Cited by 193Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsChild Abuse and TraumaPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Childhood abuse, alexithymia and personality disorder

Berenbaum, Howard·1996·Journal of Psychosomatic Research

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

I examined the relationships among childhood abuse, alexithymia, and personality disorder. Participants were 60 adults who were receiving outpatient psychotherapy. Both the participants and their therapists used the Toronto Alexithymia Scale to provide independently information concerning the client's level of alexithymia. The therapists provided information concerning DSM-III-R personality disorder diagnoses, and participants completed portions of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised. Information concerning childhood abuse history was obtained from the therapists. As expected, childhood abuse, alexithymia, and personality disorder were all associated with each other. The abilities to identify and communicate emotions were differentially associated with childhood abuse and personality disorder.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0022-3999(96)00225-5

Cites

79 of 79 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678
Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall
Femina, D. D., Yeager, C. A., & Lewis, D. O. (1990) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90033-p · Cited by 8,820
The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale--I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure
Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1 · Cited by 5,293
Cognitive Therapy in Depression
Kovács, M. (1980) · Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis · doi:10.1521/jaap.1.1980.8.1.127 · Cited by 3,422
Origins and functions of positive and negative affect: A control-process view.
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.97.1.19 · Cited by 2,726
The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia scale—II. Convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity
Bagby, R. M., Taylor, G. J., & Parker, J. D. A. (1994) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90006-x · Cited by 2,431
Childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder.
Herman, J., Perry, J., & van der Kolk, B. A. (1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.4.490 · Cited by 1,277
Recall of childhood trauma: A prospective study of women's memories of child sexual abuse.
Williams, L. M. (1994) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.62.6.1167 · Cited by 947
Toward the Development of a New Self-Report Alexithymia Scale
Taylor, G. J., Ryan, D., & Bagby, M. R. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000287912 · Cited by 902
Dissociative symptoms in relation to childhood physical and sexual abuse.
Chu, J. A., & Dill, D. L. (1990) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.147.7.887 · Cited by 844
Childhood sexual and physical abuse as factors in adult psychiatric illness.
Bryer, J., Nelson, B. A., Miller, J., & Krol, P. A. (1987) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.144.11.1426 · Cited by 814
Long-term correlates of child sexual abuse: Theory and review of the empirical literature
Polusny, M. A., & Follette, V. M. (1995) · Applied and Preventive Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0962-1849(05)80055-1 · Cited by 812
Long-term consequences of childhood physical abuse.
Malinosky-Rummell, R., & Hansen, D. J. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.68 · Cited by 731
Emergent themes in the study of emotional development and emotion regulation.
Campos, J. J., Campos, R. G., & Barrett, K. C. (1989) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.25.3.394 · Cited by 711
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Mental Health in Adult Life
Mullen, P. E., Martin, J. L., Anderson, J. C., Romans, S. E., & Herbison, P. (1993) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.163.6.721 · Cited by 678
Psychiatric morbidity in adult inpatients with childhood histories of sexual and physical abuse
Brown, G. R., & Anderson, B. J. (1991) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.148.1.55 · Cited by 600
Methodological issues in the study of sexual abuse effects.
Briere, J. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.60.2.196 · Cited by 493
Sexual abuse trauma among professional women: Validating the Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 (TSC-40)
Elliott, D. M., & Briere, J. (1992) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(92)90048-v · Cited by 491
Childhood Sexual Abuse
Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1993) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/088626093008003002 · Cited by 483
Childhood experiences of borderline patients
Zanarini, M. C., Gunderson, J. G., Marino, M. F., Schwartz, E. O., & Frankenburg, F. R. (1989) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(89)90114-4 · Cited by 447
Untitled work
(1988) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 446
The combined effects of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse during childhood: Long-term health consequences for women
Moeller, T. P., Bachmann, G. A., & Moeller, J. R. (1993) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90084-i · Cited by 445
Validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire--revised: comparison with two structured interviews
Hyler, S. E., Skodol, A. E., Kellman, H. D., Oldham, J. M., & Rosnick, L. (1990) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.147.8.1043 · Cited by 390
Methodological issues in the study of sexual abuse effects.
Briere, J. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.60.2.196 · Cited by 369
Childhood abuse and neglect and loss of self-regulation.
van der Kolk, B. A., & Fisler, R. E. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 359
Estimating the Prevalence of Borderline Personality Disorder in the Community
Swartz, M. S., Blazer, D. G., George, L. K., & Winfield, I. (1990) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.1990.4.3.257 · Cited by 356
The phenomenological and conceptual interface between borderline personality disorder and PTSD
Gunderson, J. G., & Sabo, A. N. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.1.19 · Cited by 302
The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire: Development and Preliminary Results
Hyler, S. E., Rieder, R. O., Williams, J. B. W., Spitzer, R. L., Hendler, J., & Lyons, M. J. (1988) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.1988.2.3.229 · Cited by 293
A controlled study of alexithymia in eating disorders
Schmidt, U. H., Jiwany, A., & Treasure, J. L. (1993) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(93)90036-4 · Cited by 292
Post-traumatic stress disorders in women who experienced childhood incest
Lindberg, F. H., & Distad, L. J. (1985) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(85)90028-6 · Cited by 280
Effect of Fluoxetine on Anger in Symptomatic Volunteers With Borderline Personality Disorder
Salzman, C., Wolfson, A. N., Schatzberg, A. F., Looper, J., Henke, R., Albanese, M. A., Schwartz, J., & Miyawaki, E. K. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-199502000-00005 · Cited by 279
Toronto Alexithymia Scale: Relationship with Personality and Psychopathology Measures
Bagby, M. R., Taylor, G. J., & Ryan, D. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000287950 · Cited by 258
Diagnosing Personality Disorders in the Community
Zimmerman, M. A. (1990) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810180027005 · Cited by 251
Alcohol abuse in abused and neglected children followed-up: are they at increased risk?
Widom, C. S., Ireland, T., & Glynn, P. J. (1995) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1995.56.207 · Cited by 235
Alexithymia in Women with Anorexia Nervosa: A Preliminary Investigation
Bourke, M. P., Taylor, G. J., Parker, J. D. A., & Bagby, R. M. (1992) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.161.2.240 · Cited by 225
Predicting outcome of chronic back pain using clinical predictors of psychopathology: A prospective analysis.
Gatchel, R. J., Polatin, P. B., & Kinney, R. K. (1995) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.14.5.415 · Cited by 210
Alexithymia and anxiety sensitivity in panic disorder and obsessive- compulsive disorder
Zeitlin, S. B., & McNally, R. J. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.4.658 · Cited by 196
Assessment of alexithymia in posttraumatic stress disorder and somatic illness: introduction of a reliable measure.
Krystal, J. H., Giller, E. L., & Cicchetti, D. (1986) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198601000-00007 · Cited by 195
DSM-III-R personality disorders in patients with eating disorders
Gartner, A., Marcus, R. N., Halmi, K. A., & Loranger, A. W. (1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.12.1585 · Cited by 193
Alexithymia and somatic complaints in psychiatric out-patients
Taylor, G. J., Parker, J. D. A., Michael Bagby, R., & Acklin, M. W. (1992) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(92)90002-j · Cited by 190
Early family environments and traumatic experiences associated with borderline personality disorder.
Weaver, T. L., & Clum, G. A. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.6.1068 · Cited by 184
Early family environments and traumatic experiences associated with borderline personality disorder.
Weaver, T. L., & Clum, G. A. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.61.6.1068 · Cited by 183
Correlates and retrospectively reported antecedents of alexithymia.
Berenbaum, H., & James, T. (1994) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199407000-00011 · Cited by 179
Self-citation
Recognition and posing of emotional expressions by abused children and their mothers.
Camras, L. A., Ribordy, S. C., Hill, J., Martino, S., Spaccarelli, S., & Stefani, R. (1988) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.24.6.776 · Cited by 178
A preliminary investigation of alexithymia in men with psychoactive substance dependence
(1990) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.147.9.1228 · Cited by 176
Dissociation in women with chronic pelvic pain
Walker, E. A., Katon, W. J., Neraas, K., Jemelka, R. P., & Massoth, D. L. (1992) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.149.4.534 · Cited by 171
Briquet's syndrome, dissociation, and abuse
Pribor, E. F., Yutzy, S. H., Dean, J., & Wetzel, R. D. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.10.1507 · Cited by 171
Alexithymia in victims of sexual assault: an effect of repeated traumatization?
Zeitlin, S. B., McNally, R. J., & Cassiday, K. L. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.4.661 · Cited by 156
A retrospective study of long-term methods of coping with having been sexually abused during childhood
Leitenberg, H., Greenwald, E., & Cado, S. (1992) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(92)90049-w · Cited by 145
Sampling biases and implications for child abuse research.
Widom, C. S. (1988) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1988.tb01587.x · Cited by 136
Interhemispheric transfer deficit and alexithymia
Zeitlin, S. B., Lane, R. D., OʼLeary, D. S., & Schrift, M. J. (1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.11.1434 · Cited by 131
Histories of childhood trauma in adult hypochondriacal patients
BARSKY, A. J., Wool, C., Barnett, M. C., & Cleary, P. D. (1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.3.397 · Cited by 128
Sexual Abuse as a Factor in Eating Disorders
Waller, G. (1991) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.159.5.664 · Cited by 125
Assessing borderline personality disorder with self-report, clinical interview, or semistructured interview
Hurt, S. W., Hyler, S. E., Frances, A., Clarkin, J. F., & Brent, R. L. (1984) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.141.10.1228 · Cited by 117
Alexithymia: Subscales and Relationship to Depression
Haviland, M. G., Shaw, D. G., Cummings, M. A., & MacMurray, J. P. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000288115 · Cited by 115
Alexithymia: Relationship to personality disorders
Bach, M., de Zwaan, M., Ackard, D., Nutzinger, D. O., & Mitchell, J. E. (1994) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(94)90197-x · Cited by 113
Dissociative experiences, psychopathology and adjustment, and child and adolescent maltreatment in female college students.
Sandberg, D. A., & Lynn, S. J. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.4.717 · Cited by 110
Familial Correlates of Reduced Central Serotonergic System Function in Patients With Personality Disorders
Coccaro, E. F. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950040062008 · Cited by 109
Neurobiology, cellular and molecular biology, and psychosomatic medicine.
Williams, R. B. (1994) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199407000-00006 · Cited by 106
Alexithymia and the five-factor model of personality
Wise, T. N., Mann, L. S., & Shay, L. (1992) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(92)90023-j · Cited by 104
Serotonergic sensitivity in borderline personality disorder: preliminary findings
Hollander, E., Stein, D. J., DeCaria, C. M., Cohen, L. J., Saoud, J. B., Skodol, A. E., Kellman, D., Rosnick, L., & Oldham, J. M. (1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.2.277 · Cited by 96
Physical and sexual abuse histories among children with borderline personality disorder
Goldman, S. J., D’Angelo, E. J., DeMaso, D. R., & Mezzacappa, E. (1992) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.149.12.1723 · Cited by 92
Dissociative experiences and disorders among women who identify themselves as sexual abuse survivors
Anderson, G., Yasenik, L. A., & Ross, C. A. (1993) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90088-m · Cited by 87
Adult physical illness and childhood sexual abuse
Fry, R. P. W. (1993) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(93)90075-q · Cited by 86
Dissociative experiences, psychopathology and adjustment, and child and adolescent maltreatment in female college students.
Sandberg, D. A., & Lynn, S. J. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.101.4.717 · Cited by 86
Alexithymia and Hedonic Capacity
Prince, J. D., & Berenbaum, H. (1993) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1006/jrpe.1993.1002 · Cited by 83
Self-citation
Childhood Sexual Abuse in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa: A Pilot Study
Herzog, D. B., STALEY, J. E., CARMODY, S., ROBBINS, W. M., & van der Kolk, B. A. (1993) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199309000-00011 · Cited by 72
Paroxetine binding in the blood platelets of post-traumatic stress disorder patients
Arora, R. C., Fichtner, C. G., O'Connor, F. L., & Crayton, J. W. (1993) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(93)90444-8 · Cited by 70
Toronto alexithymia scale, EPQ and self-report measures of somatic complaints
Parker, J. D. A., Bagby, R. M., & Taylor, G. J. (1989) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90219-5 · Cited by 60
Towards a Teleological Model of Alexithymia: Alexithymia and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Shipko, S., Alvarez, W. A., & Noviello, N. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000287730 · Cited by 57
Personality Disorders in Problematic Medical Patients
Emerson, J., Pankratz, L., Joos, S. K., & Smith, S. P. (1994) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(94)71741-2 · Cited by 56
Emotional awareness training: A prerequisite to effective cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder
Farrell, J. M., & Shaw, I. A. (1994) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/s1077-7229(05)80087-2 · Cited by 44
Psychiatric Illness in Patients with Persistent Somatisation
Fink, P. (1995) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.166.1.93 · Cited by 44
Alexithymia and Perceived Symptoms: Criterion Validity of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale
Kauhanen, J., Julkunen, J., & Salonen, J. T. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000288563 · Cited by 43
Substance Abuse in Borderline Personality Disorder
Miller, F. T., Abrams, T., Dulit, R. A., & Fyer, M. R. (1993) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.3109/00952999309001637 · Cited by 41
The Borderline Patient: Emerging Concepts in Diagnosis, Psychodynamics, and Treatment
Grotstein, J. S., Solomon, M. F., & Lang, J. A. (1987) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 37
Childhood Abuse and Personality Disorders
Raczek, S. W. (1992) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.1992.6.2.109 · Cited by 36
「境界性人格障害と心的外傷後ストレス障害-その症候学上, 疾病概念上の共通点・相違点」, Gunderson JG, Sabo AN : The phenomenological and conceptual interface between borderline personality disorder and PTSD. Am J Psychiatry 150,19-27,1993
東邦大学心療内科 (1995) · 心身医学 · Cited by 24
Untitled work
Cochrane (1993) · doi:10.1002/1098-108x(199309)14:2

Sorted by citations

New Trends in Alexithymia Research
Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2004) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000075537 · Cited by 653
Interoception and psychopathology: A developmental neuroscience perspective
Murphy, J., Brewer, R., Catmur, C., & Bird, G. (2017) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2016.12.006 · Cited by 404
Age is strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population
Mattila, A. K., Salminen, J. K., Nummi, T., & Joukamaa, M. (2006) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.04.013 · Cited by 384
Establishing the theoretical components of alexithymia via factor analysis: Introduction and validation of the attention-appraisal model of alexithymia
Preece, D. A., Becerra, R., Allan, A., Robinson, K., & Dandy, J. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.003 · Cited by 303
Alexithymia as a mediator between childhood trauma and self-injurious behaviors
Paivio, S. C., & McCulloch, C. R. (2004) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.11.018 · Cited by 273

See all 193

Authors: Berenbaum, H.
Affiliations: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Corresponding author: Berenbaum, Howard
ORCID: Berenbaum, Howard
Venue: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1996-12
Volume: 41
Issue: 6
Pages: 585-595
ISSN: 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3999(96)00225-5
OpenAlex: W1972755269
Cited by: 193
References: 78
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 0.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords: childhood abuse, alexithymia, personality disorders, emotion recognition, emotional communication, personality disorder diagnosis
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Child Abuse, Communication, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders, Retrospective Studies, Self-Assessment, Chi-Square Distribution

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Childhood abuse, alexithymia and personality disorder

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks