The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cannabis use for chronic non-cancer pain: results of a prospective survey
Abstract
There has been a surge in interest in medicinal cannabis in Canada. We conducted a questionnaire survey to determine the current prevalence of medicinal cannabis use among patients with chronic non-cancer pain, to estimate the dose size and frequency of cannabis use, and to describe the main symptoms for which relief was being sought. Over a 6-week period in mid-2001, 209 chronic non-cancer pain patients were recruited in an anonymous cross-sectional survey. Seventy-two (35%) subjects reported ever having used cannabis. Thirty-two (15%) subjects reported having used cannabis for pain relief (pain users), and 20 (10%) subjects were currently using cannabis for pain relief. Thirty-eight subjects denied using cannabis for pain relief (recreational users). Compared to never users, pain users were significantly younger (P=0.001) and were more likely to be tobacco users (P=0.0001). The largest group of patients using cannabis had pain caused by trauma and/or surgery (51%), and the site of pain was predominantly neck/upper body and myofascial (68% and 65%, respectively). The median duration of pain was similar in both pain users and recreational users (8 vs. 7 years; P=0.7). There was a wide range of amounts and frequency of cannabis use. Of the 32 subjects who used cannabis for pain, 17 (53%) used four puffs or less at each dosing interval, eight (25%) smoked a whole cannabis cigarette (joint) and four (12%) smoked more than one joint. Seven (22%) of these subjects used cannabis more than once daily, five (16%) used it daily, eight (25%) used it weekly and nine (28%) used it rarely. Pain, sleep and mood were most frequently reported as improving with cannabis use, and 'high' and dry mouth were the most commonly reported side effects. We conclude that cannabis use is prevalent among the chronic non-cancer pain population, for a wide range of symptoms, with considerable variability in the amounts used. Discussions between patients and health care providers concerning cannabis use may facilitate education and follow up, and would allow side effects and potential interactions with other medications to be monitored. Clinical trials of cannabis for chronic non-cancer pain are warranted.
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“Two other studies reported that the majority of participants reduced their routine pain medications by 60–70%; however, the extent to which opioid medications were specifically reduced was unclear.87,99”
From Clinical Practice Guidelines for Cannabis and Cannabinoid-Based Medicines in the Management of Chronic Pain and Co-Occurring Conditions (2024) · cites this paper as [87]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ware, M. A., Doyle, C. R., Woods, R., Lynch, M. E., & Clark, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Montreal General Hospital (CA)
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- St. Paul's Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Ware, Mark A
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 2003-03
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 211-216
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096628021
- Cited by
- 185
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 9.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
- Keywords
- medical cannabis, chronic non-cancer pain, cannabis use prevalence, analgesia, recreational cannabis use, myofascial pain, neck pain, cannabis side effects, tobacco use, patient-provider communication
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Canada, Cannabinoids, Cannabis, Chronic Disease, Data Collection, Drug Administration Routes, Female, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Middle Aged, Pain, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Plant Preparations
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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