in the developing Xenopus laevis embryo
Vignal, E., Barbara, P. D. S., Guémar, L., Donnay, J.-M., Fort, P., & Faure, S. (2006) · Gene Expression Patterns · doi:10.1016/j.modgep.2006.09.002 · Cited by 13
Kakebeen, A. D., Huebner, R. J., Shindo, A., Kwon, K., Kwon, T., Wills, A. E., & Wallingford, J. B. (2020) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.289 · Cited by 12
Inhibition of cell adhesion by xARVCF indicates a regulatory function at the plasma membrane
Reintsch, W., Mandato, C. A., McCrea, P. D., & Fagotto, F. (2008) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.21651 · Cited by 11
Intercalating Arabidopsis Leaf Cells: A Jigsaw Puzzle of Lobes, Necks, ROPs, and RICs
Settleman, J. E. (2005) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.025 · Cited by 11
Troshina, T. G., Glagoleva, N. S., & Belousov, L. V. (2011) · Russian Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1134/s1062360411050109 · Cited by 10
Devitt, C. C., Lee, C., Cox, R. M., Papoulas, O., Alvarado, J., Shekhar, S., Marcotte, E. M., & Wallingford, J. B. (2021) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.254011 · Cited by 10
The TORC2 Component, Sin1, Controls Migration of Anterior Mesendoderm during Zebrafish Gastrulation
Dumortier, J. G., & David, N. B. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118474 · Cited by 10
Analysis of Cell Shape and Polarity During Zebrafish Gastrulation
Weiser, D. C., & Kimelman, D. (2011) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-510-7_5 · Cited by 9
Lineage-specific expansions provide genomic complexity among sea urchin GTPases
Beane, W. S., Voronina, E., Wessel, G. M., & McClay, D. R. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.08.046 · Cited by 10
Primary Cilia in Pancreatic β- and α-Cells: Time to Revisit the Role of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme
Pablos, M. I., Casanueva-Álvarez, E., González-Casimiro, C. M., Merino, B., Perdomo, G., & Cózar‐Castellano, I. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.922825 · Cited by 12
Tanaka, K., Nishio, R., Haneda, K., & Abe, H. (2005) · ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE · doi:10.2108/zsj.22.955 · Cited by 9
Detection of activated Rho in fixed Xenopus tissue
Berger, C. D., März, M., Kitzing, T. M., Grosse, R., & Steinbeißer, H. (2009) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.21884 · Cited by 8
Planar cell polarity: Heading in the right direction
Kiefer, J. C. (2005) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.20359 · Cited by 8
Nelson, K. K., & Nelson, R. W. (2004) · BMC Developmental Biology · doi:10.1186/1471-213x-4-13 · Cited by 8
Yoon, J., Kumar, V., Goutam, R. S., Kim, S., Park, S., Lee, U., & Kim, J. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11010044 · Cited by 6
Recent discoveries in vertebrate non‐canonical Wnt signaling: Towards a Wnt signaling network
Pandur, P. (2005) · Advances in developmental biology · doi:10.1016/s1574-3349(05)14005-8 · Cited by 5
Cell migration under control of Wnt‐signaling in the vertebrate embryo
Köhler, A., Schambony, A., & Wedlich, D. (2007) · Advances in developmental biology · doi:10.1016/s1574-3349(06)17005-2 · Cited by 4
The interface between cell and developmental biology
Tahinci, E., & Lee, E. N. (2004) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2004.06.013 · Cited by 4
Self-citationGiger, F. A., Dumortier, J. G., & David, N. B. (2016) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/53792 · Cited by 4
Epithelial cells provide immunocompetence to the early embryo for bacterial clearance
Roncero-Carol, J., Olaizola-Muñoa, J., Arán, B., Mularoni, L., Cuesta, M. M., Blanco‐Cabra, N., Casals, M., Rumbo, M., Solé, M., Ojosnegros, S., et al. (2025) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2025.05.025 · Cited by 3
The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase Arg regulates gastrulation via control of actin organization
Bonacci, G., Fletcher, J., Devani, M., Dwivedi, H., Keller, R. E., & Chang, C. (2012) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.01.008 · Cited by 3
A Brief Account of Rho GTPases in Retinal Physiology and Pathophysiology
Heynen, S. R., Ogunshola, O. O., & Grimm, C. (2011) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0631-0_74 · Cited by 3
Planar Cell Polarity and the Cell Biology of Nervous System Development and Disease
Manak, J. R. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802438-6.00006-1 · Cited by 2
Myosin II in early Xenopus morphogenesis
Rolo, A. (2007) · doi:10.18130/v3fc9j · Cited by 1
Huebner, R. J., Weng, S., Lee, C., Sarıkaya, S., Papoulas, O., Cox, R. M., Marcotte, E. M., & Wallingford, J. B. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.06.21.449290 · Cited by 1
The function of PTK7 during Xenopus neural crest migration
Shnitsar, I. (2009) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-3239 · Cited by 1
Analyzing the Function of PTK7 in Cell Migration
Podleschny, M. (2012) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-1579 · Cited by 1
Developmental biomechanics of early vertebrate embryonic tissues
Zhou, J. (2010) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in midbrain dopaminergic neurons
Rawal, N. (2006) · Figshare
Cell Movements during Early Vertebrate Morphogenesis
Münsterberg, A., & Wheeler, G. N. (2005) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527619689.ch4
Mechanisms of Wnt signaling: from embryonic stem cells to dopaminergic neurons
Čajánek, L. (2011) · Figshare
Wnts in development : Focus on midbrain
Andersson, E. R. (2009) · Figshare
Regulation von Gewebegrenzen: Viele Wege führen zu Rho
Köster, I., Jungwirth, M. S., & Steinbeißer, H. (2011) · BIOspektrum · doi:10.1007/s12268-011-0119-y
The effects of Wnt5a and Wnt3a and PCP signaling on Schwann cell biology and myelination
Jani, N. (2012) · Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) · doi:10.7282/t3xk8dc8
A Role for the Planar Cell Polarity Pathway in Neuronal Positioning Along the AP Axis of C. elegans.
Tanner, R. (2014) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-5738
Wnt/planar cell polarity mechanisms in epilepsy and interactions with ciliopathy
Xue, M., Bassuk, A. G., Houston, D. W., Lin, F. H., Eberl, D. F., & Slusarski, D. C. (2014) · doi:10.17077/etd.vw9ngwvs
Dynamic Cortical Actin Contractions During Convergence and Extension of Frog Embryo
Kim, H. Y. (2011) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Cell-matrix adhesion in muscle development and disease
Goody, M. F. (2012) · DigitalCommons (California Polytechnic State University)
Kimelman, D. (2007) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.1069738.522660
Steinbeißer, H. (2004) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.1022322.254621
Chu, C.-W., Stuckenholz, C., Gerges, M., & Davidson, L. A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.08.26.505384
Functional analysis of the nonconventional myosin myosin1g in zebrafish left-right asymmetry
Kurup, A. J. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/0c93f514z3fc7z409ezaed7z5751e5abf7ab
Metadata
- Authors
- Tahinci, E., & Symes, K.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Symes, Karen
- ORCID
- Symes, Karen
- Venue
- Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 259
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 318-335
- ISSN
- 0012-1606 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090667868
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 3669 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Developmental Biology (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (R01 CA87375, R01CA087375)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Keywords
- RhoA, Rac1, convergent extension, Xenopus gastrulation, axial mesoderm, cell motility, lamellipodia, filopodia, cell shape, GTPase signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Gastrula, Mesoderm, Pseudopodia, Xenopus, Signal Transduction, Cell Polarity, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, rac GTP-Binding Proteins, Cell Size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review