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Cited by 46Tuberculosis Research and EpidemiologyDiagnosis and treatment of tuberculosisInfectious Diseases and Tuberculosis

The utility of IS6110 sequence based polymerase chain reaction in comparison to conventional methods in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis

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Sekar, B, Selvaraj, L, Alexis, A, Ravi, S, Arunagiri, K, Rathinavel, L·2008·Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
DOI 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01813-2
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Abstract

IS6110 sequence based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was compared with conventional bacteriological techniques in the laboratory diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). One hundred and ninety one non-repeated clinical samples of EPTB and 17 samples from non-tuberculous cases as controls were included. All the samples were processed for Ziehl-Neelsen staining for acid fast bacilli (AFB) and 143 samples were processed by culture for M. tuberculosis. All the samples were processed for PCR amplification with primers targeting 123 bp fragment of insertion element IS6110 of M. tuberculosis complex. Of the total 191 samples processed, 34 (18%) were positive by smear for AFB. Culture for AFB was positive in 31(22%) samples among the 143 samples processed. Either smear or culture for AFB was found positive in 51(27%) samples. Of the total 191 samples processed 120 (63%) were positive by PCR. In 140 samples, wherein both the conventional techniques were found negative, 74 (53%) samples were positive by PCR alone. Among 51 samples positive by conventional techniques, 46 (90%) were found positive by PCR. PCR assay targeting IS6110 is useful in establishing the diagnosis of EPTB, where there is strong clinical suspicion, especially when the conventional techniques are negative.

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  • The restricted use of molecular diagnostic tools is a significant limitation; PCR application was hindered in all cases by inadequate samples obtained via FNAC.

    “Another significant limitation is the restricted use of molecular diagnostic tools. While PCR remains an essential tool in recent protocols for diagnosing TB [65], its application was hindered in all cases by the inadequate samples obtained via FNAC.”

    From Head and Neck Tuberculosis: A Rare Diagnosis and the Role of Surgical Biopsy and Histopathological Evaluation in Extrapulmonary Disease (2025) · cites this paper as [65]

    The Discussion describes IS6110 PCR as highly useful for diagnosing suspected extrapulmonary TB, especially when conventional tests are negative. It does not establish that PCR is essential in recent TB protocols. The FNAC limitation follows the citation in the citing sentence; this paper instead reports PCR testing of all its samples, with four lymph-node aspirates among five false-negative results. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Sharma SK, Mohan A. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis -Review 1. article. Indian J Med Res 2004;120:316-53.
  2. Eisenach KD, Cave MD, Bates JH, Crawford JT. Polymerase 4. chain reaction ampliÞ cation of repetitive DNA sequence speciÞ c for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Infect Dis 1990;161:977-81.

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Authors
Sekar, B., Selvaraj, L., Alexis, A., Ravi, S., Arunagiri, K., & Rathinavel, L.
Affiliations
Stanley Medical College (IN)
Corresponding author
Sekar, B
Venue
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-10
Volume
26
Issue
4
Pages
352-355
ISSN
0255-0857 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01813-2
OpenAlex
W2047206022
Cited by
45
References
11
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
FWCI
1.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • TSpace (University of Toronto) (submittedVersion)
  • Bioline International (Bioline International) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
Keywords
extrapulmonary tuberculosis, IS6110, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, acid-fast bacilli, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, mycobacterial culture, diagnostic sensitivity, tuberculosis diagnosis
MeSH terms
Bacteriological Techniques, Body Fluids, Culture Media, DNA Transposable Elements, DNA, Bacterial, Humans, Lymph Nodes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staining and Labeling, Tuberculosis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA Primers

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