Oxygen free radical generating mechanisms in the colon: do the semiquinones of vitamin K play a role in the aetiology of colon cancer?
Abstract
It is proposed that bile acids (deoxycholic acid), the K vitamins, iron(II) complexes and oxygen interact to induce an oncogenic effect in the colon by the generation of free radicals. In the relatively low oxidising/reducing conditions of the colonic lumen the K vitamins exist in the reduced form; however, if absorbed into the mucosa they have the capacity to be chemically oxidised and to enter into a redox cycle yielding oxygen radicals. The semiquinone radical of K(1) (phylloquinone) has been stabilised in bile acid mixed micelles and investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The estimated half-life of the radical was about 30 min which confirms a remarkably high stability in aqueous micellar solution. A model is presented in which the reduced K vitamins may initiate superoxide radical, O2(-*) generation leading to Fe(II) mediated Fenton reactions in the stem colon cells.
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Red meat contains high content of iron which may catalyze ROS formation in the colon during digestion.
“Red meat contains high content of iron which may catalyze ROS formation in the colon in the process of digestion (Valko et al. 2001).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Valko et al. 2001
A positive correlation between high consumption of red meat and incidence of colon cancer has been proposed.
“A positive correlation between the high consumption of red meat and the incidence of colon cancer has been proposed (Valko et al. 2001).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Valko et al. 2001
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- Authors
- Valko, M., Morris, H., Mazúr, M., Rapta, P., & Bilton, R. F.
- Affiliations
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava (SK)
- Liverpool John Moores University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Valko, Marián
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-08
- Volume
- 1527
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 161-166
- ISSN
- 0304-4165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2006276599
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 1.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education and Science (1/733/93)
- North West Cancer Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin K Research Studies
- Keywords
- oxygen free radicals, colon cancer, vitamin K, vitamin K1, semiquinone, bile acids, deoxycholic acid, iron(II) complexes, Fenton reaction, superoxide, redox cycling, colonic mucosa, radical stability, mixed micelles
- MeSH terms
- Bile Acids and Salts, Colon, Colonic Neoplasms, Diet, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Half-Life, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Micelles, Models, Chemical, Oxidation-Reduction, Vitamin K 1, Quinones, Superoxides, Vitamin K, Molecular Structure
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