Randomized clinical trial of melatonin after night-shift work: Efficacy and neuropsychologic effects
Abstract
Objective Melatonin has received considerable publicity for its sleep-promoting properties; however, there is little scientific evidence of its efficacy. The objective of this study is to determine whether there are measurable beneficial effects from exogenous melatonin in emergency physicians after intermittent night-shift duty.Methods This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial was conducted in the emergency department of an urban tertiary care hospital. Fifteen emergency physicians were given melatonin 5 mg or placebo for 3 consecutive nights after night-shift duty with crossover to the opposite agent after a subsequent block of night shifts. The primary outcome measure was the global assessment of recovery measured by a visual analog scale. Secondary outcome measures included sleep quality, duration, and tiredness. In addition, the Profile of Mood States questionnaire and neuropsychologic testing were performed.Results There was no difference between melatonin and placebo in the global assessment of recovery (60.4+/-16.9 and 58.9+/-14.5, respectively; P=.29). There were no differences in sleep quality, duration or tiredness scores, sleep latency, hours of sleep obtained per night, and night or early awakening at any measurement point. Profile of Mood States and neuropsychologic test performances were similar.Conclusion We found no beneficial effect of melatonin on sleep quality, tiredness, or cognitive function in emergency physicians after night-shift duty. Our results suggest that exogenous melatonin is of limited value in recovery from night-shift work in emergency physicians.
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For shift work, older clinical studies with smaller subject numbers found no difference or modest differences in sleep outcomes compared with placebo.
“Older clinical studies with smaller subject numbers found no difference [286,287] or modest differences [288] in sleep outcomes compared with placebo.”
From Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements (2022) · cites this paper as [286]
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- Authors
- Wright, S. W., Lawrence, L. M., Wrenn, K. D., Haynes, M. L., Welch, L. W., & Schlack, H. M.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Annals of Emergency Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-09
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 334-340
- ISSN
- 0196-0644 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2157247181
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Emergency Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- melatonin, night shift work, emergency physicians, sleep quality, fatigue, sleep duration, cognitive function, mood, exogenous melatonin
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Antioxidants, Circadian Rhythm, Cognition, Double-Blind Method, Emergency Medicine, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, Middle Aged, Neuropsychology, Night Care, Placebos, Prospective Studies, Sleep, Sleep Stages, Time Factors, Free Radical Scavengers, Treatment Outcome, Cross-Over Studies
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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