The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The need for a complex systems model of evidence for public health
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In the citing paper
“Traditionally, many action researchers in school interventions have followed the cycle of needs assessment, development, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of change [23,24]. However, the limitation of following these steps is that they suggest a logical, causal process, which is difficult to identify in a complex school system initiative [25], where changes are interacting with each other”
From The Healthy Primary School of the Future: A Contextual Action-Oriented Research Approach (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“Since randomization is neither desirable nor feasible here [26], a quasi-experimental study design is used.”
From The Healthy Primary School of the Future: A Contextual Action-Oriented Research Approach (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“Thinking about systems helps us understand the interaction between an intervention and the context in which it is implemented in a dynamic way.22”
From A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance (2021) · cites this paper as [22]
Citations
Cites
Dilemmas in a general theory of planning
Rittel, H. W. J., & Webber, M. M. (1973) · Policy Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01405730 · Cited by 16,338
Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews
Thomas, J., & Harden, A. (2008) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-8-45 · Cited by 9,312
Self-citationProcess evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance
Moore, G. F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W., Moore, L., O'Cathain, A., Tinati, T., Wight, D., et al. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h1258 · Cited by 6,204
Self-citationInterrupted time series regression for the evaluation of public health interventions: a tutorial
Lopez Bernal, J., Cummins, S., & Gasparrini, A. (2016) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyw098 · Cited by 3,049
Self-citationThe strategy of preventive medicine
(1993) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.30-5633 · Cited by 1,878
Batty, M. (2013) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9399.001.0001 · Cited by 1,700
Leverage Points—Places to Intervene in a System
(2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781849773386-15 · Cited by 1,637
Complex Adaptive Systems: An Introduction to Computational Models of Social Life
Miller, J. H., & Page, S. E. (2009) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400835522 · Cited by 1,502
Syndemics and the biosocial conception of health
Singer, M., Bulled, N., Ostrach, B., & Mendenhall, E. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30003-x · Cited by 1,491
Theorising interventions as events in systems
Hawe, P., Shiell, A., & Riley, T. (2009) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-009-9229-9 · Cited by 1,143
Self-citation
Cited by
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Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., Boyd, K. A., Craig, N., French, D. P., McIntosh, E., et al. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n2061 · Cited by 5,808
Self-citationInterventions for preventing obesity in children
Brown, T. J., Moore, T. H., Hooper, L., Gao, Y., Zayegh, A. M., Ijaz, S., Elwenspoek, M. M. C., Foxen, S. C., Magee, L., O’Malley, C. L., et al. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001871.pub4 · Cited by 3,054
Studying complexity in health services research: desperately seeking an overdue paradigm shift
Greenhalgh, T., & Papoutsi, C. (2018) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-018-1089-4 · Cited by 962
Physical activity behaviours in adolescence: Current evidence and opportunities for intervention
van Sluijs, E. M. F., Ekelund, U., Crochemore-Silva, I., Guthold, R., Ha, A., Lubans, D., Oyeyemi, A. L., Ding, D., & Katzmarzyk, P. T. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01259-9 · Cited by 919
OECD (2018) · OECD health policy studies · doi:10.1787/9789264307599-en · Cited by 781
Metadata
- Authors
- Rutter, H., Savona, N., Glonti, K., Bibby, J., Cummins, S., Finegood, D. T., Greaves, F., Harper, L., Hawe, P., Moore, L., Petticrew, M., Rehfuess, E., Shiell, A., Thomas, J., & White, M.
- Affiliations
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Health Foundation (GB)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Public Health England (GB)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit (GB)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- La Trobe University (AU)
- University College London (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Rutter, Harry
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-12
- Volume
- 390
- Issue
- 10112
- Pages
- 2602-2604
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2626277945
- Cited by
- 1,260
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 107 · 2025: 139 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 150 · 2022: 148 · 2021: 149 · 2020: 193 · 2019: 112 · 2018: 90 · 2017: 24
- FWCI
- 102.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Pure (University of Bath) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Apollo
- Funders
- UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/14)
- Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU14)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Public Administration › Evaluation and Performance Assessment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Public Health Policies and Education
- Keywords
- complex systems, public health evidence, evidence-based public health, causal inference, public health interventions, intervention implementation
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Models, Theoretical, Public Health, Public Health Administration, Systems Analysis, Evidence-Based Practice
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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