Glycemic response to 24-hour fast in normal children, III: influence of age
Abstract
A 24-hour fast was performed in 28 normal children-17 boys and 11 girls, 2 to 17 years of age. After the fast, blood was drawn for blood sugar, plasma growth hormone and cortisol, serum free fatty acids and alanine measurements. Blood sugar values ranged between 30 and 77 mg/dl and were significantly correlated to age (R = 0.68, P less than 0.001). Plasma cortisol (R = 0.73, P less than 0.001), GH (R = 0.57, P = 0.01), and FFA (R = 0.76, P less than 0.001) were negatively correlated to age. Serum alanine fasting values ranged between 10 and 36 micrometer/dl and were significantly correlated to age (R = 0.86, P less than 0.001) and to blood sugar values (R = 0.54, P less than 0.01). These data demonstrate that carbohydrate regulation during fast improves with age in children, correlating with higher levels of gluconeogenic substrates and a lower rate of lipolysis.
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The changes in fuel metabolism during fasting in normal neonates after 2-3 days of age and in infants and children do not differ substantially from those in adults, except that plasma glucose concentrations decrease more rapidly and hyperketonemia develops sooner.
“The changes in fuel metabolism during fasting in normal neonates after 2–3 days of age and in infants and children do not differ substantially from those in adults, except that PG concentrations decrease more rapidly and hyperketonemia develops sooner, because of the energy needs of their relatively larger brains.17”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [17]
Children under age 4 years may have a plasma glucose concentration below 70 mg/dL and hyperketonemia after overnight fasting because of limited fasting tolerance.
“however, children under age 4 years may have a PG concentration <70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) and hyperketonemia after overnight fasting because of limited fasting tolerance.17,20,21”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [17]
Mean plasma glucose concentration in the postabsorptive state in normal neonates after approximately 2 days of age and in infants and children does not differ from that in adults (70-100 mg/dL).
“Mean PG concentration in the postabsorptive state in normal neonates after ~2 days of age and in infants and children does not differ from that in adults (70–100 mg/dL [3.9–5.5 mmol/L])17,20,21”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [17]
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Glycemic response to 24 hour fast in normal children and children with ketotic hypoglycemia
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Thornton, P. S., Stanley, C. A., De Leon, D. D., Harris, D., Haymond, M. W., Hussain, K., Levitsky, L. L., Murad, M. H., Rozance, P. J., Simmons, R. A., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.03.057 · Cited by 625 · see citing works
“17,20,21 Other evidence that the normal PG concentration in children does not differ from that in adults include the following: (1) fasting hyperketonemia develops at a similar PG concentration in infants, children, and adults 21,22 (hyperketonemia does not occur during transitional neonatal…”
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Matyka, K. A. (2002) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1034/j.1399-5448.2002.30203.x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chaussain, J.-L., Georges, P., Calzada, L., & Job, J.-C.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris Descartes (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Chaussain, Jean-Louis
- Venue
- The Journal of Pediatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1977-11
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 711-714
- ISSN
- 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1963765508
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Keywords
- glycemic response, fasting blood glucose, age differences, children, plasma growth hormone, cortisol, free fatty acids, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, carbohydrate regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Aging, Alanine, Blood Glucose, Child, Child, Preschool, Fasting, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Ketones, Male, Growth Hormone
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