The behavioral ecology of modern hunter-gatherers, and human evolution
Abstract
Modern day hunter-gatherers are an obvious source of information about human life in the past. But can modern people really tell us anything about other hominids, those represented only in the fossil record? In a world of state governments and a global economy, can present-day foragers even tell us much about life before agriculture? Some behavioral ecologists think so. Their findings show (1) that foraging practices are closely related to the character and distribution of local resources, (2) that men, women and children react to foraging opportunities quite differently, and (3) that sex and age difference in these reactions have important social causes and consequences. Some results directly challenge long-held views about hunter-gatherer economics and social organization, and the scenarios of human evolution based on them.
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In contrast to great apes, primiparous women of human forager populations are provisioned by mature adults, such as post-reproductive grandmothers, husbands several years older who have often passed through emerging adulthood, and other adults.
“In contrast to great apes, primiparous women of human forager populations are provisioned by mature adults, such as grandmothers, who are usually post-reproductive (77, 78); their husbands, who are typically several years older and have often passed through the emerging adulthood stage of their life history before marriage; and other adults (3, 79–81).”
From Emerging Adulthood, a Pre-adult Life-History Stage (2020) · cites this paper as [78]
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Emerging Adulthood, a Pre-adult Life-History Stage
Hochberg, Z., & Konner, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00918 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hawkes, K., O'Connell, J. F., & Rogers, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- ORCID
- Hawkes, Kristen
- Venue
- Trends in Ecology & Evolution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-32
- ISSN
- 0169-5347 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2074939074
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Ecology & Evolution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Keywords
- hunter-gatherers, behavioral ecology, human evolution, foraging behavior, resource allocation, sex differences, age differences, social organization, pre-agricultural societies
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