The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
PTSD symptoms and cognitive performance in recent trauma survivors
Abstract
Chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with cognitive impairments involving memory and attention. The association between cognitive impairment and early PTSD symptoms is unknown, yet such association may lead to poorer processing of traumatic memories and thereby contribute to subsequent PTSD. This study evaluated the relationship between PTSD symptoms and cognitive functioning within 10 days of traumatic events. Forty-eight survivors were assessed for symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression and dissociation and for immediate and delayed verbal and figural memory, attention, learning and IQ. Survivors with high levels of PTSD symptoms showed impaired attention and immediate recall for figural information and lower IQ. They did not show, however, an impairment of verbal recall and learning. The observed difference was not explained by anxiety or dissociation. It disappeared, however, when the effect of depressive symptoms was controlled for. Lower IQ and impaired attention are associated with early PTSD and depressive symptoms. Poorer attention may have a role in shaping traumatic memories.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“these cognitive impairments were no longer significant when depressive symptoms were controlled for”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Brandes et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“peritraumatic dissociation (dissociation that occurred during the event) was not associated with impaired performance on tasks assessing visuospatial memory and attention among individuals with high levels of PTSD symptoms (Brandes et al., 2002).”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Brandes et al., 2002
Citations
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012 · Cited by 10,379
Impact of Event Scale: A Measure of Subjective Stress
Horowitz, M., Wilner, N., & Alvarez, W. (1979) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197905000-00004 · Cited by 7,813
Neuropsychological assessment.
Cipolotti, L., & Warrington, E. K. (1995) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.58.6.655 · Cited by 3,267
Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Urban Population of Young Adults
Breslau, N. (1991) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810270028003 · Cited by 2,544
McEwen, B. S. (2000) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02950-4 · Cited by 1,827
The Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence
Webster, A. S., & Wechsler, D. (1958) · The Journal of Criminal Law Criminology and Police Science · doi:10.2307/1141601 · Cited by 1,812
Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD
Allden, K. (1998) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199807000-00018 · Cited by 1,709
The Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence (4th ed.).
Wechsler, D. (1958) · doi:10.1037/11167-000 · Cited by 1,683
(1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.7.973 · Cited by 1,610
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Anxiety and working memory capacity: A meta-analysis and narrative review.
Moran, T. P. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000051 · Cited by 776
Executive function and PTSD: disengaging from trauma.
Aupperle, R. L., Melrose, A. J., Stein, M. B., & Paulus, M. P. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.02.008 · Cited by 657
“…have been found in combat-and sexual assault-related PTSD when compared to victims without PTSD and non-trauma controls (Samuelson et al., 2006; Brandes et al., 2002; Gilbertson et al., 2001; Vasterling et al., 1998, 2002; Marmar et al., 2006; Lagarde et al., 2010; Gilbertson et al., 2001;…”
A quantitative meta-analysis of neurocognitive functioning in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Scott, J. C., Matt, G. E., Wrocklage, K. M., Crnich, C., Jordan, J., Southwick, S. M., Krystal, J. H., & Schweinsburg, B. C. (2015) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0038039 · Cited by 513
Zoladz, P. R., & Diamond, D. M. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.03.024 · Cited by 339
Vasterling, J. J., Verfaellie, M. H., & Sullivan, K. D. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.08.004 · Cited by 279
Metadata
- Authors
- Brandes, D., Ben-Schachar, G., Gilboa, A., Bonne, O., Freedman, S., & Shalev, A. Y.
- Affiliations
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Hadassah Medical Center (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Shalev, Arieh Y
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 231-238
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051270857
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (NH 50374)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, posttraumatic stress symptoms, cognitive impairment, attention, verbal memory, figural memory, IQ, depressive symptoms, anxiety, dissociation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Chronic Disease, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Survivors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
