Neurobiological and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Women’s Sleep

Dorsey, Alanna; de Lecea, Luis; Jennings, Kimberly J.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.625397

Cited by 100Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and related disordersCircadian rhythm and melatonin

Neurobiological and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Women’s Sleep

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Dorsey, Alanna, de Lecea, Luis, Jennings, Kimberly J.·2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/fnins.2020.625397PMC PMC7840832

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Abstract

Sleep is crucial for optimal well-being, and sex differences in sleep quality have significant implications for women’s health. We review the current literature on sex differences in sleep, such as differences in objective and subjective sleep measures and their relationship with aging. We then discuss the convincing evidence for the role of ovarian hormones in regulating female sleep, and survey how these hormones act on a multitude of brain regions and neurochemicals to impact sleep. Lastly, we identify several important areas in need of future research to narrow the knowledge gap and improve the health of women and other understudied populations.

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While women normally have longer and better sleep, they also report a higher incidence of sleep disorders.
“Interestingly, while women normally have longer and better sleep, they also report a higher incidence of sleep disorders.99–102”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [100]
The Objective Measures section reports better objective sleep indicators in women, while Subjective Measures and Sleep Disorders reports more frequent complaints and higher risks of insomnia and restless leg syndrome. The paper does not establish that women generally sleep longer than men, and it cautions that better objective indicators may not mean women experience better sleep. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Authors: Dorsey, A., de Lecea, L., & Jennings, K. J.
Affiliations: Stanford Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Jennings, Kimberly J.
ORCID: Dorsey, Alanna
Jennings, Kimberly J.
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2021-01-14
Volume: 14
Pages: 625397-625397
ISSN: 1662-453X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.625397
PMC: PMC7840832
OpenAlex: W3120986069
Cited by: 100
References: 261
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5
FWCI: 1.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Stanford Bio-X
National Institute of Mental Health
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Rose Hills Foundation
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords: sex differences in sleep, women's sleep, ovarian hormones, sleep regulation, aging, sleep quality, neurochemicals, brain regions

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Neurobiological and Hormonal Mechanisms Regulating Women’s Sleep

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