Cited by 269Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsFibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ResearchGastrointestinal motility and disorders

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How many functional somatic syndromes?

Nimnuan, Chaichana, Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia, Wessely, Simon, Hotopf, Matthew·2001·Journal of Psychosomatic Research

DOI 10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00224-0

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Abstract

Objective Patients with medically unexplained symptoms are given diagnoses dependent upon the particular medical specialty consulted--irritable bowel syndrome in gastroenterology, fibromyalgia in rheumatology and others. The purpose of this paper is to establish whether these 13 different syndromes are discrete entities.Methods Consecutive new patients in seven outpatient clinics at two general hospitals were recruited. Patients completed questionnaires measuring symptoms and demographic data. Case notes were reviewed to ascertain whether the presenting symptoms were medically explained 3 months after the initial visit.Results Complete data were available for 550 subjects. With 37 unexplained symptoms included in the model, 30% of the total variance could be explained by one factor using unrotated principal component analysis. When the 13 identified functional syndromes were included, it was evident that functional syndromes could not be assumed to be independent. A two-factor model was the best fit for the present data after rotation.Conclusions This study suggests that the existence of distinct functional somatic syndromes (FSSynd) as defined clinically in medicine should be reconsidered.

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Authors: Nimnuan, C., Rabe-Hesketh, S., Wessely, S., & Hotopf, M.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Hotopf, Matthew
ORCID: Wessely, Simon
Hotopf, Matthew
Venue: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2001-10
Volume: 51
Issue: 4
Pages: 549-557
ISSN: 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00224-0
OpenAlex: W2115163863
Cited by: 269
References: 51
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 11.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords: functional somatic syndromes, medically unexplained symptoms, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, syndrome classification, factor structure, symptom heterogeneity
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, London, Male, Medicine, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Somatoform Disorders, Specialization, Syndrome

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