Dynamics and pathology of dendritic spines
Abstract
Dendritic spines are key players in information processing in the brain. Changes in spine shape and wholesale spine turnover provide mechanisms for modifying existing synaptic connections and altering neuronal connectivity. Although neuronal cell death in acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases is clearly an important factor in decline of cognitive or motor function, loss of dendritic spines, in the absence of cell death, may also contribute to impaired brain function in these diseases, as well as in psychiatric disorders and aging. Because spines can function in neuroprotection in vitro, advances toward a molecular understanding of spine maintenance might one day aid in the design of therapies to minimize neurological damage following excitotoxic injury. In addition, progress in defining the biochemical basis of spine development and stabilization may yield insights into mental retardation and psychiatric disorders.
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Neurological disorders such as mental retardation are associated with defects in dendritic spine morphology and number of dendritic spines.
“Many numbers of neurological disorders, such as mental retardation, are associated with defects in dendritic spine morphology and number of dendritic spines (25).”
From AMPA receptor and GEF-H1/Lfc complex regulates dendritic spine development through RhoA signaling cascade (2009) · cites this paper as [25]
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- Authors
- Halpain, S., Spencer, K., & Graber, S.
- Affiliations
- Scripps Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Halpain, Shelley
- ORCID
- Halpain, Shelley
- Venue
- Progress in Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 147
- Pages
- 29-37
- ISSN
- 0079-6123 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1571543296
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.30
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in brain research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-50861)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS037311, NS37311)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- dendritic spines, spine dynamics, synaptic plasticity, neuronal connectivity, neurodegenerative diseases, neuronal cell death, neuroprotection, excitotoxic injury, spine development, spinal stabilization, intellectual disability, mental illness, brain aging
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dendritic Spines
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