Distribution and quantification of immunoreactive orexin A in rat tissues
Open accessAbstract
A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for orexin A was developed. Orexin A immunoreactivity was found to be confined to the central nervous system (CNS) with the highest concentrations in the hypothalamus, inferior and superior colliculi and brainstem. Within the hypothalamus, the highest levels were found in the lateral and posterior hypothalamus. These regions had a greater orexin A content in females compared to males. The orexin A content of hypothalamic regions did not change with fasting and no difference was noted in hypothalami of rats fed a high fat diet. The hypothalamic orexin A content was not different in obese Zucker rats compared to lean controls. Thus, orexin A has a wide distribution in the CNS, but appetite regulation may not be its main function.
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There are differences in orexin neuron populations between males and females.
“There are differences in orexin neuron populations between males and females.”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [109]
Section 3.1 reports greater orexin A immunoreactivity in the lateral and posterior hypothalamus of female rats than male rats. This supports a sex difference in regional peptide content, but the paper does not establish a difference in orexin neuron populations or neuron counts. Page numbers were not provided in our copy's passages. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThere is more of the precursor mRNA to orexin, prepro-orexin, in female animals, and higher levels of orexin in females.
“There is more of the precursor mRNA to orexin, prepro-orexin, in female animals,108 and higher levels of orexin in females.109”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [109]
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Cites
The hypocretins: hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity
de Lecea, L., Kilduff, T. S., Peyron, C., Gao, X.-B., Foye, P. E., Danielson, P. E., Fukuhara, C., Battenberg, E. L. F., Gautvik, V. T., Bartlett, F. S., et al. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.1.322 · Cited by 3,878 · see citing works
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Trivedi, P., Hong, Y., Douglas, J., MacNeil, L.H.T., Van der Ploeg and Guan, X.-M. (1998) FEBS Lett. 438, pp. 71^75.
- Palkovits, M. and Brownstein, M.J. (1988) Maps and Guide to Microdissection of the Rat Brain, Elsevier, London.
- Adrian, T.E. (1982) in: Radioimmunoassay of Gut Regulatory Peptides (Bloom, S.R. and Long, R.G., Eds.), W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Broberger, C., De Lecca, L., Sutcli¡e, J.G. and Hokfelt, T., J. Comp. Neurol. 402, pp. 460^474.
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Sleep Neurobiology for the Clinician
(2004) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.4.811 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Sexually dimorphic expression of prepro-orexin mRNA in the rat hypothalamus
Jöhren, O., Neidert, S. J., Kummer, M., & Dominiak, P. (2002) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(02)00052-9 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Neurobiological and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Women’s Sleep
Dorsey, A., de Lecea, L., & Jennings, K. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.625397 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System
Somach, R. T., Lim, M. M., & Cohen, A. S. (2025) · Neurotrauma Reports · doi:10.1089/neur.2024.0111 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Taheri, S., Mahmoodi, M., Opacka-Juffry, J., Ghatei, M. A., & Bloom, S. R.
- Affiliations
- Hammersmith Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Bloom, Stephen R.
- Venue
- FEBS Letters
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-08-20
- Volume
- 457
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 157-161
- ISSN
- 0014-5793 (ISSN-L)
- 1873-3468
- OpenAlex
- W2028344710
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 8.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- FEBS Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- orexin-A, hypothalamus, central nervous system distribution, radioimmunoassay, sex differences, fasting, high-fat diet, obesity, Zucker rats, appetite regulation, brainstem, colliculi
- MeSH terms
- Orexins, Animals, Brain Stem, Carrier Proteins, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, Chromatography, Liquid, Fasting, Female, Hypothalamus, Male, Neuropeptides, Radioimmunoassay, Rats, Zucker, Tissue Distribution, Rats, Wistar, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Rats
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