The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Low self-esteem, induced failure and the adrenocortical stress response
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“poor self esteem and low internal locus of control have been related to 12–13% smaller volume of the hippocampus”
From Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators (2008) · cites this paper as Pruessner et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“as well as higher cortisol levels during a mental arithmetic stressor (Pruessner et al., 1999; Pruessner et al., 2005).”
From Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators (2008) · cites this paper as Pruessner et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, poor self-esteem and low internal locus of control have been related to a 12% to 13% smaller volume of the hippocampus, as well as higher Cortisol levels during a mental arithmetic stressor.124,125”
From Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators: central role of the brain (2006) · cites this paper as [125]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, poor self-esteem and low internal locus of control have been related to a 12% to 13% smaller volume of the hippocampus, as well as higher Cortisol levels during a mental arithmetic stressor.124,125”
From Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators: central role of the brain (2006) · cites this paper as [125]
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Lachenbruch, P. A., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290095 · Cited by 37,421
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Rotter, J. B. (1966) · Psychological Monographs: General and Applied · doi:10.1037/h0092976 · Cited by 21,937
Selye, H. (1956) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 5,224
The Neuroendocrinology of Stress and Aging: The Glucocorticoid Cascade Hypothesis
Sapolsky, R. M., Krey, L. C., & McEwen, B. S. (1986) · Science of Aging Knowledge Environment · doi:10.1126/sageke.2002.38.cp21 · Cited by 2,343
Allostasis: A New Paradigm to Explain Arousal Pathology
Sterling, P., & Eyer, J. (1988) · Zenodo · doi:10.5281/zenodo.13537700 · Cited by 1,450
Why stress is bad for your brain
Sapolsky, R. M. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.273.5276.749 · Cited by 1,306
Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol
Van Cauter, E. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.81.7.2468 · Cited by 951
Dressendörfer, R. A., Kirschbaum, C., Rohde, W., Stahl, F., & Strasburger, C. J. (1992) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(92)90294-s · Cited by 882
Self-citationA review of psychoendocrine research on the pituitary–adrenal cortical system
MASON, J. W. (1968) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-196809000-00020 · Cited by 874
Consistent sex differences in cortisol responses to psychological stress.
Kirschbaum, C., Wüst, S., & Hellhammer, D. (1992) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199211000-00004 · Cited by 730
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Brunstein, J. C. (1989). Action-oriented vs state-oriented reactions to experimentally-induced failure. Z. Exp. Angew. Psychol., 36 (3), 349–367.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dickerson, S. S., & Kemeny, M. E. (2004) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.355 · Cited by 5,881
Physiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: central role of the brain
McEwen, B. S. (2007) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00041.2006 · Cited by 5,429
Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1111/1529-1006.01431 · Cited by 3,893
Stress and Health: Psychological, Behavioral, and Biological Determinants
Schneiderman, N., Ironson, G., & Siegel, S. D. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144141 · Cited by 2,252
Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.
Sowislo, J. F., & Orth, U. (2013) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0028931 · Cited by 2,123
Metadata
- Authors
- Pruessner, J. C., Hellhammer, D. H., & Kirschbaum, C.
- Affiliations
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
- Universität Trier (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kirschbaum, Clemens
- Venue
- Personality and Individual Differences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-09
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 477-489
- ISSN
- 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2083425441
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- self-esteem, free cortisol, adrenocortical stress response, mental arithmetic, task difficulty, performance under stress, personality and stress
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
