The DOI matches its Crossref record; 159 of the 173 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Autonomic balance revisited: Panic anxiety and heart rate variability
Abstract
The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is becoming widely used in clinical research to provide a window into autonomic control of HR. This technique has been valuable in elucidating the autonomic underpinnings of panic disorder (PD), a condition that is marked by reports of heart palpitations. A body of research has emerged that implicates a relative reduction in HRV and cardiac vagal tone in PD, as indicated by various HRV measures. These data are consistent with the cardiac symptoms of panic attacks, as well as with developmental evidence that links high vagal tone with enhanced attention, effective emotion regulation, and organismic responsivity. Implications of these findings for nosology and pathophysiology are discussed. Reports of reduced HRV in PD contrast with portrayals of excess autonomic lability in anxiety. This contradiction is addressed in the context of traditional homeostatic models versus a systems perspective that views physiologic variability as essential to overall stability.
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“the vagus nerve innervates a number of end organs that are involved in emotion and communication (i.e., larynx, facial muscles, Porges, 1995), and the vagal input to the heart can be quickly withdrawn to allow rapid mobilization of the body to meet a variety of environmental and metabolic demands; these include physical exercise, coping with negative emotion (e.g., Beauchaine, 2001; Friedman & Tha”
From Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health (2010) · cites this paper as Friedman & Thayer, 1998
In the citing paper
“Processes that may contribute to this over-responsivity include increased threat perception, increased and misinterpreted perception of bodily sensations [34], or decreased inhibition of the fear response.”
From Functional autonomic nervous system profile in children with autism spectrum disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“Highlighting the role of the physiological dimension, chronically elevated HR has been reported in anxiety disorders [32-34].”
From Functional autonomic nervous system profile in children with autism spectrum disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“At this level, hyperarousal may be associated with over-responsivity of networks involved in perception, processing, and responding to emotional stimuli [34].”
From Functional autonomic nervous system profile in children with autism spectrum disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“Reduced HRV is a clinically relevant feature of stress-related disorders including anxiety, depression, and epilepsy (Carney et al., 1995b; Friedman and Thayer, 1998; Brown and Gerbarg, 2005; Mativo et al., 2010).”
From Hypothesis: Pulmonary Afferent Activity Patterns During Slow, Deep Breathing Contribute to the Neural Induction of Physiological Relaxation (2019) · cites this paper as Friedman and Thayer, 1998
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Effects of resting heart rate variability on performance in the P300 brain-computer interface
Kaufmann, T., Vögele, C., Sütterlin, S., Lukito, S., & Kübler, A. (2011) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.11.018 · Cited by 54
“Thus, distinct inhibitory processes, originating in the prefrontal cortex modulating sympathetic and vagal cardiac control, play a decisive role in inhibition and regulation of behavior and their failure may cause psychological symptoms such as deficits in attentional or emotional control (Friedman and Thayer, 1998; T…”
BackgroundA User-Modeling Approach to Build User's Psycho-Physiological Maps of Emotions using Bio-Sensors
Villon, O., & Lisetti, C. (2006) · IEEE RO-MAN · doi:10.1109/roman.2006.314429 · Cited by 54
“So, ANS is modulated by emotional and other factor((see 4). For example, [ 11 ] showed that ANS could be modulated by personality trouble.”
BackgroundHeart rate variability changes in patients with panic disorder
Zhang, Y., Zhou, B., Qiu, J., Zhang, L., & Zou, Z. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.132 · Cited by 53
Effects of Relaxation and Stress on the Capsaicin-Induced Local Inflammatory Response
Lutgendorf, S. K., Logan, H. L., Kirchner, H., Rothrock, N. E., Svengalis, S., Iverson, K., & Lubaroff, D. M. (2000) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200007000-00011 · Cited by 53
“In future work, the exploration of cardiac activity in the frequency domain (spectral analysis of heart rate variability) might prove useful to document the influence of vagal activity on the heart in relation to the influences of stress and relaxation on the capsaicin flare (48).”
BackgroundThe impact of Thought Field Therapy on heart rate variability
Callahan, R. J. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.1082 · Cited by 52
Increased sympathetic response to standing in panic disorder
Coupland, N. J., Wilson, S. J., Potokar, J. P., Bell, C., & Nutt, D. (2003) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(03)00045-3 · Cited by 52
Heart Rate Variability, Homeostasis, and Brain Function
Riganello, F., Garbarino, S., & Sannita, W. G. (2012) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000080 · Cited by 55
Validity concerns of common heart-rate variability indices
Friedman, B. H., Allen, M. T., Christie, I. C., & Santucci, A. K. (2002) · IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine · doi:10.1109/memb.2002.1032637 · Cited by 53
“Low values in a variety of HRV measures have been linked with manifold pathophysiological and psychopathological conditions such as cardiovascular (CV) disease, diabetes [4], anxiety disorders [5], and attentional deficits [6].”
BackgroundSelf-citationNight or darkness, which intensifies the feeling of fear?
Li, Y., Ma, W., Kang, Q., Qiao, L., Tang, D., Qiu, J., Zhang, Q., & Li, H. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.04.021 · Cited by 60
What the Heart Says to the Brain (and vice versa) and Why We Should Listen
Thayer, J. F. (2007) · University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE) · Cited by 51
Self-citationBornas, X., Llabrés, J., Noguera, M., López, A. M., Gelabert, J. M., & Vila, I. (2006) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.05.004 · Cited by 50
“Based on several studies on generalized anxiety disorder (Lyonfields et al., 1995; Thayer et al., 1996), panic disorder (Friedman and Thayer, 1998a), and specific phobias (Friedman and Thayer, 1998b), Thayer and Lane (2000) presented a dynamical systems model of emotion regulation which integrates…”
BackgroundJohnson, P. L., & Shekhar, A. (2012) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.03.016 · Cited by 50
“The finding that panic-related conditions exhibit parasympathetic and sympathetic imbalance, and baroreflex disruption is not surprising [see review [152]].”
Bus operators’ responses to job strain: An experimental test of the job demand–control model.
Cendales, B., Useche, S. A., Ortíz, V. G., & Bocarejo, J. P. (2016) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000040 · Cited by 57
Hinton, D. E., Um, K., & Ba, P. (2001) · Transcultural Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/136346150103800402 · Cited by 50
“Some researchers believe that anxiety creates greater impairment of blood pressure adjustment upon orthostasis, worsening dizziness sensations upon standing (Friedman & Thayer, 1998).”
BackgroundHealth effects of green prescription: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Adewuyi, F. A., Knobel, P., Gogna, P., & Dadvand, P. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116844 · Cited by 56
Panic disorder among Vietnamese refugees attending a psychiatric clinic: prevalence and subtypes
Hinton, D. E., Chau, H., Nguyen, L., Nguyen, M. T. P., Pham, T., Quinn, S. E., & Tran, M. (2001) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0163-8343(01)00163-3 · Cited by 49
“Moreover, panic disorder patients seem to have impaired mechanisms of compensation to orthostasis [51–52].”
BackgroundHeart rate variability in coronary artery disease patients with and without panic disorder
Lavoie, K., Fleet, R. P., Laurin, C., Arsenault, A., Miller, S. B., & Bacon, S. (2004) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2004.06.005 · Cited by 49
“PSAofHRVis said to offer both non-invasive and reliable measurement of cardiac autonomic tone via assessments of peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation (Friedman and Thayer, 1998; Stein et al., 1994).”
BackgroundInfluentialHeart rate variability in unmedicated patients with bipolar disorder in the manic phase
Chang, H., Chang, C.-C., Tzeng, N., Kuo, T. B. J., Lu, R., & Huang, S. (2014) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12178 · Cited by 48
“are profoundly influenced by anxiety.(29) Both BD patients and controls have been interviewed using the SADSL.”
MethodDixon–Gordon, K. L., Turner, B. J., Rosenthal, M. Z., & Chapman, A. L. (2017) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.03.001 · Cited by 49
Kuppusamy, M., Dilara, K., Maruthy, K. N., & Sundareswaren, L. (2016) · North American Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.4103/1947-2714.187150 · Cited by 47
“Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis has emerged as a universal tool in the health care as well as research domain since it appears to be a more sensitive marker to both physiological[1,2] and psychological[3,4] conditions.”
BackgroundPaine, N. J., Watkins, L. L., Blumenthal, J. A., Kuhn, C. M., & Sherwood, A. (2015) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000144 · Cited by 48
“Anxiety has been linked to reduced parasympathetic nervous system control of heart rate in several different study samples, including patients with anxiety disorders (26) and coronary heart disease (27), as well as healthy volunteers (28).”
BackgroundBosch, N. M., Riese, H., Ormel, J., Verhulst, F., & Oldehinkel, A. J. (2009) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.01.005 · Cited by 44
“, Porges, 1995a; Thayer and Lane, 2000), which contribute to increased negative affect (e.g., Demaree et al., 2004; Friedman and Thayer, 1998; Porges, 1992) and affective disorder (Demaree et al.”
BackgroundVagal influence during worry and cognitive challenge
Hammel, J. C., Smitherman, T. A., McGlynn, F. D., Mulfinger, A. M. M., Lazarte, A. A., & Gothard, K. D. (2010) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2010.490912 · Cited by 46
“…paradigm shift, recent research has focused on relations between vagal activity and anxiety disorders via examination of heart rate variability (HRV; e.g., Friedman & Thayer, 1998a, 1998b; Friedman et al., 1993; Sahar, Shalev, & Porges, 2001; Thayer, Friedman, Borkovec, Johnsen, & Molina, 2000).”
BackgroundImaging brain and immune association accompanying cognitive appraisal of an acute stressor
Ohira, H., Isowa, T., Nomura, M., Ichikawa, N., Kimura, K., Miyakoshi, M., Iidaka, T., Fukuyama, S., Nakajima, T., & Yamada, J. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.017 · Cited by 47
“, 2001), on the other hand, reduced prefrontal activity was associated with insufficient control and sometimes led to mental and physical pathological states (Friedman and Thayer, 1998; Thayer et al., 1996, 1998; Cohen et al., 1999).”
BackgroundTHE EFFECTS OF A POOR NIGHT SLEEP ON MOOD, COGNITIVE, AUTONOMIC AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES
Barnett, K. J. (2008) · Journal of Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.1142/s0219635208001903 · Cited by 46
Olivier, J. D. A., Cools, A. R., Olivier, B., Homberg, J. R., Cuppen, E. P. J. G., & Ellenbroek, B. A. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.06.008 · Cited by 44
“When an organism is confronted with a stressor it responds with a short-lasting increase of body temperature, the so-called stressinduced hyperthermia (Friedman and Thayer,1998; Olivier et al., 1998; Nijsen et al., 1998a; Nijsen et al., 1998b; Bouwknecht et al., 2000).”
BackgroundBlechert, J., Wilhelm, F. H., Meuret, A. E., Wilhelm, E. M., & Roth, W. T. (2010) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.01.002 · Cited by 43
“The finding of lower RSA is in line with other research reporting lower cardiac parasympathetic activity in PD (Friedman & Thayer, 1998, but see Blechert et al. 2007).”
ResultJob strain and heart rate variability in resident physicians within a general hospital
Hernández‐Gaytan, S. I., Rothenberg, S. J., Landsbergis, P. A., Becerril, L. A. C., León‐León, G. D., Collins, S., & Díaz‐Vásquez, F. J. (2012) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.22098 · Cited by 43
Effects of Psychological Stress on Autonomic Control of Heart in Rats
Inagaki, H., Kuwahara, M., & Tsubone, H. (2004) · EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS · doi:10.1538/expanim.53.373 · Cited by 43
“Moreover, some mental disorders have been shown to be associated with increasing cardiovascular morbidity [1, 4, 6].”
BackgroundDevelopmental Perspectives on Links Between Attachment and Affect Regulation Over the Lifespan
Diamond, L. M., & Fagundes, C. P. (2008) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(08)00003-7 · Cited by 42
“Analogous findings using similar methods were reported by Fraley and Davis (1997) and Trinke and Bartholomew (1997).”
ResultSchmidt, L. A., Santesso, D. L., Miskovic, V., Mathewson, K. J., McCabe, R. E., Antony, M. M., & Moscovitch, D. A. (2012) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.01.011 · Cited by 41
Panaite, V., Hindash, A. C., Bylsma, L. M., Small, B. J., Salomon, K., & Rottenberg, J. A. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.12.002 · Cited by 41
“…control allows an organism both to limit its energy use under rest conditions and to expend energy in adjusting to a variety of environmental demands, such as coping with negative emotion (Beauchaine, 2001; Friedman & Thayer, 1998; Thayer et al., 1996), and extreme threats (George et al., 1989).”
BackgroundAnxiety Increases Acid-Induced Esophageal Hyperalgesia
Sharma, A., Oudenhove, L. V., Paine, P., Gregory, L. J., & Aziz, Q. (2010) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181f5c021 · Cited by 40
Diamond, L. M., & Cribbet, M. R. (2012) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.08.008 · Cited by 43
Heart Rate Variability Predicts Emotional Flexibility in Response to Positive Stimuli
Fujimura, T., & Okanoya, K. (2012) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2012.38086 · Cited by 39
Cardiac vagal activity during psychological stress varies with social functioning in older women
Egizio, V. B., Jennings, J. R., Christie, I. C., Sheu, L. K., Matthews, K. A., & Gianaros, P. J. (2008) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00698.x · Cited by 44
“Regarding resting HF-HRV, some reports suggest an association between anxiety and depressive disorders and decreased resting HF-HRV (Beauchaine, Gatzke-Kopp, & Mead, 2007; Carney et al., 2000; Chambers & Allen, 2002; Friedman, 2007; Friedman & Thayer, 1998; Rottenberg, 2007).”
BackgroundSardinha, A., de Araújo, C. G. S., Soares‐Filho, G. L., & Nardi, A. E. (2011) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1586/erc.10.170 · Cited by 39
Verleye, M., & Gillardin, J. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.07.010 · Cited by 39
“Physical manifestations associated with anxiety states or anxiety attacks include, among others, heart pounding [7], sweating, mild gastrointestinal discomfort and an increase in body temperature [20].”
BackgroundHeart rate variability in domestic chicken lines genetically selected on feather pecking behavior
Kjær, J. B., & Jørgensen, H. (2011) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2011.00713.x · Cited by 38
“A low vagal input (as indicated by a low RMSSD and a low HF) as well as an increased sympathovagal balance (as indicated by a low VSE and a high LF/HF) are thought to indicate higher stress susceptibility (Friedman & Thayer 1998; Porges 1995).”
BackgroundInteroception, Stress, and Physical Symptoms in Stress-Associated Diseases
Schulz, A., Schultchen, D., & Vögele, C. (2020) · European Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1027/2512-8442/a000063 · Cited by 42
van Baar, J. M., & FeldmanHall, O. (2022) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000814 · Cited by 38
Papousek, I., & Schulter, G. (2001) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(01)00131-3 · Cited by 39
Vella, E. J., & Friedman, B. H. (2007) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.03.014 · Cited by 39
“Although the HF reactivity displayed by LH men was not in accordance with the predictions in this study, the suppression of cardiac vagal activity during stress is appropriate and could be viewed as adaptive physiological responsiveness (Friedman and Thayer, 1998a; Thayer and Friedman, 2002).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationSex differences in empathy for pain: What is the role of autonomic regulation?
Tracy, L. M., & Giummarra, M. J. (2017) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12895 · Cited by 41
A wearable EEG-based drowsiness detection system with blink duration and alpha waves analysis
Kartsch, V., Benatti, S., Rossi, D., & Luca Benini, C. (2017) · International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering · doi:10.1109/ner.2017.8008338 · Cited by 37
“However, the variability of the brainwaves levels among subjects suggests that a purely physiological analysis is not sufficient to generalize the drowsiness detection [11], [12].”
BackgroundThe Psychophysiology of Orthostatic Panic in Cambodian Refugees Attending a Psychiatric Clinic
Hinton, D. E., So, V., Pollack, M. H., Pitman, R. K., & Orr, S. P. (2003) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1023/b:joba.0000007451.85942.42 · Cited by 37
“There is a substantial literature demonstrating lowered baseline parasympathetic tone and disturbances in the blood pressure responses of panic disorder patients ( Friedman & Thayer, 1998; Middletown, 1990; Middletown & Ashby, 1995; Rao & Yeragani, 2001; Stein, Tancer, & Uhde, 1992).”
BackgroundRossi, A., Perri, E., Pappalardo, L., Cintia, P., & Iaia, F. M. (2019) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app9235174 · Cited by 36
“Our classifiers were validated on the remaining 80% of the dataset with a 3-fold stratified cross-validation strategy [27], stratified by player identification (ID); the dataset was divided into 3 folds.”
MethodMan, K., & Harring, J. R. (2020) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164420968630 · Cited by 36
“For instance, heart rate could be used to track test-takers’ anxiety levels in ITELS (e.g., Friedman & Thayer, 1998).”
BackgroundPsychological and autonomic effects of art making in college-aged students
Sandmire, D. A., Rankin, N. E., Gorham, S. R., Eggleston, D. T., French, C. A., Lodge, E. E., Kuns, G. C., & Grimm, D. R. (2015) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2015.1076798 · Cited by 37
“In the psychosocial realm, investigators report an inverse relationship between cardiac vagal control and acute stress (Sloan et al., 1994), social anxiety (De Meersman, Reisman, Daum, & Zorowitz, 1996) and depression (Friedman & Thayer, 1998).”
BackgroundBornas, X., Llabrés, J., Noguera, M., López, A. M., Barceló, F., Tortella‐Feliu, M., & Fullana, M. A. (2005) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.01.002 · Cited by 36
“Both lowandhighHRV fearful flyers reported equivalent levels of anxiety in condition S (in agreement with the results reported by Johnsen et al. (2003)), but low HRV fearful flyers experienced higher anxiety in condition PS.”
ResultCarroll, H. A., & Lustyk, M. K. B. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0791-1 · Cited by 35
Milrod, B. L., Altemus, M. M., Gross, C., Busch, F. N., Silver, G. H., Christos, P. J., Stieber, J., & Schneier, F. R. (2016) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.01.004 · Cited by 36
Panayiotou, G., & Constantinou, E. (2017) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12887 · Cited by 35
“…past evidence of hypoarousal during emotion processing in alexithymia (Constantinou et al., 2014) and of poor habituation of emotional responses (Friedman & Thayer, 1998), replication of this pattern with a larger sample size is required to verify that this is indeed a real effect that can…”
BackgroundDissociated autonomic regulation during stress and physical complaints
Papousek, I., Schulter, G., & Premsberger, E. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00298-2 · Cited by 40
“In fact, chronic stress, depression, and anxiety have repeatedly been found to be associated with abnormalities in autonomic nervous system (ANS) function [17–25].”
BackgroundResultMathewson, K. J., Schmidt, L. A., Miskovic, V., Santesso, D. L., Duku, E., McCabe, R. E., Antony, M. M., & Moscovitch, D. A. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.03.016 · Cited by 34
Bylsma, L. M., Yaroslavsky, I., Rottenberg, J. A., Jennings, J. R., George, C. J., Kiss, E., Kapornai, K., Halas, K., Dochnal, R., Lefkovics, E., et al. (2015) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.07.003 · Cited by 32
“Friedman and Thayer (1998) have suggested links between parasympathetic nervous system activity and enhanced attention and effective emotion regulation.”
BackgroundPsychological Factors Associated with Orofacial Pains
Carlson, C. R. (2007) · Dental Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.cden.2006.09.001 · Cited by 33
Breuninger, C., Sláma, D. M., Krämer, M., Schmitz, J., & Tuschen-Caffier, B. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9814-9 · Cited by 33
“For flexible emotional responding, parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity is supposed to be central (Appelhans and Luecken 2006; Porges et al. 1994), and is frequently measured through the spectral power of highfrequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) (Friedman and Thayer 1998).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe neurobiological presentation of anxiety in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
McVey, A. J. (2019) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2063 · Cited by 32
The relationship between sleep and autonomic health
Oliver, M. D., Baldwin, D. R., & Datta, S. (2019) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2019.1583652 · Cited by 38
“Investigations into both sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the ANS have shown that autonomic imbalances are precursors to disease formation and other health-related risks.(32,38,39) Findings from the current study indicate that both quality and quantity of sleep were associated with autonomic functioning at…”
BackgroundRodrigues, J., Studer, E., Streuber, S., Meyer, N. H., & Sandi, C. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19736-3 · Cited by 32
Sympathetic pain? A role of poor parasympathetic nervous system engagement in vicarious pain states
Nazarewicz, J., Verdejo‐García, A., & Giummarra, M. J. (2015) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12516 · Cited by 32
Sanders, A. F. P., Hobbs, D. A., Stephenson, D. D., Laird, R. D., & Beaton, E. A. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-3011-2 · Cited by 31
“Studies have linked lower RSA to poor social and emotional regulation, including social anxiety and depression (Friedman and Thayer 1998; McLaughlin et al.”
Intra-Individual Variability in Vagal Control Is Associated With Response Inhibition Under Stress
Spangler, D. P., Gamble, K. R., McGinley, J. J., Thayer, J. F., & Brooks, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00475 · Cited by 36
Self-citationO’Grady, B., Lambe, R., Baldwin, M., Acheson, T., & Doherty, C. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24196220 · Cited by 31
“Findings from this research highlight that a healthy heart is not a metronome; natural variation influenced by heart–brain interactions exists as our bodies adapt to stress stimuli of daily life [27].”
BackgroundInfluentialEffect of deep pressure input on parasympathetic system in patients with wisdom tooth surgery
Chen, H., Yang, H., Meng, L.-F., Chan, P.-Y. S., Yang, C., & Chen, H. (2016) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2016.07.008 · Cited by 30
“Increased HF-HRV (vagally mediated) is associated with enhanced cognitive performance, particularly with the capacity for selfregulation, working memory, and psychological flexibility, whereas the relative reduction in HF-HRV is associated with alterations in autonomic control over the cardiac function of behavioral a…”
BackgroundGuilt and pride are heartfelt, but not equally so
Fourie, M. M., Rauch, H. G. L., Morgan, B. E., Ellis, G., Jordaan, E., & Thomas, K. G. F. (2010) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.01157.x · Cited by 34
“, Friedman & Thayer , 1998 ) .”
Neurovisceral integration, emotions and health: An update
Thayer, J. F., & Ruiz‐Padial, E. (2006) · International Congress Series · doi:10.1016/j.ics.2005.12.018 · Cited by 35
Self-citationMungen, B., Berilgen, M. S., & Arıkanoğlu, A. (2010) · Seizure · doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2010.04.002 · Cited by 30
Sakai, C., Paperny, D. M. N., Mathews, M., Tanida, G., Boyd, G., Simons, A., Yamamoto, C., Mau, C., & Nutter, L. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.1088 · Cited by 30
“Analysis of HRV provides a window into autonomic control of heart rate which is valuable in elucidating the autonomic underpinnings of panic disorder ( Friedman & Thayer, 1998; Yeragani et al., 1998, Middleton & Ashby, 1995), phobic anxiety (Kawachi et al., 1995), anxiety (Watkins et al., 1999), ADHD (Borger, et al.,…”
BackgroundValidation of the Hwa-Byung Scale and its relationship with cardiovascular autonomic function
Chung, S.-Y., Park, Y.-J., Kim, J., & Park, Y.-B. (2015) · European Journal of Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eujim.2015.05.003 · Cited by 29
Krause, A., Puppe, B., & Langbein, J. (2017) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00103 · Cited by 30
“Several studies demonstrate a link between cardiac vagal tone and psychological components in negative contexts such as anxiety (Sleigh and Henderson, 1995) or panic attacks in humans (Friedman and Thayer, 1998) as well as in positive contexts, for example, in humans watching an emotionally positive film (Matsunaga et…”
BackgroundThe influence of reward sensitivity, heart rate dynamics and EEG-delta activity on placebo analgesia
Pascalis, V. D., & Scacchia, P. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.014 · Cited by 29
Udo, T., Bates, M. E., Mun, E., Vaschillo, E. G., Vaschillo, B., Lehrer, P. M., & Ray, S. (2009) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0015015 · Cited by 31
“…& Luecken, 2006; Berntson et al., 1997) in disorders such as depression (Nahshoni et al., 2004), anxiety (Dishman et al., 2000; Thayer, Friedman, & Borkovec, 1996), panic disorder (Cohen et al., 2000; Friedman & Thayer, 1998), and chronic heavy alcohol use (Thayer, Hall, Sollers, & Fischer, 2006).”
BackgroundNeuroticism, Extraversion, Conscientiousness and Stress: Physiological Correlates
Brouwer, A.-M., van Schaik, M. G., Korteling, J. E., van Erp, J. B. F., & Toet, A. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing · doi:10.1109/taffc.2014.2326402 · Cited by 29
“By relating personality scores of a healthy sample of participants to both baseline physiological measurements and physiological responses to negative feedback on gaming performance, this study adds to previouswork as discussed below.”
BackgroundThe Relationships Between Parasympathetic Function and Pain Perception: The Role of Anxiety
Nahman‐Averbuch, H., Sprecher, E., Jacob, G., & Yarnitsky, D. (2016) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/papr.12407 · Cited by 31
“decrease in activity of the parasympathetic nervous system.(7) In addition, healthy subjects expressing high anxiety demonstrated an atypical HRV response following a psychosocial stressor task of delivering a speech such that anxious subjects demonstrated higher parasympathetic function following the stressor.”
BackgroundEffects of Mental Stress Induction on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Panic Disorder
Petrowski, K., Wichmann, S., Siepmann, T., Wintermann, G., Bornstein, S. R., & Siepmann, M. (2016) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-016-9346-9 · Cited by 29
Heart rate variability predicts inhibitory control in adults with autism spectrum disorders
Kuiper, M. W. M., Verhoeven, E. W. M., & Geurts, H. M. (2017) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.07.006 · Cited by 30
Condy, E. E., Scarpa, A., & Friedman, B. H. (2019) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107739 · Cited by 29
Self-citationThe Effects of Psychosocial Stress on Heart Rate Variability in Panic Disorder
Petrowski, K., Herold, U., Joraschky, P., Mück-Weymann, M., & Siepmann, M. (2010) · Cited by 27
Heart rate variability as an outcome measure for Thought Field Therapy in clinical practice
Pignotti, M. G., & Steinberg, M. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.1086 · Cited by 28
RetractedAnxiety and Cardiovascular Disease
Davies, S., & Allgulander, C. (2013) · Modern trends in psychiatry · doi:10.1159/000351945 · Cited by 28
Millings, A., Morris, J., Rowe, A. C., Easton, S., Martin, J. K., Majoe, D., & Möhr, C. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.04.005 · Cited by 27
“Low HRV has been associated with anxiety disorders and stress (Friedman and Thayler, 1998), whereas high HRV is thought to indicate good emotion regulation abilities (Appelhans and Luecken, 2006).”
BackgroundCardiac Signatures of Personality
Koelsch, S., Enge, J., & Jentschke, S. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031441 · Cited by 28
“This pattern of HRV parameters replicates our previous observations [6] (see also Introduction), and resembles the HRV pattern previously reported in studies investigating patients with major depression [15] or pathologic anxiety [41,42], that is, in individuals with disorders that are characterized by higher neurotic…”
ResultComment on the Status of Systematic Desensitization
McGlynn, F. D., Smitherman, T. A., & Gothard, K. D. (2004) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445503259414 · Cited by 27
“…in our conceptualization of autonomic regulation (see Berntson, Cacioppo, & Quigley, 1991), improvements in the assessment of vagal function (e.g., Friedman & Thayer, 1998), research on attentional and memory processes in anxiety disorders (see McNally, 1990), and efforts to link anxiety…”
BackgroundKanthak, M. K., Chen, F. S., Kumsta, R., Hill, L. K., Thayer, J. F., & Heinrichs, M. (2016) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.02.007 · Cited by 28
Self-citationOn-board Drowsiness Detection using EEG: Current Status and Future Prospects
Majumder, S., Guragain, B., Wang, C., & Wilson, N. (2019) · IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology · doi:10.1109/eit.2019.8833866 · Cited by 26
“Besides, the amplitude of EEG wave fluctuates within the microvolt level, which makes EEG an extremely noise sensitive signal [20], and the variability of the brainwaves among individuals made it difficult to use for broad and generalized applications [86].”
BackgroundMarital Status and Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Randall, G., Bhattacharyya, M. R., & Steptoe, A. (2009) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-009-9137-0 · Cited by 26
Jørgensen, M. M., & Zachariae, R. H. (2002) · International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00207140208410102 · Cited by 25
Physiological Aspects of Depressive Rumination
Siegle, G. J., & Thayer, J. F. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470713853.ch5 · Cited by 25
Self-citationYeragani, V. K., Mallavarapu, M., Radhakrishna, R. K. A., Tancer, M. E., & Uhde, T. W. (2004) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10129 · Cited by 24
HEART-RATE VARIABILITY IN WOMEN DURING 40-HOUR PROLONGED WAKEFULNESS
Anders, D., Vollenweider, S., Cann, J., Hofstetter, M., Flammer, J., Orgül, S., & Kräuchi, K. (2010) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.504317 · Cited by 24
“…(related to anxiety, fear, suppressed anger, panic, etc.) have been associated with a reduction in HF power (Alvarenga et al., 2008; Bleil et al., 2008; Cohen et al., 2000; Friedman & Thayer, 1998a, 1998b; Johnsen et al., 2003; Klein et al., 1995; Marci et al., 2007; Ottaviani et al., 2009).”
BackgroundLaederach, K., Rüddel, H., & Mussgay, L. (2008) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.06.003 · Cited by 24
Changes in Well-Being: Complementing a Psychosocial Approach with Neurobiological Insights
Rickard, N. S., & Vella‐Brodrick, D. (2013) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-013-0353-4 · Cited by 27
Altered Brain Signal Variability in Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Li, L., Wang, Y., Ye, L., Chen, W., Huang, X., Cui, Q., He, Z., Liu, D., & Chen, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00084 · Cited by 23
Three Views of Emotion Regulation and Health
Butler, E. A. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00372.x · Cited by 29
Bornas, X., Llabrés, J., Tortella‐Feliu, M., Fullana, M. A., Montoya, P., López, A., Noguera, M., & Gelabert, J. M. (2007) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.07.007 · Cited by 22
“Friedman and Thayer (1998) compared panic disorder patients, blood phobics, and normal controls using several measures of HRV, and found lower high frequency (0.18–0.35 Hz) power and shorter mean successive differences (MSD) in panic disorder patients than in blood phobics, and lower high frequency…”
MethodInfluentialHerzog, S., D'Andrea, W. M., DePierro, J. M., & Khedari-DePierro, V. (2018) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299732.2018.1441356 · Cited by 22
“This interpretation is consistent with theoretical work linking disinhibition of the autonomic nervous system in anxiety disorders to behavioral avoidance (Friedman & Thayer, 1998).”
ResultÖzdemir, O., Selvı, Y., Özkol, H., Tülüce, Y., Beşiroğlu, L., & Aydın, A. (2012) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000341880 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- Friedman, B. H., & Thayer, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- Corresponding author
- Friedman, Bruce H.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 133-151
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2167377065
- Cited by
- 616
- References
- 173
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 2.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- heart rate variability, panic disorder, sympathovagal balance, cardiac vagal tone, palpitations, anxiety, emotion regulation, homeostatic model, systems approach, disease classification, pathophysiology
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Autonomic Nervous System, Epinephrine, Heart Rate, Homeostasis, Humans, Models, Biological, Sympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve, Comorbidity, Panic Disorder
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