Synthesis of a cortisol–biotin conjugate and evaluation as a tracer in an immunoassay for salivary cortisol measurement
Abstract
Cortisol 3-(o-carboxymethyl)oxime (C3-CMO) and a commercially available biotin-hydrazide derivative were used to synthesize a C3-CMO-biotin conjugate. C3-CMO was converted into a N-hydroxysuccinimide ester derivative which in a second reaction step was allowed to interact with the hydrazide derivative of biotin. This simple-to-perform synthesis yielded a conjugate suitable for use as a tracer in immunoassays for cortisol measurement. Employing biotin as the primary probe in a competitive solid phase immunoassay allows for variable end point determination by means of commercially available labeled avidin or streptavidin derivatives. Streptavidin-Europium was used in conjunction with the DELFIA-system for time-resolved fluorometric end point measurement (TR-FIA) throughout the study. In addition, colorimetric end point determination (ELISA) using streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase as a secondary probe was established and evaluated. Both forms of this non-isotopic assay showed excellent correlation with a commercially available radioimmunoassay adapted for salivary cortisol measurement. The lower detection limit was 0.43 nM for a 50 microliters salivary sample. The intra-assay coefficient of variation was 6.7, 4.7 and 4.0% at cortisol concentrations of 2.2, 5.5 and 13.2 nM, respectively (n = 37), and the corresponding inter-assay coefficients of variation were 9.0, 8.6 and 7.1% (n = 50). The competitive immunoassay requires 1.5 h incubation time and shows robust and reproducible performance. The C3-CMO-biotin conjugate allows for sensitive and flexible end point determination of salivary cortisol levels in immunoassays.
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Cortisol from salivettes was analyzed using a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay with documented validity and reliability.
“Cortisol from salivettes was analyzed using a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay with documented validity and reliability (Dressendorfer et al., 1992).”
From Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood (2005) · cites this paper as Dressendorfer et al., 1992
Assays were conducted in duplicate using a time-resolved immunoassay with fluorometric detection (DELFIA), with intra-assay coefficients of variation between 4.0% and 6.7% and inter-assay coefficients of variation from 7.1% to 9.0%.
“Assays were conducted in duplicate using a time-resolved immunoassay with fluorometric detection (DELFIA) (Dressendorfer et al., 1992). Intra-assay coefficients of variation (CVs) were between 4.0% and 6.7%, and inter-assay CVs ranged from 7.1% to 9.0%.”
From Prospective prediction of major depressive disorder from cortisol awakening responses in adolescence (2010) · cites this paper as Dressendorfer et al., 1992
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- Authors
- Dressendörfer, R. A., Kirschbaum, C., Rohde, W., Stahl, F., & Strasburger, C. J.
- Affiliations
- LMU Klinikum (DE)
- Universität Trier (DE)
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Strasburger, C.J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-12
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 683-692
- ISSN
- 0960-0760 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2036643530
- Cited by
- 882
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 2.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Biotin and Related Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- salivary cortisol, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, competitive immunoassay, time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, ELISA, steroid hormone measurement
- MeSH terms
- Biotin, Cross Reactions, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Immunoassay, Radioimmunoassay, Salivary Glands, Reproducibility of Results
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