Cited by 310Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesHIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskYouth, Drugs, and Violence

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Responding to global stimulant use: challenges and opportunities

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Farrell, Michael, Martin, Natasha K, Stockings, Emily, Bórquez, Annick, Cepeda, Javier A, Degenhardt, Louisa, Ali, Robert, Tran, Lucy Thi, Rehm, Jürgen, Torrens, Marta, Shoptaw, Steve, McKetin, Rebecca·2019·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32230-5PMC PMC6924572

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Abstract

We did a global review to synthesise data on the prevalence, harms, and interventions for stimulant use, focusing specifically on the use of cocaine and amphetamines. Modelling estimated the effect of cocaine and amphetamine use on mortality, suicidality, and blood borne virus incidence. The estimated global prevalence of cocaine use was 0·4% and amphetamine use was 0·7%, with dependence affecting 16% of people who used cocaine and 11% of those who used amphetamine. Stimulant use was associated with elevated mortality, increased incidence of HIV and hepatitis C infection, poor mental health (suicidality, psychosis, depression, and violence), and increased risk of cardiovascular events. No effective pharmacotherapies are available that reduce stimulant use, and the available psychosocial interventions (except for contingency management) had a weak overall effect. Generic approaches can address mental health and blood borne virus infection risk if better tailored to mitigate the harms associated with stimulant use. Substantial and sustained investment is needed to develop more effective interventions to reduce stimulant use.

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Madde Kullanan Bireylerin Sokaktan İlaç Alma Davranışının İncelenmesi
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Authors: Farrell, M., Martin, N. K., Stockings, E., Bórquez, A., Cepeda, J. A., Degenhardt, L., Ali, R., Tran, L. T., Rehm, J., Torrens, M., Shoptaw, S., & McKetin, R.
Affiliations: UNSW Sydney (AU)
University of Bristol (GB)
University of California San Diego (US)
The University of Adelaide (AU)
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
Corresponding author: Farrell, Michael
ORCID: Farrell, Michael
Martin, Natasha K
Stockings, Emily
Bórquez, Annick
Cepeda, Javier A
Degenhardt, Louisa
Ali, Robert
Tran, Lucy Thi
Rehm, Jürgen
Torrens, Marta
McKetin, Rebecca
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-11
Volume: 394
Issue: 10209
Pages: 1652-1667
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32230-5
PMC: PMC6924572
OpenAlex: W2981405421
Cited by: 310
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 34 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 4
FWCI: 4.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI147490)
National Institute for Drug Abuse (R01 DA03773)
NIH (P30 AI036214)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Youth, Drugs, and Violence
Keywords: stimulant use, cocaine, amphetamine, prevalence, substance dependence, mortality, suicidality, HIV, hepatitis C, blood-borne viruses, cardiovascular risk, psychosis, depression, violence, pharmacotherapy, psychosocial interventions, contingency management, harm reduction
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Amphetamines, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Mental Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cocaine, Female, Hepatitis C, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Virus Diseases, HIV Infections, Incidence, Prevalence, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Young Adult

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