The New Science of Cities
Abstract
A proposal for a new way to understand cities and their design not as artifacts but as systems composed of flows and networks. In The New Science of Cities, Michael Batty suggests that to understand cities we must view them not simply as places in space but as systems of networks and flows. To understand space, he argues, we must understand flows, and to understand flows, we must understand networks—the relations between objects that compose the system of the city. Drawing on the complexity sciences, social physics, urban economics, transportation theory, regional science, and urban geography, and building on his own previous work, Batty introduces theories and methods that reveal the deep structure of how cities function. Batty presents the foundations of a new science of cities, defining flows and their networks and introducing tools that can be applied to understanding different aspects of city structure. He examines the size of cities, their internal order, the transport routes that define them, and the locations that fix these networks. He introduces methods of simulation that range from simple stochastic models to bottom-up evolutionary models to aggregate land-use transportation models. Then, using largely the same tools, he presents design and decision-making models that predict interactions and flows in future cities. These networks emphasize a notion with relevance for future research and planning: that design of cities is collective action.
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Network approach allows us to study the city as a formal emergent phenomenon, with a 'hidden hand' guiding its growth, and no top-down decision-maker guiding its physical and spatial organization.
“Network approach allows us to study the city as a formal emergent phenomenon, with a Bhidden hand^guiding its growth, and no top-down decision-maker guiding its physical and spatial organization (Batty 2013;Batty 2003).”
From A Network Approach to Link Visibility and Urban Activity Location (2018) · cites this paper as Batty 2013
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- Authors
- Batty, M.
- Corresponding author
- Batty, Michael
- ORCID
- Batty, Michael
- Venue
- The MIT Press eBooks
- Publisher
- The MIT Press
- Published
- 2013-11-01
- OpenAlex
- W202805313
- Cited by
- 1,700
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 225 · 2025: 161 · 2024: 107 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 156 · 2020: 170 · 2019: 146 · 2018: 176 · 2017: 121 · 2016: 96 · 2015: 84 · 2014: 45 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 79.85
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The MIT Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Global Urban Networks and Dynamics
- Keywords
- urban systems, urban networks, flow, complexity science, social physics, urban design, city size, transportation routes, urban structure, stochastic modeling, evolutionary models, urban planning, collective action, urban decision-making
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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