Randomized trial of a 'stage-of-change' oriented smoking cessation intervention in infertile and pregnant women
Open accessAbstract
Objective To assess a "stage-of-change" oriented smoking cessation intervention for infertile and pregnant women, compared with standard of care.Design Randomized controlled trial.Setting Three university teaching hospitals in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.Patient(s) Infertile women at their first visit to a tertiary referral infertility clinic (n = 94) and new patients seeking pre-natal care (n = 110) who had smoked >/= 3 cigarettes in the past six months.Intervention(s) A three to five minute scripted intervention and booklet specific to the woman's "stage-of-change" in the smoking continuum, versus standard of care. Exhaled carbon-monoxide (CO) monitoring was used to validate exposure in both groups.Main outcome measure(s) Delta "stage-of-change" and rate of maintained cessation at 12 months post follow-up.Result(s) Intervention and control were similarly effective for infertile women: the rate of maintained cessation rose significantly from 4% to 24% over twelve months, with a mean delta "stage-of-change" 0.28. In prenatal women, neither approach was effective. Maintained cessation did not significantly change from 0 to 12 months (19% to 18%). Mean delta "stage-of-change" declined by -0.62.Conclusion(s) For infertile women, basic information describing the impact of smoking on fertility, along with exhaled CO monitoring and a more intensive intervention were both highly effective. In pregnant women neither approach was beneficial, with some evidence of post-partum relapse.
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Hughes 2000 reported a mean delta stage of change of 0.31 for the experimental group and 0.26 for the control group.
“The mean delta stage of change was 0.31 for the experimental group and 0.26 for the control group.”
From Preconception lifestyle advice for people with infertility (2021) · cites this paper as Hughes 2000
In Hughes 2000, the mean delta stage-of-change (difference in stage of motivation to change smoking behaviour) was 0.31 in the experimental group and 0.26 in the control group.
“Hughes 2000 Delta stage-of-change = difference in stage of motivation to change smoking behaviour (mean) Experimental group (mean): 0.31 (no SD reported) (n = 47) Control group (mean): 0.26 (no SD reported) (n = 47)”
From Preconception lifestyle advice for people with infertility (2021) · cites this paper as Hughes 2000
In Hughes 2000, the rate of maintained cessation rose from 4% to 24% (P < 0.001), with experimental and control groups reported together.
“Rate of maintained cessation rose from 4% to 24% (P < 0.001)”
From Preconception lifestyle advice for people with infertility (2021) · cites this paper as Hughes 2000
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- Authors
- Hughes, E. G., Lamont, D. A., Beecroft, M. L., Wilson, D. M. C., Brennan, B. G., & Rice, S. C.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hughes, Edward G
- ORCID
- Brennan, Barbara G
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-09
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 498-503
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088420635
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hamilton Health Sciences
- Canadian Lung Association
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, stages of change, infertility, pregnancy, postpartum relapse
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide, Female, Humans, Infertility, Female, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Smoking Cessation
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