Perturbations of plasma cortisol and DHEA-S following discontinuation of cocaine use in cocaine addicts
Abstract
Changes in plasma levels of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) following cocaine discontinuation were assessed in hospitalized chronic cocaine users. Measurements were performed after 6, 9, 18 and 21 days of abstinence. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed significant time effects for cortisol (P<0.02) and DHEA-S (P<0.001). Changes in the two hormones did not follow the same course. Levels of cortisol were highest on day 6 and then subsequently decreased, whereas DHEA-S levels were low on day 6 and highest on day 18. Repeated measures ANCOVAs were used to test the overall effects of total duration of cocaine use, daily or weekly cocaine amounts consumed, or frequency of use on cortisol secretion. Analyses revealed a significant effect of frequency of use only (P<0.04). More sustained cocaine use was associated with higher cortisol levels and less pronounced cortisol decline after discontinuation of cocaine use, but drug intake variables had no influence on DHEA-S. The effects of presence or absence of life-long histories of aggression were also assessed. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed a near significant group x time interaction for cortisol, which declined more dramatically in aggressive addicts than in non-aggressive addicts after day 6. DHEA-S was consistently higher in aggressive cocaine addicts, although this effect did not reach statistical significance. There was a noticeable difference in the dynamics of normalization of adrenal hormones between the two groups, with DHEA-S/cortisol ratios rising more dramatically during cocaine abstinence in aggressive than in non-aggressive addicts. In conclusion, lingering neuroendocrine perturbations persist after discontinuation of cocaine use in addicts. Some of these changes could be associated with an increased relapse risk.
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Drug abstinence from six to 18 days can affect DHEA levels in cocaine-dependent subjects.
“drug abstinence from six to 18 days can affect DHEA levels in cocaine-dependent subjects (Buydens-Branchey et al., 2002).”
From Effects of adverse childhood experiences on the association between intranasal oxytocin and social stress reactivity among individuals with cocaine dependence (2015) · cites this paper as Buydens-Branchey et al., 2002
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Cue-induced cocaine craving enhances psychosocial stress and vice versa in chronic cocaine usersPreprint
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Cakmak, H. A., Yazici, A. B., Erdogan, D. G., Oğur, Y. S., & Yazıcı, E. (2026) · Medical Science · doi:10.3390/medsci14020169
- Authors
- Buydens-Branchey, L., Branchey, M., Hudson, J., & Dorota Majewska, M.
- Affiliations
- State University of New York (US)
- VA NY Harbor Healthcare System (US)
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 83-97
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2044451913
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- cocaine, cocaine abstinence, plasma cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, aggression, relapse risk, chronic cocaine users, adrenal hormones
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aggression, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Piperazines, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, Cocaine-Related Disorders
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