Quark mass and flavour dependence of the QCD phase transition
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The speed of sound shows a dramatic decrease for T ≲ 2 Tc and approaches 1/3 for T ≫ Tc in agreement with an ultrarelativistic gas of quarks and gluons.
“The right panel of fig. 8 displays the speed of sound c 2 s [75] clearly showing a dramatic decrease for T ≲ 2 T c and approaching 1 / 3 for T ≫ T c in agreement with an ultrarelativistic gas of quarks and gluons.”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [75]
Section 3.3 (p. 14) discusses how the transition temperature varies with quark mass, while Section 4 (pp. 22–23) discusses the temperature dependence of the heavy-quark potential. Searches for the speed of sound, its behavior near 2 Tc, and its approach to 1/3 found no passage in our copy addressing those claims. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA strong decrease in the speed of sound, already above Tc, has been observed in lattice QCD.
“A strong decrease in the speed of sound, already above T c , has been observed in lattice QCD, see [75, 76] for the most recent data.”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [75]
Section 3.3 (p. 14) reports how the transition temperature changes with quark mass, not how the speed of sound changes with temperature. Searches for “speed of sound,” “sound velocity,” and related equation-of-state terms found no passage in our copy reporting a decrease above Tc. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Polyakov loop in 2+1 flavor QCD from low to high temperatures
Bazavov, A., Nora Brambilla, A., Ding, H.-T., Petreczky, P., Schadler, H.-P., Vairo, A., & Weber, J. H. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.93.114502 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Bluhm, M., Kämpfer, B., Schulze, R., Seipt, D., & Heinz, U. (2007) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.76.034901 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Three flavor Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with Polyakov loop and competition with nuclear matter
Ciminale, M., Gatto, R., Ippolito, N., Nardulli, G., & Ruggieri, M. (2008) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.77.054023 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Where is the chiral critical point in 3-flavor QCD?
Karsch, F., Allton, C. R., Shinji Ejiri, A., Hands, S., Kaczmarek, O., Laermann, E., & Schmidt, C. (2004) · Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements · doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(03)02659-8 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationEntanglement between deconfinement transition and chiral symmetry restoration
Sakai, Y., Sasaki, T., Kouno, H., & Yahiro, M. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.82.076003 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Overview of the QCD phase diagram
Guenther, J. N. (2021) · The European Physical Journal A · doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00354-6 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
The first second of the Universe
Schwarz, D. J. (2003) · Annalen der Physik · doi:10.1002/andp.200310010 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Wu, L.-K., Luo, X.-Q., & Chen, H.-S. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.76.034505 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Quasiparticle description of lattice QCD thermodynamics
Schneider, R., & Weise, W. (2001) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.64.055201 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
On the nature of the finite-temperature transition in QCD
Agostino Butti, A., Andrea Pelissetto, C., & Vicari, E. (2003) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2003/08/029 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
QCD phase diagram in a magnetic background for different values of the pion mass
D’Elia, M., Manigrasso, F., Negro, F., & Sanfilippo, F. (2018) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.054509 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Two lectures on color superconductivity
Shovkovy, I. A. (2004) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Beam energy and centrality dependence of two-pion Bose–Einstein correlations at SPS energies
Adamová, D., Agakichiev, G. N., Appelshäuser, H., Belaga, V. V., Braun‐Munzinger, P., Campagnolo, R., Castillo, A., Cherlin, A., Damjanović, S., Dietel, T., et al. (2003) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(02)01369-6 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Running coupling at finite temperature and chiral symmetry restoration in QCD
Braun, J., & Holger Gies, A. (2006) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2006.11.059 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Particle ratios at RHIC: Effective hadron masses and chemical freeze-out
Zschiesche, D., Schramm, S., Schaffner-Bielich, J., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (2002) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(02)02736-3 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Large N c deconfinement transition in the presence of a magnetic field
Fraga, E. S., Noronha, J., & Palhares, L. F. (2013) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.87.114014 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Inverse magnetic catalysis in holographic models of QCD
Mamo, K. A. (2015) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep05(2015)121 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“which is in a qualitative agreement with the hard-wall AdS/QCD [51], functional renormalization group study of QCD [52], and lattice QCD [53] results which show that Tc decreases with increasing number of flavors Nf at zero magnetic field B = 0 and chemical potential μ = 0.”
ResultEquation of state of hot and dense QCD: resummed perturbation theory confronts lattice data
Mogliacci, S., Andersen, J. O., Strickland, M. T., Su, N., & Vuorinen, A. (2013) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep12(2013)055 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“As expected based on the earlier analysis of [14], we observe a good agreement between our results and the lattice data down to temperatures of the order of 250 MeV.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe QCD equation of state near Tc within a quasi-particle model
Bluhm, M., Kämpfer, B., & Soff, G. (2005) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.083 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Does parton saturation at high density explain hadron multiplicities at RHIC ?
Baier, R., Mueller, A. H., Schiff, D., & Son, D. T. (2002) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 86 · see citing works
A search for inverse magnetic catalysis in thermal quark–meson models
Fraga, E. S., Mintz, B. W., & Schaffner–Bielich, J. (2014) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2014.02.028 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Equation of state of hadron resonance gas and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter
Satarov, L. M., Dmitriev, M. N., & Mishustin, I. N. (2009) · Physics of Atomic Nuclei · doi:10.1134/s1063778809080146 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
On the phase structure of QCD in a finite volume
Braun, J., Klein, B., & Schaefer, B.-J. (2012) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.05.053 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Bottomonium production at sNN=200 GeV and sNN=5.5 TeV
Grandchamp, L., Lumpkins, S. B., Sun, D., van Hees, H., & Rapp, R. (2006) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.73.064906 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Lattice QCD calculations for the physical equation of state
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Equilibrium statistical–thermal models in high-energy physics
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Statistical model predictions for particle ratios at sNN=5.5 TeV
Cleymans, J., Kraus, I., Oeschler, H., Redlich, K., & Wheaton, S. (2006) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.74.034903 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Does parton saturation at high density explain hadron multiplicities at RHIC?
Baier, R., Mueller, A. H., Schiff, D., & Son, D. T. (2002) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(02)02037-3 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Charmonium mass in nuclear matter
Lee, S. H., & Ko, C. M. (2003) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.67.038202 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Susceptibilities and screening masses in two flavor QCD
Gavai, R. V., Sourendu Gupta, A., & Majumdar, P. (2002) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.054506 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Quark number susceptibilities at high temperatures
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Self-citationMagnetic susceptibility of the quark condensate and polarization from chiral models
Frasca, M., & Ruggieri, M. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.094024 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Color screening in ( 2+1 )-flavor QCD
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Phase diagram of chirally imbalanced QCD matter
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On the scaling behavior of the chiral phase transition in QCD in finite and infinite volume
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Polyakov loop and correlator of Polyakov loops at next-to-next-to-leading order
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D mesons and charmonium states in asymmetric nuclear matter at finite temperatures
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Lattice QCD constraints on the nuclear equation of state
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Volume and quark mass dependence of the chiral phase transition
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Influence of strange quarks on the QCD phase diagram and chemical freeze-out
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Isentropic equation of state of 2-flavor QCD
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Determination of QCD phase diagram from the imaginary chemical potential region
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Pion condensation and phase diagram in the Polyakov-loop quark-meson model
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Phase diagram in the imaginary chemical potential region and extended Z 3 symmetry
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Linking the chiral and deconfinement phase transitions
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Lattice QCD at finite temperature and density
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- Authors
- Karsch, F., Laermann, E., & Peikert, A.
- Affiliations
- Bielefeld University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Karsch, F.
- Laermann, E.
- Peikert, A.
- Venue
- Nuclear Physics B
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-07
- Volume
- 605
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 579-599
- ISSN
- 0550-3213 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1987597786
- Cited by
- 492
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 23.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Nuclear Physics B (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) (submittedVersion)
- Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- QCD phase transition, critical temperature, quark mass dependence, flavor dependence, chiral limit, heavy quark free energy, lattice QCD, two-flavor QCD, three-flavor QCD
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