Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 553

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Using a hierarchy-of-effects approach to gauge the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility to generate goodwill toward the firm: Financial versus nonfinancial impacts

Murray, Keith B., Vogel, Christine M.·1997·Journal of Business Research

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0148-2963(96)00061-6

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 4 references

Research works printed but not linked: 69

  1. Abbott, 1979, On the Measurement of Corporate Social Responsibility, Academy of Management Journal, 22, 501, 10.2307/255740 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Alexander, 1978, Corporate Social Responsibility and Stock Market Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 21, 479, 10.2307/255728 · DOI · Paper page
  3. W. Thomas, 1984, Lifestyle and Psychographics: A Critical Review and Recommendation, Vol. 11, 405
  4. Arlow, 1978, Social Responsiveness, Corporate Structure, and Economic Performance, Academy of Management Review, 7, 235, 10.5465/amr.1982.4285580 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Arrington, 1984, Issues Management in an Uncertain Environment, Long Range Planning, 17, 17, 10.1016/0024-6301(84)90214-0 · DOI
  6. Aupperle, 1985, An Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Profitability, Academy of Management Journal, 28, 446, 10.2307/256210 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Bagozzi, 1974, Marketing as an Organized Behavioral System of Exchange, Journal of Marketing, 38, 77, 10.2307/1250397 · DOI
  8. Beatty, 1988, Alternative Hierarchies of the Attitude-Behavior Relationship: The Impact of Brand Commitment and Habit, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 1, 10.1007/BF02723310 · DOI
  9. Black, 1994, John Commons on Customer Goodwill and the Economic Value of Business Ethics: Response to Professor Sen, Business Ethics Quarterly, 4, 359, 10.2307/3857453 · DOI
  10. Blair, 1986, Scanning the Corporate Horizon: Public Affairs in the Strategically Managed Operation, Canadian Business Review, 13, 33
  11. Brief, 1986, Prosocial Organizational Behaviors, Academy of Management Review, 11, 710, 10.5465/amr.1986.4283909 · DOI · Paper page
  12. 1982, Amex Shows the Way to Benefit from Giving, 22
  13. Byron, 1982, In Defense of Social Responsibility, Journal of Economics and Business, 34, 189, 10.1016/0148-6195(82)90033-9 · DOI
  14. Calder, 1981, Designing Research for Application, Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 197, 10.1086/208856 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Chase, 1977, Public Issue Management: The New Science, Public Relations Journal, 33, 25
  16. Chase, 1980, Evaluating Issues Management, Public Relations Journal, 36, 14
  17. Chen, 1980, The Relationship between Pollution Control and Financial Indicators Revisited, Accounting Review, 55, 168
  18. Cochran, 1984, Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 27, 42, 10.2307/255956 · DOI
  19. Collins, 1989, Organizational Harm, Legal Condemnation and Stakeholder Retaliation: A Typology, Research Agenda and Application, Journal of Business Ethics, 8, 1, 10.1007/BF00382011 · DOI
  20. Dalton, The Four Faces of Social Responsibility, Business Horizons, 25, 19, 10.1016/0007-6813(82)90124-0 · DOI
  21. Dess, 1984, Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments, Administrative Science Quarterly, 29, 52, 10.2307/2393080 · DOI
  22. Dersmith, 1983, Strategy, External Communication and Environmental Context, Journal of Strategic Management, 4, 137, 10.1002/smj.4250040205 · DOI
  23. Dichter, 1986, Whose Lifestyle Is It Anyway?, Psychology & Marketing, 3, 151, 10.1002/mar.4220030304 · DOI
  24. Dill, 1958, Environment as an Influence on Managerial Autonomy, Administrative Science Quarterly, 2, 409, 10.2307/2390794 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Emery, 1965, The Causal Texture of Organizational Environments, Human Relations, 18, 21, 10.1177/001872676501800103 · DOI
  26. Fahey, 1981, Environmental Scanning and Forecasting in Strategic Planning—The State of the Art, Long Range Planning, 14, 32, 10.1016/0024-6301(81)90148-5 · DOI
  27. Feick, 1987, Latent Class Models for the Analysis of Behavioral Hierarchies, Journal of Marketing Research, 24, 174, 10.2307/3151507 · DOI
  28. Ferrell, 1985, A Contingency Framework for Understanding Ethical Decision Making in Marketing, Journal of Marketing, 49, 87, 10.2307/1251618 · DOI
  29. Fischer, 1983, Strategies toward Political Pressures: A Typology of Firm Responses, Academy of Management Review, 7, 403
  30. Folger, 1975, A Note on Social Responsibility and Stock Valuation, Academy of Management Journal, 18, 155, 10.2307/255635 · DOI
  31. Freeman, 1994, The Politics of Stakeholder Theory: Some Future Direction, Business Ethics Quarterly, 4, 409, 10.2307/3857340 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Freeman, 1992, Business, Ethics and Society: A Critical Agenda, Business & Society, 31, 9, 10.1177/000765039203100102 · DOI
  33. Freeman, 1972, Stockholder and Stakeholders: A New Perspective on Corporate Governance, California Management Review, 25, 88, 10.2307/41165018 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Goodpaster, 1982, Can a Corporation Have a Conscience?, Harvard Business Review, 60, 132
  35. Grahn, 1987, Corporate Philanthropy and Marketing Strategy: A Review and Directions for Research
  36. Greenberg, 1987, The College Sophomore as Guinea Pig: Setting the Record Straight, Academy of Management Review, 12, 157, 10.5465/amr.1987.4306516 · DOI
  37. Hamaker, 1984, Live from the Met, Public Relations Journal, 40, 27
  38. Hutt, 1986, The Politics of Marketing: Analyzing the Parallel Political Marketplace, Journal of Marketing, 50, 40, 10.2307/1251277 · DOI
  39. Langtry, 1994, Stakeholders and the Moral Responsibility of Business, Business Ethics Quarterly, 4, 423, 10.2307/3857342 · DOI
  40. Lastovicka, 1990, Evaluating the Measurement Validity of Lifestyle Typologies with Qualitative Measures and Multiplicative Factoring, Journal of Marketing Research, 27, 11, 10.2307/3172547 · DOI
  41. Lavidge, 1961, A Model for Predictive Measurements of Advertising Effectiveness, Journal of Advertising, 25, 59
  42. Lesser, 1986, The Generalizability of Psychographic Market Segments across Geographic Locations, Journal of Marketing, 50, 18, 10.2307/1251275 · DOI
  43. Mahon, 1992, Strategic Issues Management: An Integration of Issue Life Cycle Perspectives, Business & Society, 31, 19, 10.1177/000765039203100103 · DOI
  44. Marx, 1986, Integrating Public Affairs and Strategic Planning, California Management Review, 29, 141, 10.2307/41165232 · DOI
  45. McGuire, 1976, Some Internal Psychological Factors Influencing Consumer Choice, Journal of Consumer Research, 2, 302, 10.1086/208643 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Mesch, 1984, Developing an Effective Environmental Assessment Function, Managerial Planning, 32, 17
  47. Mescon, Social Performance Planning: Shell Sets Precedents, Business, 31, 19
  48. Mescon, 1987, Corporate Philanthropy: A Strategic Approach to the Bottom-line, California Management Review, 29, 49, 10.2307/41165238 · DOI
  49. Meyer, 1982, Adapting to Environmental Jolts, Administrative Science Quarterly, 27, 515, 10.2307/2392528 · DOI · Paper page
  50. Murray, 1986, Strategic Management of the Socially Responsible Firm: Integrating Management and Marketing Theory, Academy of Management Review, 11, 815, 10.5465/amr.1986.4284013 · DOI
  51. Norris, 1985, Sowing New Seeds For Corporate Responsibility, FE, 7, 16
  52. Peter, 1979, Reliability: A Review of Psychometric Basics and Recent Marketing Practices, Journal of Marketing Research, 16, 6, 10.2307/3150868 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Plummer, 1974, The Concept and Application of Life Style Segmentation, Journal of Marketing, 38, 33, 10.2307/1250164 · DOI · Paper page
  54. Reiss, 1984, Beauty and the Bottom Line, Enterprise, 26
  55. Renfro, 1987, Issues Management: The Evolving Corporate Role, Futures, 16, 545, 10.1016/0016-3287(87)90063-2 · DOI
  56. Robin, 1987, Social Responsibility, Ethics, and Marketing Strategy: Closing the Gap between Concept and Application, Journal of Marketing, 51, 44, 10.2307/1251143 · DOI
  57. Schlossberger, 1994, A New Model of Business: Dual-Investor Theory, Business Ethics Quarterly, 4, 458, 10.2307/3857344 · DOI
  58. Sen, 1993, Does Business Ethics Make Economic Sense?, Business Ethics Quarterly, 3, 45, 10.2307/3857381 · DOI
  59. Sethi, 1979, A Conceptual Framework for Environmental Analysis of Social Issues and Evaluation of Business Response Patterns, Academy of Management Review, 4, 63, 10.5465/amr.1979.4289184 · DOI
  60. Shocker, 1973, An Approach to Preferences in Developing Corporate Action Strategies, California Management Review, 15, 97, 10.2307/41164466 · DOI
  61. Silverstein, 1987, Managing Corporate Social Responsibility in a Changing Legal Environment, American Business Law Journal, 25, 921, 10.1111/j.1744-1714.1987.tb00514.x · DOI
  62. Spencer, 1987, A Within and Between Analysis of the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance, Akron Business and Economic Review, 18, 7
  63. Strand, 1983, A. Systems Paradigm of Organizational Adjustment to the Social Environment, Academy of Management Review, 8, 90, 10.5465/amr.1983.4287703 · DOI
  64. Thorson, 1991, Attention, Memory, Attitude, and Conation: A Test of the Advertising Hierarchy, Vol. 18, 366
  65. Vogel, 1994, Does Anyone Really Represent the Consumer Interest, Mobius Journal of the Society of Consumer Affairs Professionals in Business, 13, 4
  66. Wells, 1975, Psychographics: A Critical Review, Journal of Marketing Research, 12, 196, 10.2307/3150443 · DOI
  67. Wells, 1985, Attitudes and Behavior: Lessons from the Needham Life Style Study, Journal of Advertising Research, 25, 40
  68. Wood, 1986, Social Responsibility and Personal Success: Are They Incompatible?, Journal of Business Research, 14, 193, 10.1016/0148-2963(86)90001-9 · DOI
  69. Zeithaml, 1984, Environmental Management: Revising the Marketing Perspective, Journal of Marketing, 48, 46, 10.2307/1251213 · DOI

Cited by

See all 553

Metadata

Authors
Murray, K. B., & Vogel, C. M.
Venue
Journal of Business Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1997-02
Volume
38
Issue
2
Pages
141-159
ISSN
0148-2963 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2057479025
Cited by
553
References
4
FWCI
3.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Using a hierarchy-of-effects approach to gauge the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility to generate goodwill toward the firm: Financial versus nonfinancial impacts. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0148-2963(96)00061-6
The paper
Murray, K. B., & Vogel, C. M. (1997). Using a hierarchy-of-effects approach to gauge the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility to generate goodwill toward the firm: Financial versus nonfinancial impacts. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0148-2963(96)00061-6

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.