The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel for second-line treatment of stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on platinum-based therapy (REVEL): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial
Open accessAbstract
Background Ramucirumab is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets the extracellular domain of VEGFR-2. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of treatment with docetaxel plus ramucirumab or placebo as second-line treatment for patients with stage IV non-small-cell-lung cancer (NSCLC) after platinum-based therapy.Methods In this multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial (REVEL), we enrolled patients with squamous or non-squamous NSCLC who had progressed during or after a first-line platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1) with a centralised, interactive voice-response system (stratified by sex, region, performance status, and previous maintenance therapy [yes vs no]) to receive docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) and either ramucirumab (10 mg/kg) or placebo on day 1 of a 21 day cycle until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal, or death. The primary endpoint was overall survival in all patients allocated to treatment. We assessed adverse events according to treatment received. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01168973.Findings Between Dec 3, 2010, and Jan 24, 2013, we screened 1825 patients, of whom 1253 patients were randomly allocated to treatment. Median overall survival was 10·5 months (IQR 5·1-21·2) for 628 patients allocated ramucirumab plus docetaxel and 9·1 months (4·2-18·0) for 625 patients who received placebo plus docetaxel (hazard ratio 0·86, 95% CI 0·75-0·98; p=0·023). Median progression-free survival was 4·5 months (IQR 2·3-8·3) for the ramucirumab group compared with 3·0 months (1·4-6·9) for the control group (0·76, 0·68-0·86; p<0·0001). We noted treatment-emergent adverse events in 613 (98%) of 627 patients in the ramucirumab safety population and 594 (95%) of 618 patients in the control safety population. The most common grade 3 or worse adverse events were neutropenia (306 patients [49%] in the ramucirumab group vs 246 [40%] in the control group), febrile neutropenia (100 [16%] vs 62 [10%]), fatigue (88 [14%] vs 65 [10%]), leucopenia (86 [14%] vs 77 [12%]), and hypertension (35 [6%] vs 13 [2%]). The numbers of deaths from adverse events (31 [5%] vs 35 [6%]) and grade 3 or worse pulmonary haemorrhage (eight [1%] vs eight [1%]) did not differ between groups. Toxicities were manageable with appropriate dose reductions and supportive care.Interpretation Ramucirumab plus docetaxel improves survival as second-line treatment of patients with stage IV NSCLC.Funding Eli Lilly.
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“The median overall survival was estimated at 12.5 months, which compares favorably to historical benchmarks in this disease setting (i.e. docetaxel combined with ramucirumab had 10.5 months overall survival in the REVEL study)32.”
From Selective KRAS G12C inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: chemistry, concurrent pathway alterations, and clinical outcomes (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The median overall survival was estimated at 12.5 months, which compares favorably to historical benchmarks in this disease setting (i.e. docetaxel combined with ramucirumab had 10.5 months overall survival in the REVEL study)32.”
From Selective KRAS G12C inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: chemistry, concurrent pathway alterations, and clinical outcomes (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The study compared docetaxel with ramucirumab or placebo in patients who had progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy.Median OS was longer (10.5 versus 9.1 months, HR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98,P = 0.023) in the ramucirumab arm compared with the placebo arm.Median PFS was also superior in the ramucirumab arm”
From Metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up (2016) · cites this paper as [94]
In the citing paper
“One trial tested a new vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor for NSCLC, ramucirumab (plus docetaxel); the intervention arm experienced longer PFS (by 1.5 months) and OS (by 1.4 months), both statistically significant.”
From Systemic Therapy for Stage IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update (2015) · cites this paper as [57]
In the citing paper
“Hematologic adverse events were more frequent with ramucirumab plus docetaxel, as were other adverse events, such as diarrhea, dyspnea, and fatigue.57”
From Systemic Therapy for Stage IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update (2015) · cites this paper as [57]
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Oduah, E. I., Zhang, T., Jung, S.-H., Stinchcombe, T. E., Ready, N., Crawford, J., Clarke, J. M., Gray, J. E., & Antonia, S. J. (2026) · Future Oncology · doi:10.1080/14796694.2026.2648863
Metadata
- Authors
- Garon, E. B., Ciuleanu, T.-E., Arrieta, O., Prabhash, K., Syrigos, K. N., Goksel, T., Park, K., Gorbunova, V., Kowalyszyn, R. D., Pikiel, J., Czyzewicz, G., Orlov, S. V., Lewanski, C. R., Thomas, M., Bidoli, P., Dakhil, S., Gans, S., Kim, J.-H., Grigorescu, A., Karaseva, N., Reck, M., Cappuzzo, F., Alexandris, E., Sashegyi, A., Yurasov, S., & Pérol, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy (RO)
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (MX)
- Tata Memorial Hospital (IN)
- Sotiria General Hospital (GR)
- Samsung Medical Center (KR)
- Russian Cancer Research Center NN Blokhin (RU)
- Charing Cross Hospital (GB)
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo (IT)
- Cancer Center of Kansas (US)
- Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke (DE)
- Yonsei University Health System (KR)
- Institutul Oncologic Bucuresti (RO)
- City Clinical Oncology Center (RU)
- German Center for Lung Research (DE)
- Ospedale di Livorno (IT)
- Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Garon, Edward B
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 9944
- Pages
- 665-673
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2140980839
- Cited by
- 1,309
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 57 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 116 · 2023: 102 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 106 · 2017: 148 · 2016: 155 · 2015: 115 · 2014: 19
- FWCI
- 116.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- YUHSpace (Yonsei University Medical Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Lung Cancer Research Studies
- Keywords
- ramucirumab, docetaxel, non-small cell lung cancer, second-line therapy, VEGFR-2 inhibition, anti-angiogenic therapy, overall survival, progression-free survival, adverse events, drug safety, maintenance therapy, lung squamous cell carcinoma, non-squamous cell lung cancer
- MeSH terms
- Docetaxel, Ramucirumab, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Placebos, Platinum, Quality of Life, Survival Rate, Disease Progression, Taxoids, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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