The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Economic development as self-discovery
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This suggests that in economies where firms face substantial entry barriers, the underinvestment problem noted by Hausmann and Rodrik (2003) is not likely to be serious.”
From Is There a Case for Industrial Policy? A Critical Survey (2006) · cites this paper as Hausmann and Rodrik (2003)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The second market failure identified by Hausmann and Rodrik (2003) is that the market equilibrium yields too little specialization-all activities that turn out to be profitable are sustained whereas optimality requires that only the one activity with the highest return be pursued.”
From Is There a Case for Industrial Policy? A Critical Survey (2006) · cites this paper as Hausmann and Rodrik (2003)
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis
Nelson, R. R. (1993) · Cited by 4,853
Asia's Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization
Diebold, W., & Amsden, A. H. (1990) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20044328 · Cited by 3,902
Embedded autonomy: states and industrial transformation
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-1763 · Cited by 3,617
(1993) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195076165.001.0001 · Cited by 3,069
Asia's next giant: South Korea and late industrialization
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-3378 · Cited by 2,110
Cooper, R., & Nelson, R. R. (1993) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20045836 · Cited by 1,257
Wade, R. (2018) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv346sp7 · Cited by 697
Managing technological development: Lessons from the newly industrializing countries
Dahlman, C. J., Ross-Larson, B., & Westphal, L. E. (1987) · World Development · doi:10.1016/0305-750x(87)90058-1 · Cited by 543
Appropriate Technology and Growth
Basu, S., & Weil, D. N. (1998) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/003355398555829 · Cited by 496
Appropriate Technology and Growth
Basu, S., & Weil, D. N. (1996) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w5865 · Cited by 410
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Yonekawa, 1982, The growth of cotton spinning firms: a comparative study, vol. 8, 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 901–1,000 of 1,000
Innovation and exports: different markets, different outcomes
Barrère, G., Jung, A., & Karsaclian, D. (2021) · Competitiveness Review An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness · doi:10.1108/cr-09-2020-0111 · Cited by 6
The determinants of exit in a developing country: core and peripheral regions
Calá, C. D., Arauzo‐Carod, J., & Manjón-Antolín, M. C. (2015) · The Annals of Regional Science · doi:10.1007/s00168-015-0695-8 · Cited by 6
Agglomeration, Regional Growth, and Economic Development
Quigley, J. M. (2012) · Advances in spatial science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32141-2_2 · Cited by 6
Economic Complexity and Growth
Poncet, S., & de Waldemar, F. S. (2013) · Revue économique · Cited by 6
Ocampo, J. A. (2005) · DIGITAL REPOSITORY Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (United Nations) · Cited by 6
Developing countries and the concept of development
Szirmai, A. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511817342.002 · Cited by 6
MULTILOCALIZACIÓN: UNA ESTRATEGIA PARA COMPETIR GLOBALMENTE
Rodríguez, M. M. S. (2009) · Estudios Gerenciales · doi:10.1016/s0123-5923(09)70063-4 · Cited by 6
Entrepreneurship in the field of development economics
Naudé, W. A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04502-8_4 · Cited by 6
RESTRICCIÓN EXTERNA AL CRECIMIENTO DE ARGENTINA. EL ROL DE LAS MANUFACTURAS INDUSTRIALES
Bekerman, M., Dulcich, F., & Vázquez, D. (2015) · Problemas del Desarrollo Revista Latinoamericana de Economía · doi:10.1016/j.rpd.2015.10.004 · Cited by 6
Law, Competition, and Global Markets
Gerber, D. J. (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228225.003.0001 · Cited by 6
The Idea of Good (Enough) Governance - A Look from Complexity EconomicsPreprint
Hardt, Ł. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2171721 · Cited by 6
NEW AND TRADITIONAL TRADE FLOWS AND THE ECONOMIC CRISISPreprint
Nicita, A., & Tumurchudur, B. (2011) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6
Industrial policies and capabilities for catching up: Frameworks and paradigmsPreprint
Nübler, I. (2011) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6
The Role of Relative Price Volatility in the Efficiency of Investment AllocationPreprint
Cavallo, E. A., Galindo, A., Izquierdo, A., & León-Díaz, J. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1818748 · Cited by 6
Is Europe disintegrating? Macroeconomic divergence, structural polarization, trade and fragilityPreprint
Graebner, C., Heimberger, P., Kapeller, J., & Schuetz, B. (2017) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6
The Birth and Growth of New Export Clusters: Which Mechanisms Drive Diversification?Preprint
Bahar, D., Stein, E. H., Wagner, R. A., & Rosenow, S. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3035605 · Cited by 6
Technological Readiness in the Middle East and North Africa – Implications for EgyptPreprint
Brach, J. (2010) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1730179 · Cited by 6
Distance to the Technological Frontier and Economic DevelopmentPreprint
Özak, Ö. (2012) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6
The Middle-Income Transition around the Globe: Characteristics of Graduation and SlowdownPreprint
Vandenberg, P., Poot, L. P., & Miyamoto, J. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2590289 · Cited by 6
Hasanov, F., Joutz, F. L., & Javid, M. (2021) · doi:10.30573/ks--2021-dp09 · Cited by 6
The Economic Complexity of Namibia: A Roadmap for Productive DiversificationPreprint
Hausmann, R., Santos, M. Á., Barrios, D., Taniparti, N., Pye, J. T., & Lu, J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4071911 · Cited by 6
Self-citation(2020) · International scientific business conference LIMEN Leadership, innovation, manag. economics: Integrated politics of research · doi:10.31410/limen · Cited by 5
Measuring Industrial Policy: A Text-Based Approach
Juhász, R., Lane, N., Oehlsen, E., & Perez, V. (2025) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w33895 · Cited by 10
Una politica industriale e tecnologica per l'Italia ∗
Lucchese, M., Nascia, L., & Pianta, M. (2016) · ARGOMENTI · doi:10.14276/1971-8357.568 · Cited by 6
Bashir, M. A., Dengfeng, Z., Rãdulescu, M., Secară, C. G., Stanciu-Tolea, C., & Gong, Z. (2023) · Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja · doi:10.1080/1331677x.2022.2164035 · Cited by 5
He, G., & Zeng, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2024.1486254 · Cited by 5
Gylfason, Þ., & Nganou, J.-P. (2024) · Comparative Economic Studies · doi:10.1057/s41294-024-00246-w · Cited by 5
The theory of interventionism as an Austrian theory of slowdowns
Czeglédi, P. (2012) · The Review of Austrian Economics · doi:10.1007/s11138-012-0194-4 · Cited by 5
What is the Right R&D Strategy for Overcoming the Difficulties of the South Korean IT Industry?
Park, E., Kwon, S. J., Kim, H., Ohm, J. Y., & Chang, H. J. (2013) · Information Technology for Development · doi:10.1080/02681102.2013.856282 · Cited by 5
Farmer Business Schools to strengthen entrepreneurship of Potato farmers in Rwanda
de Boer, T. A. (2013) · Cited by 5
Les stratégies de spécialisation intelligente : approche factuelle
Kotnik, P., & Petrin, T. (2017) · Revue Internationale des Sciences Administratives · doi:10.3917/risa.831.0089 · Cited by 5
Lehmann, T., Benner, M., & Kapo, A. (2022) · Innovation The European Journal of Social Science Research · doi:10.1080/13511610.2022.2092075 · Cited by 7
Martinidis, G., Dyjakon, A., Minta, S., & Ramut, R. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su141610325 · Cited by 5
Cluster-Based Agricultural Development: A Comparison Between China and Africa
Zhang, X. (2022) · Emerging-economy state and international policy studies · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_23 · Cited by 5
Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Mustafa, Z., & Canavari, M. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su142315729 · Cited by 5
Where next for behavioral public policy?
Chater, N., & Loewenstein, G. (2023) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x23002091 · Cited by 4
Examining the effect of insurance development on economic complexity: Evidence from Africa
Meytang, C., & Djeunankan, R. (2024) · Journal of International Trade & Economic Development · doi:10.1080/09638199.2024.2396938 · Cited by 5
Enhancing localisation in public procurements: A framework for evaluating suppliers' capabilities
Naeini, A. B., Yazdi, N., & Maleki, A. R. (2024) · The Extractive Industries and Society · doi:10.1016/j.exis.2024.101543 · Cited by 5
The Emerging Offshore Software Industries and the United States Economy
Arora, A. (2005) · Brookings Trade Forum · doi:10.1353/btf.2006.0003 · Cited by 5
Trade Sophistication Indicators: Balancing Diversity and Specialization
Brady, G., Doyle, E., & Noonan, L. (2013) · International Advances in Economic Research · doi:10.1007/s11294-013-9424-1 · Cited by 5
Back in Business: Private Sector Development for Poverty Reduction in Norwegian Aid
Villanger, E. (2016) · Forum for Development Studies · doi:10.1080/08039410.2015.1089318 · Cited by 4
Understanding Neo-Developmentalism in Latin America
Rojas, S. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139381888.005 · Cited by 5
Veloso, E. F. R., Silva, R., Trevisan, L. N., Gomes, D. F. N., & Dutra, J. (2014) · Revista organizações em contexto/Organizações em Contexto · doi:10.15603/1982-8756/roc.v10n19p279-305 · Cited by 5
Import Substitution Industrialization in Latin America: Experience and Lessons for the Future
Braga, C. A. P. (2010) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230297388_4 · Cited by 5
Industrial policy for Serbia: A matrix approach
Vuksanović, I. (2017) · Ekonomika preduzeca · doi:10.5937/ekopre1702175v · Cited by 5
Monardo, B. (2018) · Green energy and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75774-2_25 · Cited by 5
Product Sophistication and Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment
Huber, S. (2018) · Contributions to economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76093-3_3 · Cited by 5
Terms of trade volatility, exports, and GDP
Janus, T. (2019) · Economic Change and Restructuring · doi:10.1007/s10644-019-09247-7 · Cited by 5
Terzi, A., & Marrazzo, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108782517.004 · Cited by 5
EKONOMİK KALKINMADA BİLİŞİM SEKTÖRÜNÜN ETKİNLİĞİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
GEDİK, A. (2020) · Journal of Academic Perspective on Social Studies · doi:10.35344/japss.731827 · Cited by 5
Eyana, S. M., Masurel, E., & Paas, L. J. (2020) · Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development · doi:10.1108/jsbed-04-2019-0108 · Cited by 5
Carreras, M. (2022) · European Journal of Development Research · doi:10.1057/s41287-022-00517-1 · Cited by 5
Moreno‐Casas, V. (2021) · The Review of Austrian Economics · doi:10.1007/s11138-021-00565-6 · Cited by 7
Castañeda, G., Pietronero, L., Romero-Padilla, J. M., & Zaccaria, A. (2022) · Structural Change and Economic Dynamics · doi:10.1016/j.strueco.2022.04.006 · Cited by 5
Ni, Y., Du, P., & Rong, M. (2023) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s10668-023-03100-8 · Cited by 5
Traiberman, S., & Rotemberg, M. (2023) · Journal of International Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103836 · Cited by 5
Explaining growth? The case of the trade–growth relationship
Perraton, J. (2011) · Journal of Economic Methodology · doi:10.1080/1350178x.2011.611028 · Cited by 5
Noman, A. (2015) · The Lahore journal of economics · doi:10.35536/lje.2015.v20.isp.a3 · Cited by 5
Manga, M. (2019) · Cankiri Karatekin Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi Dergisi · doi:10.18074/ckuiibfd.484244 · Cited by 5
Enhancing export competitiveness by deeper integration: The case of the East African Community
Tou, W. K. S. (2020) · Development Policy Review · doi:10.1111/dpr.12501 · Cited by 5
Thoughts on balance-of-payments constrained growth after 40 years
Thirlwall, A. P. (2021) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781800881471.00012 · Cited by 5
The Dynamics of Expansion to Emerging Markets: Evidence from C anadian Exporters
Sui, S., & Yu, Z. (2013) · Review of Development Economics · doi:10.1111/rode.12046 · Cited by 5
Labour and Its Discontents: The Consequences of Orthodox Reform in Venezuela and Mexico
Jonakin, J. (2009) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220380902862945 · Cited by 5
Comment on Hausmann and Rodrik
Rodríguez, F. (2005) · Cited by 5
DEINDUSTRIALIZATION OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Clark, D. P. (2019) · Global economy journal · doi:10.1142/s2194565919500015 · Cited by 5
Which Export Variety Matters for Urban Economic Growth, Related or Unrelated Variety?
Qin, X., Li, S., Xu, W., & Li, X. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11164325 · Cited by 5
Investimento direto estrangeiro no Mercosul: uma visão geralPreprint
Junior, F., & Galvão, R. (2005) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Technological Readiness in the Middle East and North Africa – Implications for EgyptPreprint
Brach, J. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1743389 · Cited by 5
Crecimiento, productividad y la nueva economía: implicaciones para Colombia
Clavijo-Vergara, S. (2003) · doi:10.32468/be.228 · Cited by 5
Hartmann, D., & Arata, A. (2011) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Structural Transformation of Exports in a Product Space ModelPreprint
Vitola, K., & Dâvidsons, G. (2008) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Constraints to Economic Development and Growth in the Middle East and North AfricaPreprint
Brach, J. (2008) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1286047 · Cited by 5
The Organization of Public-Private Cooperation for Productive Development Policies
Cornick, J. (2013) · doi:10.18235/0011484 · Cited by 5
Public-Private Collaboration on Productive Development in Uruguay
González, M., Bianchi, C., Rius, A., & Pittaluga, L. (2014) · doi:10.18235/0011625 · Cited by 5
Measuring Country Competitiveness: A Survey of Exporting-based IndexesPreprint
Gaglio, C. (2015) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Patterns of Sectoral Structural Change Empirical Evidence from Similarity NetworksPreprint
Radebach, A., Steckel, J. C., & Ward, H. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2771653 · Cited by 5
Determinants of Developing Countries' Export Upgrading: The Role of China and Productive InvestmentPreprint
Teng, Y., & Lo, D. (2019) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Editorial - Política Industrial e Indústria 4.0
Diegues, A. C., & Roselino, . E. (2020) · Revista Brasileira de Inovação · doi:10.20396/rbi.v19i0.8661724 · Cited by 5
Productive Development Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Case of Mexico
Baz, V., Capelo, M. C., Centeno, R., & Estrada, R. (2010) · doi:10.18235/0011383 · Cited by 5
Intellectual Property Rights Protection and Export Quality UpgradingPreprint
Ndubuisi, G. O. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3459439 · Cited by 5
Designing Smart Specialization Policy: relatedness, unrelatedness, or what?Preprint
Boschma, R. A. (2021) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Fear of China: Is There a Future for Manufacturing in Latin America?
Moreira, M. M. (2004) · doi:10.18235/0011316 · Cited by 5
Innovation Policies Under Economic ComplexityPreprint
Hausmann, R., Yildirim, M. A., Chacua, C., Hartog, M., & Matha, S. G. (2024) · Social Science Research Network · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4814938 · Cited by 3
Self-citationDecoupling or resilience? Technological GVCs in the face of Trump’s policies
Cieślik, E., & Zamojska, A. (2025) · China Economic Journal · doi:10.1080/17538963.2025.2508055 · Cited by 4
Hausmann, R. (2025) · LSE Press eBooks · doi:10.31389/lsepress.tlc.e · Cited by 4
Self-citationVariety of external knowledge and industrial upgrading: Evidence from Chinese semiconductor industry
Zhu, S., Zhang, X., Jin, W., & Li, W. (2025) · Applied Geography · doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103850 · Cited by 4
丁, 仁. (2023) · Business and Globalization · doi:10.12677/bglo.2023.114015 · Cited by 4
Xu, Y., Li, N., & Zhao, Y. (2024) · Modern Economy · doi:10.4236/me.2024.1511056 · Cited by 4
Has Trade Liberalisation In Poor Countries Delivered The Promises Expected?
Pacheco-López, P., & Thirlwall, A. (2009) · PANORAMA ECONÓMICO · doi:10.29201/pe-ipn.v4i8.86 · Cited by 18
Vittoria, M. P., & Napolitano, P. (2016) · Social Network Analysis and Mining · doi:10.1007/s13278-016-0359-4 · Cited by 4
Fuentes, A., & Pipkin, S. (2018) · Business and Politics · doi:10.1017/bap.2018.23 · Cited by 4
Southeast Asian catch-up through the convergence of trade structures
Eum, W., & Maliphol, S. (2022) · Asian Journal of Technology Innovation · doi:10.1080/19761597.2022.2095292 · Cited by 4
European Industrial Policy in the 2020s: Rationale, Challenges and Limitations
Dullien, S. (2024) · Intereconomics · doi:10.2478/ie-2024-0051 · Cited by 4
The Performance of Industrial Policy: Evidence from Korea
Lee, J. (2011) · International Economic Journal · doi:10.1080/10168737.2011.550122 · Cited by 9
Evaluation of the Economic Diplomacy model in the Republic of Slovenia
Justinek, G. (2011) · International Journal of Trade and Global Markets · doi:10.1504/ijtgm.2011.042864 · Cited by 4
Export diversification dynamics in Latin America
Agosín, M. R., & Chanci, L. (2015) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781781005316.00022 · Cited by 4
Leviathan Evolving: New Varieties of State Capitalism in Brazil and Beyond
Musacchio, A., & Lazzarini, S. G. (2013) · Cited by 4
Witt, M. A. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316422267.005 · Cited by 4
Development Implications of WTO Accession Procedures
Martin, W. J. (2010) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230250826_2 · Cited by 4
Lessons for a Policy Maker From Real-Life Self-Discovery in Economies With Weak Institutions
Romanovna, G. K., Kuznetsov, Y., & Wade, I. S. K. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804137-6.00010-3 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Hausmann, R., & Rodrik, D.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rodrik, Dani
- Venue
- Journal of Development Economics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-12
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 603-633
- ISSN
- 0304-3878 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2120106358
- Cited by
- 1,840
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 112 · 2019: 96 · 2018: 90 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 113 · 2015: 105 · 2014: 82 · 2013: 97 · 2012: 94
- FWCI
- 73.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Development Economics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Growth and Productivity
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Global trade and economics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Technological Innovation
- Keywords
- economic development, self-discovery, imitation, production costs, entrepreneurship, production diversification, production rationalization, optimal policy, small open economy, general equilibrium
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
