The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Shared and separate systems in bilingual language processing: Converging evidence from eyetracking and brain imaging
Abstract
The neurological and cognitive aspects of bilingual language processing were examined in late Russian-English bilinguals using headband-mounted eyetracking and functional neuroimaging. A series of three eyetracking studies suggested that, at early stages of word recognition, bilinguals can activate both languages in parallel, even when direct linguistic input is in one language only. A functional neuroimaging study suggested that, although the same general structures are active for both languages, differences within these general structures are present across languages and across levels of processing. For example, different centers of activation were associated with first versus second language processing within the left Inferior Frontal Gyrus, but not within the Superior Temporal Gyrus. We suggest that parallel activation (as found with eyetracking) and shared cortical structures (as found with fMRI) may be characteristic of early stages of language processing (such as phonetic processing), but the two languages may be using separate structures at later stages of processing (such as lexical processing).
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“English-Russian bilinguals performing a task in English in which they had to look at the named picture from four alternatives were distracted by a picture whose name shared phonology with Russian”
From Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain (2012) · cites this paper as [57]
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Cites
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Marian, V., Blumenfeld, H. K., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2007) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2007/067 · Cited by 1,994
Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain
Bialystok, E., Craik, F. I. M., & Luk, G. (2012) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.03.001 · Cited by 1,386
“Using eye-tracking technology, for example, Marian, Spivey, and Hirsch [57] reported that English-Russian bilinguals performing a task in English in which they had to look at the named picture from four alternatives were distracted by a picture whose name shared phonology with Russian even though there was no connecti…”
BackgroundBilingualism: The good, the bad, and the indifferent
Bialystok, E. (2008) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728908003477 · Cited by 1,222
Bialystok, E., Craik, F. I. M., Green, D. W., & Gollan, T. H. (2009) · Gothic.net · doi:10.1177/1529100610387084 · Cited by 753
Reshaping the mind: The benefits of bilingualism.
Bialystok, E. (2011) · Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale · doi:10.1037/a0025406 · Cited by 739
Metadata
- Authors
- Marian, V., Spivey, M., & Hirsch, J.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Marian, Viorica
- Venue
- Brain and Language
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 70-82
- ISSN
- 0093-934X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2137878155
- Cited by
- 302
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain and Language (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5t32mh019389-10)
- National Institute of Mental Health (5T32MH019389-09)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Keywords
- bilingual language processing, Russian-English bilinguals, parallel activation, word recognition, phonetic processing, lexical processing, inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, levels of processing
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Cognition, Eye Movements, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Speech Perception, Multilingualism
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