The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Paleotemperature variations of Early Jurassic seawater recorded in geochemical trends of belemnites from the Basque–Cantabrian basin, northern Spain
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
87Sr/86Sr, δ13C and δ18O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater
Veizer, J., Ala, D., Azmy, K., Bruckschen, P., Buhl, D., Bruhn, F., Carden, G. A. F., Diener, A., Ebneth, S., Godderis, Y., et al. (1999) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(99)00081-9 · Cited by 2,694
Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest
Friedman, I., & O'Neil, J. R. (1977) · Professional Paper · doi:10.3133/pp440kk · Cited by 2,691
Equilibrium and nonequilibrium oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates
Kim, S.-T., & O'Neil, J. R. (1997) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00169-5 · Cited by 2,558
The Global Carbon Cycle: A Test of Our Knowledge of Earth as a System
Falkowski, P., Scholes, R. J., Boyle, E., Canadell, J., Canfield, D., Elser, J., Gruber, N., Hibbard, K., Högberg, P., Linder, S., et al. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5490.291 · Cited by 2,177
Research works printed but not linked: 87
- Aberhan, 2000, Mass origination versus mass extinction: the biological contribution to the Pliensbachian–Toarcian extinction event, J. Geol. Soc. London, 157, 55, 10.1144/jgs.157.1.55 · DOI
- Anderson, T.F., Arthur, M.A., 1983. Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon and their applications to sedimentological and paleoenvironmental problems. In: Arthur, M.A., Anderson, T.F., Kaplan, I.R., Veizer, J., Land, L.S. (Eds.), Stable Isotopes in Sedimentary Geology. Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Miner. Short Course 10, pp. 1–151. · DOI · Paper page
- Arthur, 1988, Geochemical and climatic effects of increased marine organic carbon burial at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, Nature, 335, 714, 10.1038/335714a0 · DOI · Paper page
- Aurell, M., Meléndez, G., Olóriz, F., Bádenas, B., Caracuel, J.E., Garcı́a-Ramos, J.C., Goy, A., Linares, A., Quesada, S., Robles, S., Rodrı́guez-Tovar, F.J., Rosales, I., Sandoval, J., Suárez de Centi, C., Tavera, J.M., Valenzuela, M., 2002. Jurassic. In: Gibbons, W., Moreno, T. (Eds.), The Geology of Spain. Geological Society, London, pp. 213–253.
- Barbin, V., 2000. Cathodoluminescence of carbonate shells: Biochemical vs diagenetic process. In: Pagel, M., Barbin, V., Blanc, P., Ohnenstetter, D. (Eds.), Cathodoluminescence in Geosciences. Springer, Berlin, pp. 303–329. · DOI
- Barbin, 1995, Cathodoluminescence of recent articulate brachiopod shells. Implications for growth stages and diagenesis evaluation, Geobios, 18, 39, 10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80151-0 · DOI
- Baudin, F., Herbin, J.-P., Bassoullet, J.-P., Dercourt, J., Lachkar, G., Manivit, H., Renard, M., 1990. Distribution of organic matter during the Toarcian in the Mediterranean Tethys and Middle East. In: Huc, A.Y. (Ed.), Deposition of Organic Facies. AAPG Studies in Geology, Vol. 30, pp. 73–91. · doi:10.1306/st30517c6
- Beck, 1992, Sea-surface temperature from coral skeletal strontium/calcium ratios, Science, 257, 644, 10.1126/science.257.5070.644 · DOI · Paper page
- Berlin, 1967, Jurassic and Cretaceous climate in northern USSR from paleotemperature determinations, Int. Geol. Rev., 9, 1080, 10.1080/00206816709474824 · DOI
- Billups, 2003, Application of benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios to questions of Cenozoic climate change, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 209, 181, 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00067-0 · DOI · Paper page
- Bjerrum, 2001, Numerical paleoceanographic study of the Early Jurassic transcontinental Lausarian seaway, Paleocenography, 16, 390, 10.1029/2000PA000512 · DOI · Paper page
- Braga, J.C., Comas-Rengifo, M.J., Goy, A., Rivas, P., Yébenes, A., 1988. El Lı́as Inferior y Medio en la zona central de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica. In: III Coloquio de Estratigrafı́a y Paleontologı́a del Jurásico de España, Logroño. Instituto de Estudios Riojanos, Ciencias de la Tierra, Geologı́a, Vol. 11, pp. 17–45.
- Charnock, H., 1996. The atmosphere and the ocean. In: Summerhayes, C.P., Thorpe, S.A. (Eds.), Oceanography. Manson Publishing Ltd., pp. 27–40.
- Comas-Rengifo, M.J., Goy, A., Rivas, P., Yébenes, A., 1988. El Toarciense en Castillo Pedroso (Santander). In: III Coloquio de Estratigrafı́a y Paleontologı́a del Jurásico de España, Logroño. Instituto de Estudios Riojanos, Ciencias de la Tierra, Geologı́a, Vol. 11, pp. 63–72.
- Craig, H., 1965. The measurement of oxygen isotope palaeotemperature. In: Tongiorgi, E. (Ed.), Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies and Palaeotemperatures. Cons. Naz. delle Rich. Lab. di Geol Nucl., Pisa, Italy, pp. 161–182.
- Dercourt, J., Ricou, L.E., Vrielynck, B. (Eds.), 1993. Atlas Tethys Palaeoenvironmental Maps. BEICIP-FRANLAB, Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 260 pp., 14 maps.
- Dickson, 2002, Fossil echinoderms as monitor of the Mg/Ca ratio of Phanerozoic oceans, Science, 298, 1222, 10.1126/science.1075882 · DOI · Paper page
- Doyle, 1987, Lower Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous belemnite biogeography and the development of the Mesozoic Boreal realm, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 61, 237, 10.1016/0031-0182(87)90052-6 · doi:10.1016/0031-0182(87)90052-6
- Doyle, 1995, Belemnites in biostratigraphy, Palaeontology, 38, 815
- Doyle, P., Pirrie, D., 1999. Belemnite distribution patterns. Implications of new data from Argentina. In: Olóriz, F., Rodriguez-Tovar, F.J. (Eds.), Advancing Research on Living and Fossil Cephalopods. Kluwer Academic, Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 419–436. · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4837-9_29
- Dwyer, 1995, North Atlantic deepwater temperature change during late Pliocene and late Quaternary climatic cycles, Science, 270, 1347, 10.1126/science.270.5240.1347 · DOI · Paper page
- Erez, 1983, Experimental paleotemperature equation for planktonic foraminifera, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47, 1025, 10.1016/0016-7037(83)90232-6 · DOI · Paper page
- Fischer, A.G., Arthur, M.A., 1977. Secular variations in the pelagic realm. In: Cook, H.E., Enos, P. (Eds.), Deep-Water Carbonate Environments. SEPM Spec. Publ. 25, pp. 19–50. · DOI · Paper page
- Goy, A., Martı́nez, G., Ureta, S., 1994. El Toarciense en la región de Pozazal-Reinosa (Cordillera Cantábrica, España). In: Coloquios de Paleontologı́a. Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Vol. 46, pp. 93–127.
- Hallam, 1986, The Pliensbachian and Tithonian extinction events, Nature, 319, 765, 10.1038/319765a0 · doi:10.1038/319765a0
- Hallam, 2001, A review of the broad pattern of Jurassic sea-level changes and their possible causes in the light of current knowledge, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 167, 23, 10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00229-7 · DOI · Paper page
- Harries, 1999, The early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) and the Cenomanian–Turonian (Late Cretaceous) mass extinctions: similarities and contrasts, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 154, 39, 10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00086-3 · DOI · Paper page
- Hesselbo, 2000, A potential global stratotype for the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian boundary (Lower Jurassic), Robin Hood’s Bay, UK: ammonite faunas and isotope stratigraphy, Geol. Mag., 137, 601, 10.1017/S0016756800004672 · DOI
- Jenkyns, 1988, The Early Toarcian (Jurassic) Anoxic Event: stratigraphic, sedimentary, and geochemical evidence, Am. J. Sci., 288, 101, 10.2475/ajs.288.2.101 · DOI · Paper page
- Jenkyns, 1997, Lower Jurassic epicontinental carbonates and mudstones from England and Wales: chemostratigraphic signals and the early Toarcian anoxic event, Sedimentology, 44, 687, 10.1046/j.1365-3091.1997.d01-43.x · DOI · Paper page
- Jenkyns, 1991, Jurassic manganese carbonates of Central Europe and the early Toarcian anoxic event, J. Geol., 99, 137, 10.1086/629481 · DOI
- Jenkyns, 2002, Chemostratigraphy of the Jurassic System: applications, limitations and implications for palaeoceanography, J. Geol. Soc. London, 159, 351, 10.1144/0016-764901-130 · DOI · Paper page
- Jiménez, 1996, The Early Toarcian anoxic event in the westernmost Tethys (Subbetic): Paleogeographic and paleobiogeographic significance, J. Geol., 104, 399, 10.1086/629836 · DOI
- Jones, 2001, Seawater strontium isotopes, oceanic anoxic events, and seafloor hydrothermal activity in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, Am. J. Sci., 301, 12, 10.2475/ajs.301.2.112 · DOI · Paper page
- Jones, 1994, Strontium isotopes in Early Jurassic seawater, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 1285, 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90382-4 · DOI · Paper page
- Klein, 1997, Elemental and isotopic proxies of paleotemperature and paleosalinity: Climate reconstruction of the marginal northeast Pacific ca. 80 ka, Geology, 25, 363, 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0363:EAIPOP>2.3.CO;2 · doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0363:eaipop>2.3.co;2
- Klein, 1996, Bivalve skeletons record sea-surface temperature and δ18O via Mg/Ca and 18O/16O ratios, Geology, 24, 415, 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0415:BSRSST>2.3.CO;2 · DOI
- Klein, 1996, Sr/Ca and 13C/12C ratios in skeletal calcite of Mytilus trossulus: Covariation with metabolic rate, salinity, and carbon isotopic composition of seawater, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 4207, 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00232-3 · DOI · Paper page
- Lea, 1999, Controls on magnesium and strontium uptake in planktonic foraminifera determined by live culturing, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 63, 2369, 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00197-0 · DOI · Paper page
- Lear, 2000, Cenozoic deep-sea temperatures and global ice volumes from Mg/Ca in benthic foraminiferal calcite, Science, 287, 269, 10.1126/science.287.5451.269 · DOI · Paper page
- Lear, 2002, Benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca-paleothermometry: A revised core-top calibration, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 66, 3375, 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00941-9 · DOI · Paper page
- Lini, 1992, The Valanginian carbon isotope event: a first episode of green house climate during the Cretaceous, Terra Nova, 4, 374, 10.1111/j.1365-3121.1992.tb00826.x · DOI · Paper page
- Longinelli, 1969, Oxygen-18 variations in belemnite guards, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 7, 209, 10.1016/0012-821X(69)90038-7 · DOI
- Longinelli, 2003, δ18O(PO43−) and δ18O(CO32−) from belemnite guards from Eastern Europe: implications for palaeoceanographic reconstructions and for the preservation of pristine isotopic values, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 209, 337, 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00095-5 · DOI
- Marshall, 1992, Climatic and oceanographic isotopic signals from the carbonate rock record and their preservation, Geol. Mag., 129, 143, 10.1017/S0016756800008244 · DOI · Paper page
- Martill, 1994, The trophic structure of the biota of the Peterborough Member, Oxford Clay Formation (Jurassic), UK, J. Geol. Soc. London, 151, 173, 10.1144/gsjgs.151.1.0173 · DOI
- Martin, 1990, Glacial–interglacial CO2 change: The iron hypothesis, Paleoceanography, 5, 1, 10.1029/PA005i001p00001 · DOI · Paper page
- McArthur, 2000, Strontium isotope profile of the early Toarcian (Jurassic) oceanic anoxic event, the duration of ammonite biozones, and belemnite palaeotemperatures, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 179, 269, 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00111-4 · DOI · Paper page
- Mitchell, 1997, Isotope data from Cretaceous chalks and foraminifera: Environmental or diagenetic signals?, Geology, 25, 691, 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0691:IDFCCA>2.3.CO;2 · doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0691:idfcca>2.3.co;2
- Mitsuguchi, 1996, Mg/Ca thermometry on coral skeletons, Science, 274, 961, 10.1126/science.274.5289.961 · doi:10.1126/science.274.5289.961
- Morrison, 1986, Geochemistry of recent marine invertebrates, Geosci. Can., 13, 237
- Murray, 1989, Unexpected changes in the oxic/anoxic interface in the Black Sea, Nature, 338, 411, 10.1038/338411a0 · DOI · Paper page
- Naydin, 1976, Oxygen isotope compositions of eurasian Toarcian–Aalenian seas, Geochem. Int., 13, 163
- Nürnberg, 1996, Assessing the reliability of magnesium in foraminiferal calcite as a proxy for water mass temperatures, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 803, 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00446-7 · DOI · Paper page
- Pálfy, 2000, Synchrony between Early Jurassic extinction, oceanic anoxic event, and the Karoon–Ferrar flood basalt volcanism, Geology, 28, 747, 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<747:SBEJEO>2.0.CO;2 · DOI
- Pálfy, 2000, A U–Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic, Can. J. Earth Sci., 37, 923, 10.1139/e00-002 · DOI
- Parrish, 2001, A Triassic upwelling zone: the Shublik formation, Arctic Alaska, USA, J. Sediment. Res., 71, 272, 10.1306/052600710272 · DOI
- Pearson, 2001, Warm tropical sea surface temperatures in the Late Cretaceous and Eocene epochs, Nature, 413, 481, 10.1038/35097000 · DOI · Paper page
- Podlaha, 1998, Preservation of δ18O and δ13C in belemnite rostra from the Jurassic/early Cretaceous successions, Am. J. Sci., 298, 324, 10.2475/ajs.298.4.324 · DOI · Paper page
- Price, 2002, Strontium-isotope stratigraphy and oxygen- and carbon-isotope variations during the Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous of the Falkland Plateau, South Atlantic, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 183, 209, 10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00486-2 · DOI
- Price, 1997, ‘Warm’ palaeotemperatures from high Late Jurassic palaeolatitudes (Falkland Plateau): Ecological, environmental or diagenetic controls?, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 129, 315, 10.1016/S0031-0182(96)00058-2 · DOI
- Quesada, 1997, Geochemical correlation of oil from Ayoluengo field to Liassic black shale units in the southwestern Basque–Cantabrian Basin (northern Spain), Org. Geochem., 27, 25, 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00045-4 · DOI
- Quesada, S., Robles, S., 1995. Organic geochemistry, distribution and depositional dynamics of the Liassic organic facies of the Basque–Cantabrian Basin (Northern Spain). In: Grimalt, J.O., Dorronsoro, C. (Eds.), Organic Geochemistry: Developments and Applications to Energy, Climate, Environment and Human History. Selected papers from the 17th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, European Association of Organic Geochemistry, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain, pp. 464–465.
- Quesada, 1991, Correlación secuencial y sedimentológica entre registros de sondeos y series de superficie de Jurásico Marino de la Cuenca de Santander (Cantabria, Palencia y Burgos), Geogaceta, 10, 3
- Quesada, 1993, El Jurásico Marino del margen suroccidental de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica y su relación con la exploración de hidrocarburos, Geogaceta, 13, 92
- Röhl, 2001, The Posidonia Shale (Lower Toarcian) of SW-Germany: and oxygen-depleted ecosystem controlled by sea level and palaeoclimate, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 165, 27, 10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00152-8 · DOI · Paper page
- Rosales, 2001, Primary and diagenetic isotopic signals in fossils and hemipelagic carbonates: the Lower Jurassic of northern Spain, Sedimentology, 48, 1149, 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00412.x · DOI
- Rosenberg, 1991, A metabolic model for the determination of shell composition in the bivalve mollusc, Mytilus edulis, Lethaia, 24, 83, 10.1111/j.1502-3931.1991.tb01182.x · DOI
- Rosenthal, 1997, Temperature control on the incorporation of magnesium, strontium, fluorine, and cadmium into benthic foraminiferal shells from Little Bahama Bank: Prospects for thermocline paleoceanography, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61, 3633, 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00181-6 · DOI · Paper page
- Sælen, 1989, Diagenesis and construction of the belemnite rostra, Palaeontology, 32, 765
- Sælen, 1996, Stable-isotope analyses of belemnite rostra from the Whitby Mudstone Fm., England: Surface water conditions during deposition of a marine black shale, Palaios, 11, 97, 10.2307/3515065 · DOI
- Sælen, 1989, Chemical signatures of belemnites, Neues Jahrb. Geol. Paläontol. Abh., 177, 333, 10.1127/njgpa/177/1989/333 · doi:10.1127/njgpa/177/1989/333
- Schifano, 1982, Temperature–magnesium relations in the shell carbonate of some modern marine gastropods, Chem. Geol., 35, 321, 10.1016/0009-2541(82)90009-2 · doi:10.1016/0009-2541(82)90009-2
- Schouten, 2000, Effects of an Oceanic Anoxic Event on the stable carbon isotopic composition of Early Toarcian carbon, Am. J. Sci., 300, 1, 10.2475/ajs.300.1.1 · DOI · Paper page
- Sellwood, 1994, Cooler estimates of Cretaceous temperatures, Nature, 370, 453, 10.1038/370453a0 · DOI
- Shen, 1996, The calibration of D(Sr/Ca) versus sea surface temperature relationship for Porites corals, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 3849, 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00205-0 · DOI · Paper page
- Spaeth, 1971, Some aspects of isotopic composition of belemnites and related paleotemperatures, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 82, 3139, 10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[3139:SAOICO]2.0.CO;2 · doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[3139:saoico]2.0.co;2
- Spicer, 1992, A review of terrestrial and marine climates in the Cretaceous with implications for modelling the ‘Greenhouse Earth’, Geol. Mag., 129, 169, 10.1017/S0016756800008268 · DOI · Paper page
- Stevens, 1971, Oxygen isotope studies on Jurassic and Cretaceous belemnites from New Zealand and their biogeographic significance, New Zealand J. Geol. Geophys., 14, 829, 10.1080/00288306.1971.10426336 · DOI
- Suárez-Ruiz, I., 1987. Caracterización, clasificación y estudio de la evolución de la materia orgánica dispersa en el Jurásico de Asturias y Cantabria. PhD thesis, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain.
- Taylor, 1983, Stable isotopic studies of Nautilus macromphalus Sowerby (New Caledonia) and Nautilus pompilius L. (Fiji), Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 41, 1, 10.1016/0031-0182(83)90072-X · DOI
- Veizer, 1974, Chemical diagenesis of belemnite shells and possible consequences for paleotemperature determinations, Neues Jahrb. Geol. Paläontol. Abh., 145, 279
- Veizer, 2000, Evidence for decoupling of atmospheric CO2 and global climate during the Phanerozoic eon, Nature, 408, 698, 10.1038/35047044 · DOI · Paper page
- Weedon, 1999, Cyclostratigraphy and the Early Jurassic timescale: Data from the Belemnite Marls, Dorset, southern England, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 111, 1823, 10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1823:CATEJT>2.3.CO;2 · doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1823:catejt>2.3.co;2
- Wei, 2000, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and U/Ca ratios of a porites coral from Sanya Bay, Hainan Island, South China Sea and their relationships to sea surface temperature, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 162, 59, 10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00105-X · DOI
- Weissert, 1996, Late Jurassic climate and its impact on carbon cycling, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 122, 27, 10.1016/0031-0182(95)00088-7 · DOI · Paper page
- Yasamanov, 1981, Paleothermometry of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Paleogene periods of some regions of the USSR, Int. Geol. Rev., 23, 700, 10.1080/00206818109455112 · DOI
Cited by
Prokoph, A., Shields, G. A., & Veizer, J. (2008) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2007.12.003 · Cited by 498
Jurassic climate mode governed by ocean gateway
Korte, C., Hesselbo, S. P., Ullmann, C. V., Dietl, G., Ruhl, M., Schweigert, G., & Thibault, N. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10015 · Cited by 311
Korte, C., & Hesselbo, S. P. (2011) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/2011pa002160 · Cited by 273
Gómez, J. J., Comas-Rengifo, M. J., & Goy, A. (2016) · Climate of the Past · doi:10.5194/cp-12-1199-2016 · Cited by 124
Dera, G., Prunier, J., Smith, P. L., Haggart, J. W., Popov, E., Guzhov, A., Rogov, M., Delsate, D., Thies, D., Cuny, G., et al. (2015) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.02.006 · Cited by 85
Metadata
- Authors
- Rosales, I., Quesada, S., & Robles, S.
- Venue
- Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-02
- Volume
- 203
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 253-275
- ISSN
- 0031-0182 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2062752588
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 7.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Paleotemperature variations of Early Jurassic seawater recorded in geochemical trends of belemnites from the Basque–Cantabrian basin, northern Spain. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0031-0182(03)00686-2
- The paper
- Rosales, I., Quesada, S., & Robles, S. (2004). Paleotemperature variations of Early Jurassic seawater recorded in geochemical trends of belemnites from the Basque–Cantabrian basin, northern Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(03)00686-2
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.